Exploring Sex Differences in the Effectiveness of Telehealth-Based Health Coaching in Weight Management in an Employee Population

Purpose: To explore a telehealth-based lifestyle therapeutics (THBC) program on weight loss (WL) and program satisfaction in an employer population. Design: This study was a collaboration between inHealth Lifestyle Therapeutics and a large national employer group including 685 participants (296 women [64% obese] and 389 men [62% obese]). Measures: Percent WL and subjective rating (Perceived Program Value measured by a questionnaire) were assessed. Intervention: Average number of visits was 3.1 ± 0.4; each visit ranged between 20 and 45 minutes. Analysis: This study utilized a 2 × 2 block design using analysis of variance techniques based on sex (male and female) and initial body mass index (BMI) category (overweight and obese) tested at P ≤ .05. Results: There was no statistical difference in %WL between by sex ( F 1,681 = 0.398, P = .528) nor an interaction between sex and BMI ( F 1,681 = 0.809, P = .369). There was a statistically significant difference in %WL from pre to post program across initial BMI category ( F 1,681 = 13.707, P ≤ .001) with obese participants losing an average of 1.1% (0.5%-1.6%) more than overweight participants (overweight 2.5% [2.1%-3.0%] vs obese 3.6% [3.2%-3.9%]). Obese participants were 1.15 (1.07-1.25) times more likely to lose weight compared to overweight participants. Analysis of variance power analysis indicated sufficient power on minimum factor combination n = 106 ( Effect Size = 0.282). Conclusion: Results support the efficacy THBC in supporting WL with no reported differences between men and women, while having a high perceived value for employee participants.

Modificación de la composición corporal y del gasto energético en mujeres jóvenes tras un programa de entrenamiento aeróbico (Modification of body composition and energy expenditure in young women after an aerobic training program)

Este estudio tiene como objetivo principal analizar como un programa de doce semanas de entrenamiento aeróbico afecta a la composición corporal y a la cantidad de actividad física de mujeres jóvenes con sobrepeso u obesidad. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 14 mujeres de 23,14±3,01 años e inicialmente con un 27,86±1,92 kg/m2 de índice de masa corporal (IMC). El entrenamiento se llevó a cabo durante doce semanas, ejecutándolo tres veces por semana y un tiempo de entre 60 y 90 minutos por sesión. Antes y después del programa se les hizo una evaluación antropométrica y realizaron el cuestionario IPAQ-SF. Los datos se clasificaron como sedentarios, ligeros, moderados o intensos según las recomendaciones generales de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se concluye que el entrenamiento aeróbico de doce semanas en mujeres jóvenes con sobrepeso u obesidad puede producir una disminución en sus hábitos sedentarios, así como una pérdida de peso, de masa grasa e IMC y un aumento de su masa magra y de esta forma poder influir en su calidad de vida y además en la mejora de su salud.Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze how a twelve-week aerobic training program affected body composition and amount of physical activity in overweight or obese young women. The sample consisted of 14 women aged 23,14 ± 3,01 years old and with an initial body mass index (BMI) of 27,86±1,92 kg/m2 . The training was carried out for twelve weeks, running three times a week with a duration between 60 and 90 minutes per session. Before and after the program their anthropometric data was measured, as well as the IPAQ-SF questionnaire was filled in. The data were classified as sedentary, light, moderate, or intense according to the general recommendations of the World Health Organization. As a conclusion, twelve-week aerobic training in young women who are overweight or obese can cause a decrease in their sedentary habits, as well as a loss of weight, fat mass, and BMI, together with an increase in their lean mass; thus it may be able to influence their quality of life as well as to improve their health.

A Provegetarian Food Pattern Emphasizing Preference for Healthy Plant-Derived Foods Reduces the Risk of Overweight/Obesity in the SUN Cohort

