Una experiencia artística con tierra, barro y cerámica

Resumen: ¿Qué es la cerámica? ¿Qué nos enseña de nosotros? ¿Está presente en nuestro entorno próximo y lo dota de identidad? ¿Qué de interés nos puede ofrecer en el ámbito educativo de primaria? ¿Qué campos de la expresión artística puede favorecer? Son algunas de las preguntas y reflexiones planteadas que motivan este ejercicio y tratamos de averiguar. Los alumnos de tercero de Magisterio realizan dos piezas cerámicas utilitarias de distinto método de conformación y acabado, reflexionando sobre la educación artística, la creación y los procesos propios de la cerámica. Para elaborarlas, se ha completado un proceso íntegro cerámico; partiendo de bocetos previos con una base gráfica tanto de forma como de texturas o motivos, con especial énfasis en los trazos básicos del dibujo en la infancia, su asimilación y translación al volumen (que ofrecen una enorme cantidad de recursos y posibilidades), el modelado en arcilla roja en masa plástica, la aplicación de engobes de una gama elemental de colores, la imprescindible cocción y su transformación metamórfica. Se pretende, con este ejercicio, desarrollar la expresión artística mediante materiales y técnicas primigenias de nuestra historia, así como la percepción y la sensibilidad estética colectiva e individual, siempre des de un contexto universitario con enfoque a la enseñanza primaria y un alumnado en pleno desarrollo de conocimientos centrados en la exploración, la experimentación y la creación. Palabras clave: arte, cerámica, arcilla, educación artística, cultura, infancia Abstract: What is ceramics? What does it teach us about us? Is it present In our nearby environment and endows it witch identity? What interest can you offer us in the primary school? What fields of artistic expression can you favour? These are some of the questions and reflections raised that motivated this exercise and we try to find out. The third-party students of the Magisterium perform two utilitarian ceramic pieces of different method of forming and finishing, reflecting on artistic education, creation and ceramics own processes. To make them, a complete ceramic process has been completed; staring from previous sketches witch a graphic base of botch shape and textures or motifs, with special emphasis on the basic traces of drawing in childhood, its assimilation and translation into volume (which offer an enormous amount of resources and possibilities), the modelling in red clay in plastic mass, the application of engobes of an elementary range of colours, the essential cooking and its metamorphic transformation. It is pretend, with this exercise, to develop artistic expression through materials and techniques of our history, as well as perception and collective and individual aesthetic sensibility, always from a university context with a focus on primary education and a student in the midst of the development of knowledge focused on exploration, experimentation and creation. Keywords: art, ceramics, clay, art education, culture, infancy

Printed PZT Thick Films Implemented for Functionalized Gas Sensors

Attractive for MEMS, PZT thick films are often microstructured on Si supporting platforms to span the gap between ceramics and thin film technologies. Printing process might lead to lower cost than ceramic process to open routes for MEMS applications. In this paper processing by screen-printing of Au/PZT/Au thick-films supported on alumina or completely released from the substrate are described. Investigations of the film microstructures nevertheless show lower densification than those of bulk ceramics. Prior to selective coating deposition, routes to improve the reduction of the film’s porosity are proposed.

Rice Husk Ash as a Raw Material to Produce Willemite Pigments

This study focuses in the synthesis of ceramic pigments based on the crystal structure of willemite (Zn2SiO4). The willemite obtained from the combination of commercial zinc oxide and rice husk ash is produced in a conventional ceramic process without the use of mineralizer agent and with the addition of cobalt oxide or nickel oxide as the source of chromophore ions. The synthesis temperature used was 1200°C. The characterization of pigments involves the use of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The pigments applied in matte enamel and sintered at 1100°C or 1200°C developed color between blue and beige. The construction of absorbance curves showed the color development behavior of each pigment. The results showed the possibility of obtaining willemite, from rice husk ash and the color development efficiency of the material, besides showing the interference of chromophore ion (Ni and Co) in color development.