Peculiarities in computation of mode parameters and qualitative indices of ring joining surface lapping in flanges of manufacturing equipment

Peculiarities in the computation of cutting modes and power parameter choice during flange ring surface lapping on flat-bed smooth finish machines for joining pipeline equipment to pipes or manufacturing equipment are shown. There are defined qualitative indices of surfaces worked in above-mentioned parts requiring a high degree of sealing.

Awards recipients at APPEA 2019

Alan Prince Award for Best Peer Reviewed Paper published in the 2019 APPEA Journal Joe Edgell (ERM), Jeremy Colman (ERM), Samantha Jarvis (S2 Services) and Ollie Glade-Wright (Cooper Energy) for Demonstrating an acceptable level of impact: an assessment of noise impacts to fishes from a seismic survey in an Australian Marine Park Best Extended Abstract published in the APPEA 2019 Conference Proceedings Graeme Bethune and Rick Wilkinson (EnergyQuest) for Gas markets – a bridge too far? Best Oral Presentation at the APPEA 2019 Conference Gero Farruggio (Rystad Energy) for Renewed energy in Asia’s upstream sector Best Poster Presentation at the APPEA 2019 Conference Peter Downey, Jon Thomas and Mark Stone (Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Energy) for From initial advice statement to export – a 10 year retrospective of Queensland’s liquefied natural gas industry 2019 APPEA Safety Project Excellence Award – Subsea7 2019 APPEA Safety Company Excellence Award – BHP 2019 APPEA Environment Project Excellence Award – Santos 2019 APPEA Environment Company Excellence Award – Woodside Best Custom Build of the APPEA 2019 Exhibition – INPEX Best Shell Scheme Stand of the APPEA 2019 Exhibition – Tremco Pipeline Equipment

Alternatives to the venting of natural gas: Adsorbed Natural Gas (ANG) gas capture

With growing concerns about environmental emissions, the natural gas industry is taking the lead in developing greater understanding of leakage and venting from natural gas systems. Emissions of natural gas from gas transmission networks originate from a number of sources including infrastructure failure, operational/process venting, and fugitive leakage from pipeline equipment. Process venting and maintenance operations often result in significant emissions to the atmosphere. National Grid Gas Transmission has developed a project with GL Noble Denton to investigate and develop technological options to reduce venting of natural gas. One technology developed for gas capture from venting operations is ANG. Here, a storage vessel is filled with a suitable adsorbent material. Activated carbon's large micropore volume and its ability to form densely packed beds make it a suitable adsorbent. When filled to the same pressure, the energy density will be greater than that of the same vessel without the adsorbent. At 35 bar pipeline pressure, ANG can store about half the amount of compressed natural gas at 200 barg. The operation of gas transmission network compressor sites means they vent gas in an unpredictable manner, responding to overall system demands and network flows. Techno-economic analysis has shown the lowest carbon footprint and best economic viability is by using ANG technology. Captured gas can be reused in a variety of downstream applications. Other benefits of ANG include safer, lower operating pressures compared with compressed natural gas (CNG), reduced environmental impact, design flexibility, and lower capital and operating costs.

OIL SPILL RESPONSE AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE BTC PIPELINE SYSTEM IN TURKEY

ABSTRACT The BTC (Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan) Project includes a 42 in (107 cm) crude oil pipeline extending west from the Caspian Sea across Azerbaijan (433 km, 260 mi), through Georgia (250 km, 150 mi), and then southward through eastern Turkey (1076 km, 645 mi) to a new marine terminal at Ceyhan on the Mediterranean Sea. In Turkey, the pipeline crosses significant mountainous terrain (>2800 m, 8,500 ft), several major rivers as well as five fault zones. The marine terminal includes 7 storage tanks and a 2.7 km (1.6 mi) jetty able to handle two 300,000-dwt tankers simultaneously. The system is designed to transport 1 million barrels per day (∼145,000 t/day). The oil spill contingency plan is designed to protect sensitive areas, catchment basins, and to prevent the migration of spilled oil. Sensitive features were determined by pre-construction surveys and risk analyses, and updated by additional fieldwork focusing on the potential movement and impacts of spilled oil. Response guidelines based on risk and logistics determined the location of equipment depots and the level of equipment necessary to recover Tier 2 spill volumes. Pipeline equipment and depots are selected to rapidly recover spilled oil and to prevent its downslope and downstream movement. The marine response strategy focuses on protection of adjacent lagoons by on-water containment at the berthing area using an oil spill response vessel (OSRV), tugboats, and other workboats, and various lengths and types of booms, skimmers and storage capabilities.

Numerical Analysis of Pipeline Equipment Effect on Water Hammer Using Characteristic Method

In this attempt effect of pipeline equipment behavior was considered on water hammer numerically. The effect includes opening / closing of the shut off valves, loss of coefficient of the outlet bypass pipe for the air chamber, elasticity of the pipeline and loss coefficient due to friction. In order to study the behavior, mass and momentum conservation equations were solved numerically using characteristic method during transient conditions. As a water hammer phenomena accompanies with large pressure gradient, so the pipeline equipment behavior and their effect were analyzed with respect to the maximum pressure occurrence. For a pipeline of 5000 m length, 1 m diameter, 1 m3/s discharge and 100 m height between upstream and downstream, the following result were concluded: 1-If the moment of inertia of the pump impeller increases by 400 percent, the maximum pressure occurred by the water hammer will decrease by 9 percent. 2-During on and off of the shut off valve, 80 percent of pressure increase due to water hammer was created during the last 15 percent of valve closure. 3-If pressure wave velocity increases by 75 percent, then the maximum pressure generated due to the water hammer will increase by 27 percent. 4-If the loss coefficient of the by pass line of the air chamber decreases by 90 percent, then the maximum pressure due to the water hammer will decrease by 20 percent. 5-If the pipeline Moody friction coefficient increases by 92 percent, the maximum pressure due to the water hammer will increase by 66 percent.