Groundwater Mapping of Total Coliform Contamination in Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Groundwater is a pivotal resource to supply clean and drinking water besides surface water. In Indonesia, there are various issues regarding groundwater quality and quantity. By increasing population growth has an impact on groundwater quality, such as generated pathogen contamination. To prevent groundwater pollution was used sanitation facilities were called communal WWTPs. Unfortunately, most WWTPs were not performing optimal, and some had already stopped operating. This study aimed to display groundwater quality using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) for 2018 to 2019 in the Sleman Region of Yogyakarta Province. The spatial analysis was completed by observation and interview methods. The total coliform number was measured from 29 monitoring wells. The results explained that compared to 2018, groundwater quality in 2019 showed a decrease in contamination by pathogenic bacteria. Groundwater flows also shown the spread of contamination from north to the south area. The distance between monitoring well and septic tank or WWTPs outlet, depth, and the physical condition were substantial factors for spreading the contamination.

Integrated Geoelectric and Hydrogeochemical Survey to Analyze the Potential of Underground Water in Solok, West Sumatra, Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to recommend to the government about the appropriate land use based on geoelectric and hydrochemical works. The results were supposed to be used as models for effective land use. During the study, a groundwater survey using a geoelectrical method was conducted and was used to map an aquifer flow. In general, Solok groundwater mapping was meant to provide information necessary to optimize follow-up activities for the use of clean water. It was also intended to minimize the negative impacts of exploitation and utilization of groundwater. This research aimed to provide information on groundwater conditions in Solok. It focused on the survey of groundwater sources, the inversion of measurement data on Sclumberger electrode configuration geoelectric in thirteen districts, and chemical analysis of pH, Fe, Nitrite, and DHL. The results show there was a great potential for groundwater-unconfined aquifers.

Características Hidrogeológicas e Vulnerabilidade à Contaminação das Unidades Aquíferas da Bacia Hidrográfica dos Córregos Amaral e Brilhante - Jaciara (MT) (Hydrogeological features and vulnerability to contamination of aquifer units in ...)

O aumento na demanda por água e o aumento da poluição compromete a qualidade natural das águas subterrâneas. O conhecimento da dinâmica hidrogeológica em aquíferos é importante para analisar o grau de vulnerabilidade desse sistema, bem como identificar e monitorar as fontes potenciais de poluição. Com base nesta preocupação os objetivos desse trabalho foram identificar, caracterizar e mapear as unidades aquíferas da bacia hidrográfica dos Córregos Amaral e Brilhante (Jaciara, Mato Grosso, Brasil), bem como, determinar a vulnerabilidade à contaminação das unidades aquíferas utilizando o método de G.O.D (Groundwater occurrence, Overall lithology of the unsaturated zone, Depth to the water table). Os mapas foram produzidos na escala 1:50.000. Os resultados mostram que nos 339,56 km2 da bacia ocorrem os aquíferos Cachoeirinha, Furnas e Ponta Grossa e a atividade agrícola predominante é o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar. Foi verificado também que o aquífero Cachoeirinha é do tipo poroso livre e apresenta extrema vulnerabilidade e ocupa 74,01% da área. O aquífero Furnas também é do tipo poroso livre apresenta média vulnerabilidade e ocupa 25,73% da área. O aquífero Ponta Grossa é do tipo misto apresenta baixa vulnerabilidade e ocupa somente 0,26% da área total da bacia. A B S T R A C TThe increase in the demand for water and the increase of pollution compromise the natural quality of groundwater. The knowledge of the hydrogeological dynamics in aquifers it is basic importance to analyze the degree of vulnerability of this system, as well as identifying the potential sources of pollution. For this reason, this work aims to identify, characterize and map the aquifer units of the Amaral and Brilhante (Jaciara, Mato Grosso, Brazil) river basin, as well as assess the vulnerability to pollution of these aquifer units using G.O.D method (Groundwater occurrence, Overall lithology of the unsaturated zone, Depth to the water table). The studied basin has an area of 339.56 km²; the maps ave been created in a 1: 50.000 scale. The results show the occurrence of Cachoeirinha, Furnas and Ponta Grossa aquifers. It has been found out that sugarcane crops are predominant in the area, that the Cachoeirinha aquifer can be classified as belonging to the free porous type, that it is extremely vulnerable and occupies 74.01% of the region; the Furnas aquifer is also a free porous type aquifer, presents an average vulnerability and occupies 25.73% of the region. Finally, the Ponta Grossa aquifer belongs to the the mixed type and presents low vulnerability, occupying only 0.26% of the region. Keywords: Groundwater, mapping, risk of pollution.