Construction of Three High-Density Genetic Linkage Maps and Dynamic QTL Mapping of Growth Traits in Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)

To provide the theoretical basis for researching growth, development, and molecular marker-assisted breeding of the economically important Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus) using dynamic quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, we constructed three genetic linkage maps from 207 progeny using a new modified genotyping-by-sequencing method. The three maps contained 16,886, 16,548, and 7482 single nucleotide polymorphism markers, respectively, with an average interval of 0.36 cM, 0.45 cM, and 1.00 cM. We identified 148 QTLs related to four growth traits that were located on 25 chromosomes from three growth stages of Yellow River carp. A total of 32, 36, 43, and 37 QTLs were associated with body length, height, width, and weight, respectively. Among them, 47 QTLs were detected for only one growth trait in one stage, but all of the other QTLs were co-localized. Of the 14 main QTLs, 13 were located on chromosome 12, which suggests the presence of growth-related genes on this chromosome. We then detected 17 candidate genes within 50 K upstream and downstream of the 14 main QTLs. This is the first report of the dynamic QTL mapping of growth traits of Yellow River carp, and the results can be used in future studies of growth, development, and molecular-assisted breeding of this species.

Effect of plasma-activated Water on Shewanella putrefaciens populations growth and quality of Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio) fillets

Plasma-activated water (PAW) is a new sanitizer, which has received great attention for application in food industries. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of PAW on the inactivation of Shewanella putrefaciens and quality attributes of Yellow River carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) fillets. The carp fillet samples were immersed in sterile deionized water (SDW) or PAW120 (plasma discharge on the deionized water surface for 120 s) for 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 min, respectively. After being treated by PAW120 for 6 min, the population of Shewanella putrefaciens on carp fillets was significantly decreased by 1.03 log 10 CFU/g ( p < 0.05). Compared with SDW-treated samples, the L * value of carp fillets increased, whereas the a * value was decreased following PAW120 treatment, while there was no significant difference in the b * value ( p > 0.05). Compared with SDW, PAW120 caused no significant changes in sensory properties and texture attributes of carp fillets including hardness, springiness, gumminess, and cohesiveness ( p > 0.05). However, for 6-min treatment of PAW120 caused a significant increase in the lipid oxidation level and a decrease in the pH value of the carp fillets. This work provides a basis for the potential application of PAW in the preservation of aquatic products.