MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRICAL FEATURES IN DUNALIELLA SALINA (CHLAMYDOMONADALES, DUNALIELLACEAE) DURING THE TWO-PHASE CULTIVATION MODE

The paper presents studies of morphological and morphometrical characteristics of green halophilic carotenogenic microalga Dunaliella salina (Dunal) Teodoresco, 1905, from the south-west region of Crimean Peninsula. D. salina was cultivated in two-phase mode under conditions of natural illumination at the premises of A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS (IBSS), Sevastopol, Russia. The maximum D. salina cell density was 1.69·106 cell/ml in the “green” phase and 0.84·106 cell/ml in the “red” growth phase. The maximum productivity by cell number reached 0.15 ∙ 106 cell/(ml·day)in the “green” phase while it was lower by 73% in the “red” phase (0.04∙106 cell/(ml·day). Along with the maximum productivity, linear growth stage in the first phase was characterized by a maximum fraction of small (up to 500 μm3 in volume) cells (about 15-29%) and a decrease in cell volume by 40-45% as compared with initial value. The mean of D. salina cell volume in the “red” phase was 30% higher than in the “green” phase. At the same time, the large cell fraction in the “red” phase was consistently high (15-35%). The patterns of change in morphological and morphometrical cell parameters were in accordance to stage and conditions of growth. Thus, cell elongation was noted in the stage of linear growth, while under unfavorable conditions at growth-declining stage cells became more round-shaped, with orange and tile-red coloration and granulation of cell content. It was shown that morphological and morphometric cell parameters can serve as additional criteria for assessment of physiological condition in D. salina culture. The experiment demonstrated the prospects for two-stage D. salina cultivation in Crimea.

Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Lutein Dunaliella salina pada Salinitas yang Berbeda

Dunaliella salina adalah salah satu mikroalga yang mengandung pigmen lutein. Lutein memiliki manfaat sebagai antioksidan untuk melawan radikal bebas pada mata. Pertumbuhan mikroalga dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor lingkungan, salah satunya adalah salinitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan salinitas terbaik guna mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan dan produksi pigmen lutein pada D. salina. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratoris. Mikroalga D. salina dikultivasi dengan lima perlakuan salinitas yang berbeda yaitu 20, 25, 30, 35, dan 40 ppt. Pertumbuhan sel D. salina diamati selama 9 x 24 jam kemudian dipanen untuk perhitungan biomassanya. Biomassa basah hasil kultivasi diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut aseton. Ekstrak aseton D. salina kemudian dianalisis kandungan pigmen luteinnya secara spektrofotometrik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan salinitas berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan sel dan kandungan pigmen lutein D. salina. Pertumbuhan sel D. salina optimum pada perlakuan salinitas 30 ppt,yaitu sebesar 125,86 x 104 sel/mL, sedangkan untuk kandungan pigmen lutein D. salina diproduksi optimum pada salinitas 25 ppt, yaitu sebesar 0,0077 µg/g. Dunaliella salina is a microalga containing lutein pigment. Lutein has the role of being an antioxidant to fight free radicals in the eye. Microalgae growth is influenced by a variety of environmental factors, such as salinity. The purpose of this research is to determine the best salinity to optimize the growth and production of lutein pigments in D. salina. The method used in this research was a laboratory experiment. Microalgae D.salina was cultivated with five different salinity treatments, which 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 ppt. Growth of D. salina cells was observed for 9 x 24 hours and then harvested for the biomass determination. The wet biomass from the cultivation results was extracted using acetone solvent. D. salina acetone extract was then analyzed for its lutein pigment content spectrophotometrically. The results showed that salinity treatment had a significant effect on cell growth and pigment content of lutein D. salina. The optimum growth of D. salina cell is optimally achieved in 30 ppt salinity treatment at the amount of 125,86 x 104 cell/mL, while for the lutein pigment content of D. salina is optimally achieved in 25 ppt salinity at the amount of 0,0077 µg/g.

Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Ikan Nila Salina (Oreochromis sp.) Sebagai Varietas Baru Budidaya Perikanan

Salina is a high salinity tolerant hybrid tilapia seed of genetic improvement that can grow well in brackish water that has salinity more than 20ppt or even in marine water with salinity up to 32ppt through the utilization of character euryhaline tilapia. Salina has been oficially by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries in March 2014 based on the Decree of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22/KEPMEN-KP/2014 on the Release of Salina Tilapia with commercial name Salina (Saline Tolerance Indonesian Tilapia). This study aimed to identify the financial feasibility as well as internal and external Salina culture factors in order to formulate the development strategy of Salina tilapia culture. The method used was quantitative descriptive analysiswhich consists of a matrix Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), External Factor Evaluation (EFE),Internal-External (IE), Strength-Weakness-Opportunities-Threats(SWOT), andAnalytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a decision-making methods. The instruments used in the financial analysis were BEP, NPV, IRR, Net B/C Ratio, and PP. Based on financial analysis, Salina culture was feasible. While the result of the calculation of IFE is 2.18 and EFE is 3.10, positioning the Salina cell II. The results of the AHP assessment stated that the strategic priority of the strategy was to conduct promotional and socialization activities to introduce Salina as well as to attract public interest and increase demand.