Synthesis of a Novel Highly Efficient Flame-Retardant Coating for Cotton Fabrics With Low Combustion Toxicity and Antibacterial Properties

Synthesis of multi-function flame retardants is widely increasing to fulfil industrial and economic goals. In this work, a novel flame retardant, melamine salt of tannic phosphate (MTP) was prepared and characterized. MTP was mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution and used as a coating for cotton fabrics. In addition, tannic acid (TA) and melamine phosphate (MP) were mixed with PVA solution and applied as a coating for cotton fabrics. Vertical and horizontal flammability tests showed that the flame did not propagate in samples treated with PVA/MTP. In contrast, samples treated with PVA/TA/MP burnt completely. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) data indicated that samples treated with PVA/30%MTP reached LOI value 68.4%, while control sample had LOI value 17.1%. Smoke density results presented that PVA/MTP succeeded in reducing the maximum specific optical density (Ds max) of cotton fabrics. FTIR gas analyzer results manifested that addition of PVA/MTP to cotton fabrics decreased the emission of CO, CO2, C3H8, C2H6, C6H14 and formaldehyde in the gas phase. Fractional effective dose (FED) and lethal toxic potency (LC50) showed that samples coated with PVA/MTP are less toxic than blank. In addition, these fabrics exhibited a remarkable antibacterial property against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

STUDY OF FERMENTATION PROCESSES OF POULTRY EXCRETA UNDER THE IMPACT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE ADDITIVE “MEFOSFON”

In article the current problem of agriculture – utilization of livestock waste is considered. Heads of the enterprises are interested in introduction of the low-cost schemes of utilization allowing to process into short terms waste in safe products. In this work it is considered the possibility of processing of waste by means of the Mefosfon dietary supplement representing melamine salt encore (oxymethyl) of fosfinovy acid. The possibility of acceleration of process of "maturing" of navoz due to stimulation of microbic activity in waste is supposed. Results of a research of fermentation of a bespodstilochny chicken dung and dung are given in an opilochny laying with Mefosfon's addition and Baikal-EM1. The intensity of process of biodestruction of nitrogen-containing connections was estimated on change of maintenance of ions of ammonium (NH4+) which was determined by a photocolorimetric method by Romashkevich. Acceleration of processes of ammonification at addition in medicine Mefosfon waste is shown. Reduction of concentration of ammoniyny nitrogen in the samples processed by Melafen in combination with the microbic medicine Baikal-EM1 up to 30% in 4 months of an experiment is recorded. Biotesting of experimental tests has shown decrease in toxicity of a dung with III to the IV class. At the same time it was noted that the negative impact on hydrobionts of the tests processed by medicines was lower than 1,5-2 times of control tests without processing medicines.