Modeling the systematic behavior at the micro and nano length scales

The assessment of the systematic behavior based on frequentist statistics was analyzed in the context of micro/nano metrology. The proposed method is in agreement with the well-known GUM recommendations. The investigation assessed three different case studies with definition of model equations and establishment of the traceability. The systematic behavior was modeled in Sq roughness parameters and step height measurements obtained from different types of optical microscopes, and in comparison with a calibrated contact instrument. The sequence of case studies demonstrated the applicability of the method to micrographs when their elements are averaged. Moreover, a number of influence factors, which are typical causes of inaccuracy at the micro and nano length scales, were analyzed in relation to the correction of the systematic behavior, viz. the amount of repeated measurements, the time sequence of the acquired micrographs and the instrument-operator chain. The possibility of applying the method individually to the elements of the micrographs was instead proven not convenient and too onerous for the industry. Eventually, the method was also examined against the framework of the metrological characteristics defined in ISO 25178-600 with hints on possible future developments.

Development of Hydrophobic Microporous Isotactic Polypropylene Membrane for Membrane Contactor Application

Membrane Contactor (MC) is a well-known membrane technology to provide significant advantages required by industries. For MC, a hydrophobic membrane required as a barrier so that liquid absorbent and flue gaseous do not disperse with one another. However, the major concern in hydrophobic membrane is getting swelling by liquid after a short operating period. To minimize the swelling, this study focused on the exploration on membrane fabrication by Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS). As the immersion in solvents is one of the important step to extract the diluent from membranes pores, the effect of the immersion in methanol was studied. The productions of hydrophobic microporous flat sheets were accomplished by using isotactic Polypropylene (iPP) and two type diluents: Dipenyl Ether (DPE) and Methyl Salicylate (MS). The measurement of hydophobicity of membranes produced was conducted by Test System of JY-82 Video Contact Instrument. Membranes produced were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The highest hydrophobicity obtained were 124°(three hours immersed in methanol) and 107° (two hours immersed in methanol) by DPE and MS respectively. All membranes show spherical pores, indicating that membranes were formed via liquid-liquid TIPS and strong bond alkane group by Infrared (IR) spectras show that the membranes produce did not change when undergo TIPS process.

Controlled Preparation of Microporous Polymer Membrane by Simple Biodegradation Method

A microporous poly(vinyl alcohol)/Starch composite polymer membrane was successfully synthesized by a biodegradation method. Effects of different poly(vinyl alcohol)/Starch compositions on the porous structures of the porous polymer membranes were further investigated in detail. The characteristic properties of PVA/ Starch composite polymer membranes were systematically studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SL200B angle of contact instrument and Sturm test. The result shows the formation of 1μm-10μm microporous in the blend polymer membrane, which strongly depended on the content of starch in the blend. This method is convenient and will greatly promote the practical application of porous polymer membranes in various areas.

The Micro-Structure of the Castor Stalk Based Panel

Castor- stalk is one kind of excellent wood materials can be used to make the wood based panel and substitute for the wood resource, reducing the pollution caused by castor stalk-burnt. The properties of the castor stalk based fiber panel are better than the properties of the castor stalk based particle panel made under the same techniques. It studied the infiltrating-characters, the radicals-concentration and the micro-structure of the castor stalk based panel with highly effective surface tension and angle of contact instrument, Electron spin resonating spectrum instrument (ESR) and Scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The results show that the wetting-soakage and the radicals-concentration of the castor fiber are worse than those of the castor particle. The micro-structure of the castor fiber is complete and smooth without crevasse in the castor stalk based fiber panel. But the micro-structure of the castor fiber is not complete and is bruised in the castor stalk based particle panel. So it show that the properties of the castor stalk based particle board are worse than those of the castor stalk based fiber board caused by the micro-structure changed maybe.