Criminological characterisation of violent crimes involving firearms, committed against life and well-being of people

Efficiency of crime preventive measures directly depends on the awareness of law enforcement agents about the object of preventive influence. It is especially important to consider this circumstance in relation to violent infringements. Therefore, knowledge concerning the criminological profile of crimes against life and well-being of people that are committed with firearms, under severe criminogenic conditions in the country, has a special value. As of today, the category “criminological charasteristic of criminality” is yet to receive it’s solid value. Typically, this term consists of descriptions of distinctive features of criminality as a phenomenon, which is composed via analysis of it’s quantitative and qualitative indicators, namely: total amount of offences and perpetrators, coefficient of criminality (coefficients of crime intensity and crime activity), crime dynamics, crime structure, geography of crime and price of crime. In this research a universally recognized model of criminological characteristic was used, which involves such indicators: crime level, crime coefficient, crime dynamics, crime structure, geography of crime, price of crime and level of latency. The purpose of this article is to determine the current state and tendencies of crimes against life and well-being of people involving firearms use in Ukraine. The challenge of this article is to provide a criminological characteristic of this phenomenon under modern conditions. Research results have established a general pattern of lowering levels of certain crimes, qualified by the following articles of Criminal Code of Ukraine: 115 “Homicide”, 116 “Murder commited in the heat of passion”, 118 “Murder in excess of necessary defense or in excess of measures necessary to apprehend an offender”, 119 “Negligent homicide”, 121 “Intended grievous bodily injury”, 122 “Intended bodily injury of medium gravity”, 123 “Intended grievous bodily injury inflicted in the heat of passion”, 124 “Intended grievous bodily injury inflicted in excess of necessary defense or in excess of measures necessary to apprehend an offender”, 125 “Intended minor bodily injury”, 128 “Negligent grievous bodily injury or negligent bodily injury of medium gravity”, 129 “Death threat”

State, structure and dynamics of regional juvenile delinquency

This article is devoted to the study of the state, structure, dynamics of juvenile delinquency in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Crime is a historically changeable social and criminal-legal negative phenomenon, representing a system of crimes committed on a certain territory in that or another period of time. A characteristic feature of adolescent criminality is a high degree of latency, which can also have a bad effect in the understanding of the foundations of society and its internal, psychological development. From the foregoing it is possible to draw a conclusion that crimes committed by teenagers to a large extent act as a predictive characteristic of crime as a whole. The crime of juveniles can be viewed in two senses: broad and narrow understanding. In the broadest sense, juvenile delinquency can be characterized as the entire set of qualitative and quantitative indicators of juvenile delinquency. In a narrow sense, under the crime of juveniles, one can understand the registered criminality of juveniles within a certain interval of time and territory. Key words: crime, minors, geography of crime, theft, structure of crime

Análise espacial aplicada ao estudo do crime: uma abordagem exploratória da distribuição dos atrativos para o crime no espaço urbano de Belo Horizonte / Spatial analysis applied to study of crime: an exploratory approach to the distribution of attractions for crime in the urban space of Belo Horizonte

O artigo é produto de um estudo exploratório sobre a dinâmica da violência urbana em Belo Horizonte. Os dados referem-se aos crimes de roubo registrados em Belo Horizonte no período de 2007 a 2013. Foram utilizadas técnicas estatísticas de análise espacial. Os dados permitem conhecer a dinâmica dos processos e configurações socioespaciais do crime em Belo Horizonte, notadamente dos roubos e os resultados apresentaram que há um padrão referente à concentração de crimes no hipercentro da capital, demonstrando uma correlação espacial com o uso e ocupação do solo referente ao uso comercial, principal atrativo para o crime.Palavras–chave: Geografia do Crime. Roubo. Atrativo.Abstract The article is a product of an exploratory study on the dynamics of urban violence in Belo Horizonte. The data refer to robbery crimes registered in Belo Horizonte from 2007 to 2013. Statistical techniques of spatial analysis were used. The data show the dynamics of the processes and socio-spatial environment of crime in Belo Horizonte, especially of the robbery. The results demonstrate a pattern of crimes concentration in the hypercentre of the capital, indicating the spatial correlation with the commercial activities, main crime attractor.Keywords: Geography of Crime. Robbery. Attraction.