Synergistic effects between iron-graphene and melamine salt of pentaerythritol phosphate on flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1508-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xilei Chen ◽  
Cuiyong Ma ◽  
Chuanmei Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Melamine Salt

Flame Retardant Polyethylene with Intumescent System Containing Macromolecule-Encapsulated Low Molecular Weight Charring Agent

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meifang Liu ◽  
Xing Huang ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Charring Agent ◽  
Optimum Formula ◽  
Intumescent System

Intumescent flame retardants are important halogen-free products used in polyethylene. However, their thermal stability and water-resistance are major shortcomings. In this work, a composite charring agent, pentaerythritol (PER) encapsulated by thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was used in an intumescent system to improve the flame retardancy of high density polyethylene (HDPE). The encapsulation of macromolecular charring agent TPU can effectively suppress the esterification reaction of PER and acid source in the intumescent system during processing. It can also remarkably decrease the water absorption, thus producing flame retardant HDPE with high performance. The synergistic effects of other common flame retardants including melamine phosphate, melamine polyphosphate and ammonium polyphosphate with TPU-encapsulated PER, as well as the ratio of charring agent to acid source were investigated so as to determine the optimum formula for use in HDPE. The flame retardant HDPE can reach limiting oxygen index of 33 and achieve UL-94 V-0 rating at 3.2 mm thickness when the ratio of MP/composite charring agent is 2:1 w/w.

Synergistic effects of red phosphorus masterbatch with expandable graphite on the flammability and thermal stability of polypropylene/thermoplastic polyurethane blends

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wang ◽  
Lingtong Li ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Xiaolang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Expandable Graphite ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Red Phosphorus ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Ul 94

The flammability characterization and synergistic effects of red phosphorus masterbatch (RPM) with expandable graphite (EG) in flame-retardant polypropylene (PP)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites are investigated by limiting oxygen index, UL-94 testing, cone calorimeter tests, thermal gravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the flame retardancy of PP/TPU/EG/RPM composites is greatly influenced by RPM. The synergistic effects between RPM and EG take place in the flame-retardant composites. The presence of RPM with EG decreases significantly the heat release rates and total heat release, and UL-94 V-0 rating is achieved when suitable amount of RPM substitutes for EG in the PP/TPU/EG/RPM composites. The T onset and T 10 wt% of the composites are improved because of the presence of RPM. The FTIR spectra show that the incorporation of RPM improves the thermo-oxidative stability of PP/TPU at higher temperatures. The morphological observations indicate the reinforcement of thermal stability, and flame-retardant performance is attributed to the compact and stable char layers promoted by RPM with EG acted as an effective heat barrier and thermal insulation.

Synergistic effects between [Emim]PF6 and aluminum hypophosphite on flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (71) ◽  
pp. 67409-67417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xilei Chen ◽  
Cuiyong Ma ◽  
Chuanmei Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Aluminum Hypophosphite ◽  
Synergistic Agent

Synergistic flame retardancy of ionic liquid ([Emim]PF6) and AHP on TPU has been studied. AHP was used as the main flame retardant and [Emim]PF6 was used as the catalytic/synergistic agent.

Study of Synergistic Effects of Cerium Oxide on Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene System

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Ya Li Wang ◽  
Xiao Ping Tang ◽  
Xu Dong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Reasonable Amount ◽  
Melamine Salt ◽  
Impact Tester ◽  
Synergistic Agent ◽  
Pendulum Impact

Melamine salt of pentaerythritol phosphate (PPM) was synthesized with phosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and melamine. This flame retardant polypropylene containing cerium oxide (CeO2) can be used as a synergistic agent for the flame retardancy of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system. The pendulum impact tester and universal material machine were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of intmescent flame retardant system, the limiting oxygen index (LOI), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to evaluate the synergistic effects of CeO2. The LOI value of the system increased when reasonable amount of CeO2 was added, and it reached maximum (30%) when the mass fraction of PPM was 20% and CeO2 added was 1% of the PPM/PP system. The TGA data shows that CeO2 can enhance the thermal stability of the intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system at high temperature and effectively increase the char residue formation. The morphological structures observed with SEM demonstrate that reasonable amount of CeO2 can improve the morphologies of intumescent char layer and the properties of heat insulation and barrier material. The reasonable amount of CeO2 in the system can increase its impact strength and decrease its tensile properties.

The Analysis of Synergistic Effects of Zeolites applied in Intumescent Halogen-free Flame-retardant ABS Composites

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Xia ◽  
S. Liu ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
Y. Han ◽  
J. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Halogen Free
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