The Environmental Awareness of Parents and Teachers and its Relationship to the Environmental Awareness of Children in Saudi Arabia

<p>The topic of environmental awareness has received great attention recently at the local and global levels. This is in response to global calls regarding the importance of environmental awareness for children, young people and adults as a way to protect the world from environmental problems. Instilling environmental awareness is a responsibility that must be shared by all child-rearing institutions, but studies have shown a lack of scientific research proving that educators play an effective role in children's environmental awareness in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to ascertain the level of environmental awareness of children in early childhood, and its relationship to educators’ level of awareness in light of many variables (child’s age and gender and educator's job and education level). The study sample consisted of 77 parents and teachers of varying educational levels (secondary school/graduate/postgraduate) and a sample of 50 children of different ages (4–8 years and over) who were chosen from the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. To achieve the study objectives and gain a deep understanding of children’s environmental awareness and its relation to that of their parents and teachers, a mixed-method approach was used. The data were collected using a questionnaire answered by educators (parents and teachers) and a picture-based survey answered by children. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 6). This study shows that the differences in children's level of awareness are due to their age and not their gender, as older children seem to be more aware. There is a positive relationship between children's awareness and that of their educators. The study also reveals that teachers have greater environmental awareness than parents; therefore, there is a need to increase parents' environmental awareness.</p>

The Environmental Awareness of Parents and Teachers and its Relationship to the Environmental Awareness of Children in Saudi Arabia

<p>The topic of environmental awareness has received great attention recently at the local and global levels. This is in response to global calls regarding the importance of environmental awareness for children, young people and adults as a way to protect the world from environmental problems. Instilling environmental awareness is a responsibility that must be shared by all child-rearing institutions, but studies have shown a lack of scientific research proving that educators play an effective role in children's environmental awareness in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to ascertain the level of environmental awareness of children in early childhood, and its relationship to educators’ level of awareness in light of many variables (child’s age and gender and educator's job and education level). The study sample consisted of 77 parents and teachers of varying educational levels (secondary school/graduate/postgraduate) and a sample of 50 children of different ages (4–8 years and over) who were chosen from the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. To achieve the study objectives and gain a deep understanding of children’s environmental awareness and its relation to that of their parents and teachers, a mixed-method approach was used. The data were collected using a questionnaire answered by educators (parents and teachers) and a picture-based survey answered by children. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 6). This study shows that the differences in children's level of awareness are due to their age and not their gender, as older children seem to be more aware. There is a positive relationship between children's awareness and that of their educators. The study also reveals that teachers have greater environmental awareness than parents; therefore, there is a need to increase parents' environmental awareness.</p>

Investigation about self-esteem levels of athletes who have been educated in different sports branches according to some variables: A study on physically handicapped individuals

This study aimed to examine the self-esteem of those who did sports in physically disabled individuals by some variables. Based on this aim, the study was designed quantitatively. In this descriptive research, the general survey model that is coherent with the main purpose was used. The study group of the research consisted of 140 individuals aged 18 and over who had physical disabilities and actively engage in sports. Purposeful sampling approaches and easily accessible sampling methods were used in the selection of the study group. The scale form was used to collect research data. The scale form consisted of two parts. In the first part of this form, there was a personal information form containing information about the participants and in the second part, there was the "Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale" developed by Rosenberg (1965) and adapted into Turkish by Çuhadaroğlu (1986). This form was applied to the participants on a voluntary basis, on the internet between 13.05.2020 and 03.06.2020. Necessary explanations were made to the participants while filling the form and they were provided to answer correctly. In this study, the self-esteem of physically disabled athletes was examined according to some variables. The research group consisted of 140 participants; 42 (30.0%) of them were female and 98 (70.0%) of them were male and the number of male participants was approximate twice the number of female participants. It was found that 18 (12.9%) participants were graduated from elementary and secondary schools, 59 (42.1%) from high school, and 63 (45%) from college, and the number of the participants belonging to the group consisted of graduates from high school and college were approximately four times more than the participants from the elementary and secondary school graduate group. It was determined that 9 (13.6%) of the participants had low, 105 (75%) had medium and 16 (11.4%) had a high level of income. It was observed that 83 (59.3%) of the participants were congenitally disabled and 57 (40.7%) of the participants disabled after birth and the number of congenitally disabled participants approximately 1.5 times more than the number of participants with disabilities after birth. It was determined that the number of participants who were national athletes was approximately 2.5 times those who were not. Among the variables examined, it was seen that there was only a statistically positive and low-level significant relationship between the sports age variable and the self-esteem mean score of the participants (r = .147; p < 0.05). In this context, as the age of the participants increased, the self-esteem of the participants also increased. As a result, it was determined that there was a positive correlation between the age of starting sports and self-esteem in physically disabled individuals, and individuals who started sports at an early age had a higher rate than other individuals.

