Polyphenol rich mung bean (Vigna radiata) yogurt for obesity prevention

This study was aimed to obtain yogurt formula rich in antioxidant phenolic and soluble protein of mung beans. Mung beans were washed, soaked, and then drained. With a ratio of 1:8, mung-beans and water, blended, and then filtered to produce mung beans juice. Mung beans yogurt (Mungbe-Yo) were made with the proportion of mung bean juice and skim milk were 100:0; 95:5; 90:10, and 85:15, before added with sugar as much as 10%, pasteurized in a 70°C temperature for 20 mins. After that, each Mungbe-Yo formula was cooled to 45°C, then added lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a starter, as much as 2% and 4%, followed by incubation at room temperature for 24 hrs. Sensory tests included color, taste, flavor, and viscosity were performed by fifty-five panelists on a 5-point score basis. Antioxidant phenolic content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, while soluble protein was using the Lowry method. The highest score and most likable color, flavor, viscosity, and taste by panelists were formula P3B2, it was not different significantly with P3B1, P2B1, P2B2, and P1B2 (p>0.05). The proportion of mung bean juice-skim milk and LAB significantly affected the total phenolic and soluble protein (P<0.05), meanwhile its interaction was also statistically significant (P<0.05). Using effectivity index, the best Mungbe-Yo formula according to its total phenol and soluble protein content, as well as sensory was P3B1 formula, which was 85% mung bean juice, 15% skim milk and 2% LAB, containing phenolics and soluble protein were 525.958±48.9 mg GAE/L and 43.179±1.87%, respectively. Mungbe-Yo is suitable for individuals with obesity.

Nonstrict methods for a posteriori error estimation

The paper is devoted to comparison of a posteriori methods (based on the precomputed solutions) for approximation error estimation. Rigorous a posteriori error estimation for computational Fluid Dynamics at present is practically impossible due to nonlinearity and the discontinuities that may occur and migrate along the flow field. In this situation, several nonstrict (weak) forms of a posteriori estimation of the approximation error may be considered. They either do not provide the error norm estimation in the form of inequalities or provide values of the effectivity index to be less than unit. The best quality of estimates are provided by the Richardson extrapolation, unfortunately for the cost of extremely high computational burden. We pay the special attention to the nonstrict methods that either cannot be presented in a form of inequalities, or demonstrate the effectivity index of an estimator to be below unit. Several new, computationally inexpensive methods for both the point-wise error and the error norm estimation are considered. They are nonintrusive, realized by postprocessing and provide a successful compromise of the reliability and computational efforts. Methods based on the use of an ensemble of independent solutions can be implemented by constructing a generalized computational experiment, which sharply increases the speed and efficiency of the assessment.

E-Diplomacy on Twitter. International Comparison of Strategies and Effectivity

The primary aim of this article is to analyze the Twitter communication strategy and its efficiency. The authors took into consideration four Ministers of foreign affairs from Great Britain, Poland, Ukraine, and Russia (their private accounts have also been examined). However, considering that Ministers of Poland and Russia did not have their own Twitter accounts (Witold Waszczykowski and Siergiej Lawrow), authors decided to analyze private accounts of Great Britain’s and Ukrainian’s Ministers (Boris Johnson and Pavlo Klimkin). All examined profiles are accredited. Because of the popularity of Twitter and the appearance of the new type of diplomacy, which involves social networking sites, the authors attempted to make a qualitative and quantitative analysis of given accounts. The results present the effectivity index and also show that spontaneously published messages on social media have a significant impact on how state institutions convey content. What is more, the qualitative and quantitative analysis and the effectivity index allows to present the tools needed for e-diplomacy on Twitter.

Studi Tentang Preferensi Konsumen, Sifat Fisiko Kimia dan Nilai Organoleptik Sei Daging Babi asal Kupang (Nusa Tenggara Timur)

<p class="p1">Pork sei is a meat product from Kupang (East Nusa Tenggara) that produced traditionally using curing and smoking methods. The purpose of this study was to observe consumer preference, physico-chemical and organoleptic properties of pork sei which is currently very popular in East Nusa <span class="s1">Tenggara. </span>The research was carried out by the method of observation and experiment using Completely Randomized Design with three replications. <span class="s1">The observations were carried out on four </span>restaurants and pork sei consumer in Kupang. Variables measured were moisture, protein, fat and carbohydrate contents, pH, and organoleptic test including color, texture, taste and tenderness. The results showed that there was no significant difference among pork sei originated from the four selected restaurants on fat content, carbohydrate content, pH, texture and tenderness. However, the protein content, taste and color were different significantly (P &lt; 0.05). <span class="s2">Based on the effectivity index </span>analysis, it can be concluded that the best samples was originated from restaurant A.</p>

Studi Tentang Preferensi Konsumen, Sifat Fisiko Kimia dan Nilai Organoleptik Sei Daging Babi asal Kupang (Nusa Tenggara Timur)

<p class="p1">Pork sei is a meat product from Kupang (East Nusa Tenggara) that produced traditionally using curing and smoking methods. The purpose of this study was to observe consumer preference, physico-chemical and organoleptic properties of pork sei which is currently very popular in East Nusa <span class="s1">Tenggara. </span>The research was carried out by the method of observation and experiment using Completely Randomized Design with three replications. <span class="s1">The observations were carried out on four </span>restaurants and pork sei consumer in Kupang. Variables measured were moisture, protein, fat and carbohydrate contents, pH, and organoleptic test including color, texture, taste and tenderness. The results showed that there was no significant difference among pork sei originated from the four selected restaurants on fat content, carbohydrate content, pH, texture and tenderness. However, the protein content, taste and color were different significantly (P &lt; 0.05). <span class="s2">Based on the effectivity index </span>analysis, it can be concluded that the best samples was originated from restaurant A.</p>

Symmetry-Free, p-Robust Equilibrated Error Indication for the hp-Version of the FEM in Nearly Incompressible Linear Elasticity

We consider the extension of the p-robust equilibrated error estimator due to Braess, Pillwein and Schöberl to linear elasticity. We derive a formulation where the local mixed auxiliary problems do not require symmetry of the stresses. The resulting error estimator is p-robust, and the reliability estimate is also robust in the incompressible limit if quadratics are included in the approximation space. Extensions to other systems of linear second-order partial differential equations are discussed. Numerical simulations show only moderate deterioration of the effectivity index for a Poisson ratio close to .