Provegetarian diets (i.e., preference for plant-derived foods but not exclusion of animal foods) have been associated with a reduced risk of long-term weight gain and could be more easily embraced than strict vegetarian diets. However, not all plant-derived foods are equally healthy. In the “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) cohort, we prospectively evaluated the association between different provegetarian food patterns and the incidence of overweight/obesity in 11,554 participants with initial body mass index <25 kg/m2. A provegetarian food pattern (FP) was built by assigning positive scores to plant foods and reverse scores to animal foods. A healthful and an unhealthful provegetarian FP, which distinguished between healthy (fruits/vegetables/whole grains/nuts/legumes/olive oil/coffee) and less-healthy plant foods (fruit juices/potatoes/refined grains/pastries/sugary beverages), were also built. A total of 2320 new cases of overweight or obesity were identified after a median follow-up of 10.3 years. Higher baseline conformity with the overall provegetarian FP was inversely associated with overweight/obesity (HR comparing extreme quintiles: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75 to 0.96; p-trend: 0.014). This association was stronger for the healthful FP (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.67 to 0.90; p-trend: <0.001) and was not apparent for the unhealthful FP (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.92 to 1.23; p-trend: 0.551). In a large prospective cohort of relatively young adults, better conformity with a healthy provegetarian diet was associated with a reduced long-term risk of overweight/obesity, whereas no consistent trend was found for a FP that emphasized less-healthy plant foods.

ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN TNF-Α, IL-6, IL-8 IN PATIENTS WITH INCREASED BODY MASS INDEX AND POLYTRAUMA

It is known that adipose tissue is the site of the formation of proinflammatory cytokines - tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and some interleukins. The aim of our work was to analyze changes in the level of TNF-α, interleukins 6, 8 (IL-6, IL-8) in the blood serum of 224 patients with an increased body mass index who had a polytrauma with different initial body mass index through the period of 1 day – 1 year since the moment of injury. It has been revealed that patients with a BMI of ≤ 29.9 are characterized by an increase in the control numbers of IL-6 from day 1 to day 7, an increase in the level of IL-8 from day 1 to day 3, and an increase in the level of TNF-α from day 1 to day 3. For patients with obesity II - III, an excess of IL-6 was detected from day 1 to day 30, an increase in the level of IL-8 from day 1 to day 3, and an increase in the level of TNF-α from day 1 to day 30. Patients with a BMI ≥ 40.0 demonstrate an increase in the IL-6 control figures during the year from the moment of receiving polytrauma, followed by a decrease to the 360th day, an increase in the level of IL-8 from day 1 to day 3, an increase in the TNF level -α from the day 1 to day 3. It has been found out that the indicators we studied directly reflect the adaptation status of patients with increased body mass index and polytrauma, which presentation depends on the body mass index, that is, on the amount of adipose tissue. It is apparent that it is pro-inflammatory cytokinins - IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α that are able to simulate the expected result, as they determine vigilance, stimulation or inhibition of growth, including immune cells, their differentiation, and functional activation.

EXPERIENCE OF THE SUCCESSFUL USING OF VACUUM THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF GASTRIC LEAK AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY: CASE REPORT

Gastric leak is the most dangerous postoperative complication of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Traditional surgical treatment options and endoscopic stent placement are not always successful. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) has shown itself like a new successful and feasible treatment option for leaks of different etiology after gastro-esophageal surgery.The initial body mass index (BMI) of the patient was 46 and co-morbidity was represented: arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. NPWT was initiated in 14 days after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. The abdominal part of the system were changed 3 times for14 days. The patient was discharged from the hospital in 14 days after the secondary sutures to the wound. No relevant complications related to the procedure were observed during the course of the vacuum therapy. It combines defect closure, effective drainage and allows doing a periodic inspection of the wound cavity. NPWT is a successful, safety and effective treatment option for the leaks after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

The Effect of Adherence to Dietary Tracking on Weight Loss: Using HLM to Model Weight Loss over Time

The role of dietary tracking on weight loss remains unexplored despite being part of multiple diabetes and weight management programs. Hence, participants of the Diabetes Prevention and Management (DPM) program (12 months, 22 sessions) tracked their food intake for the duration of the study. A scatterplot of days tracked versus total weight loss revealed a nonlinear relationship. Hence, the number of possible tracking days was divided to create the 3 groups of participants: rare trackers (<33% total days tracked), inconsistent trackers (33–66% total days tracked), and consistent trackers (>66% total days tracked). After controlling for initial body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, and gender, only consistent trackers had significant weight loss (−9.99 pounds), following a linear relationship with consistent loss throughout the year. In addition, the weight loss trend for the rare and inconsistent trackers followed a nonlinear path, with the holidays slowing weight loss and the onset of summer increasing weight loss. These results show the importance of frequent dietary tracking for consistent long-term weight loss success.