Effectiveness of a dietary re-education and physical activity program on obesity

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects on obesity of a weight loss method that associates dietary re-education and physical activity. Method: A retrospective, cross-sectional, and quantitative study using secondary data from individual follow-up forms of a weight loss clinic located in a municipality in northwestern Paraná, Brazil. Data collection took place in August 2018 through a checklist of anthropometric parameters, being stored in Excel spreadsheets and analyzed by descriptive statistics using the SPSS program. Results: The mean weight loss was 15.22 kg, and the weight loss method was associated with beneficial results in relation to the following variables: weight, body mass index, body and visceral fat, muscle mass, basal metabolism rate, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Conclusion: The association of dietary re-education with regular physical exercise has a positive impact on obesity.

Effect of high altitude on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and basal metabolism rate in Chinese Holstein cows on the Tibetan plateau

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of two altitudes (3600 and 1600 m) on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and basal metabolism rate in Chinese Holstein cows. Experiment 1 was conducted to investigate the effect of high altitude (3600 m) on rumen fermentation, in vitro dry matter degradability, and nitrogen metabolism compared with low altitude (1600 m) in Chinese Holstein cows. Results indicated that total volatile fatty acids concentration, total gas production and gas coefficient a, b and c, efficiency of microbial protein synthesis and in vitro dry matter degradability were lower at 3600 m than 1600 m (P < 0.05). The number of protozoa and ammonia nitrogen concentration was higher at 3600 m than 1600 m (P < 0.05). We concluded that carbohydrate fermentation in the rumen was impaired, and ammonia nitrogen used for microbial nitrogen synthesis was also decreased at high altitude of 3600 m compared with 1600 m. Experiment 2 was conducted in vivo to investigate the effect of high altitude on apparent nutrient digestibility and basal metabolism rate in Chinese Holstein cows. Results indicated that the apparent digestibility of the diet’s dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre was lower at 3600 m than those at 1600 m, respectively (P < 0.05). In Chinese Holstein cows, basal metabolism rate was increased with increasing level of altitude (P < 0.05). The results indicated that the high altitude of the Tibetan plateau impaired rumen fermentation and elevated the basal metabolism rate of Chinese Holstein cows.

Diagnostic Tests in Infants and Children

This book is advertised as being aimed at a wide audience of students, pediatricians, pathologists, and general practitioners. As a result of this approach the book falls far short of satisfying the needs of any one of these groups. It is a mixture of the old and new, neither of which is critically appraised. Many of the laboratory tests included are of purely historic interest. Dr. Behrendt utilizes 39 pages to discuss tests of basal metabolism rate, even though he acknowledges that such procedures have "outlived their usefulness."