Pengaruh Aspek-Aspek Tuntutan Industri terhadap Uji Kompetensi Keahlian di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Low skills of Vocational Secondary School graduate influence the productivity of skilled workers in the industrial sector. Their competency tests have not been able to describe abilities. Their competence is not enough to win the competition. The abilities listed in the certificate has not shown actual competence. The number of requires workforce continues to grow, but their competencies are not balanced. This paper aims to analyze the implementation and effect of industry demand aspects toward UKK in SMK. The result is industry demand aspects are not correlated with competency tests. Industry demand aspects did not affect competency tests.</p><strong>Abstrak:</strong><em> </em>Rendahnya keterampilan lulusan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan memengaruhi produktivitas pekerja terampil di sektor industri. Uji Kompetensi Keahlian belum mampu menggambarkan kemampuan lulusan SMK. Kompetensi lulusan SMK tidak cukup untuk memenangkan persaingan di pasar tenaga kerja. Kemampuan yang tercantum dalam sertifikat Uji Kompetensi Keahlian tidak sesuai dengan kompetensi lulusan SMK. Jumlah tenaga kerja yang dibutuhkan terus bertambah, tetapi kompetensi lulusan tidak seimbang. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi dan pengaruh aspek-aspek tuntutan industri terhadap Uji Kompetensi Keahlian di SMK. Hasilnya, aspek-aspek tuntutan industri secara signifikan tidak memengaruhi Uji Kompetensi Keahlian.

Domniemane datowanie niedatowanych utworów Karola Wojtyły: Dzieła literackie i teatralne, Juvenilia (1938-1946)

Karol Wojtyła left behind many undated works. Determining the date of their creation sometimes requires a detective’s acumen. Based on the extensive information available in his poetry, meditations or plays, the context of their creation can be worked out quite accurately. This article is an attempt to determine the chronology of the early works of Karol Wojtyła, starting with the adaptation of The Stage Image titled “Christ – King” based on the Apocalypse of Saint John, his rhymed verses as a secondary-school graduate, through the series of Sonnets, and Symphonies – Unifications, then his autumnal poetry, works from the time of the war and occupation – sometimes forgotten by the very author – and ending with Songs about the Hidden God – the most mature poem from the period before his priesthood. Confirmations of the suggested arrangements often come from the recollections of people who were close to the young Wojtyła. His letters to his friends, the Kotlarczyks and the Szkockis, are also an endless source of information. The literary works of the future Pope, full of his deepest thoughts, as well as fears and premonitions, complement the various stages of his life, and thus help us to better understand not only the artistic creativity, but also the teachings, of John Paul II.

ICT Competencies for Academic E-Learning. Preparing Students for Distance Education - Authors’ Proposal

ABSTRACT Deployment of distance education (especially e-learning) at universities requires university teachers and students to have adequate ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) competencies. Schools usually provide training for their staff in operating e-learning portals and creating courses, which is the necessary minimum for conducting distance education. On the other hand, schools do not offer any courses for students to improve their competencies necessary for e-learning, as they assume that the students’ ICT competencies acquired during the three levels of schooling (elementary, lower secondary and upper secondary) are sufficient. The authors’ observations demonstrate that this assumption is not necessarily true, particularly for students at faculties related to humanities and other specializations not of technical nature, such as medicine. The article presents an overview of ICT competencies necessary for e-learning study, comparing them with competencies of a secondary school graduate. On the basis of a research project conducted at three medical universities in Poland, the authors present the level of knowledge and practical skills in the field of ICT among students who participated in e-learning or blended learning. As a result of the project, a proposal has been presented for modifying ICT education contents for students, as well as a draft course carried on the university’s LCMS (Learning Content Management System) portal to bridge the ICT competence gaps for effective distance education.

Selection Determinants In Education Major Graduates Occupations

Taiwan’s teacher training system currently faces a serious disorder. The excessive number of teacher education programs being set up in universities by the Ministry of Education has dramatically increased the number of teachers. The situation, coupled with the country of low birth rate and high retirement age, brings about fewer teaching vacancies than the number of available teachers. The over-expansion of universities has resulted in a situation that almost every secondary school graduate can access higher education institutions, which subsequently produce a great number of graduates, far exceeding the vacancies in the workplace. This plus with the recent economic recession intensifies competition among individuals hunting for jobs. Thus, it is imperative to identify the ideal jobs for graduates, and the first step is figuring out the main determinants for selecting jobs and the relative importance of these determinants. A self-developed questionnaire was administered to 200 education major graduates in Taiwan. The result indicated that high job stability was perceived to be the most important factor among participants. Also, the education students considered school teacher or administrator to be the ideal jobs.

Perspectiva aptitudinal-vocacional de bachilleres de la región capital de Venezuela: Prueba diagnóstica aptitudinal-vocacional de la Universidad Nacional Experimental de la Fuerza Armada (caso de estudio)

This paper presents the findings of a comparative study which contrasts the assessment of aptitudinal and vocational profiles of secondary school graduate students with national average results; the selected students were taking the induction course at the National Experimental University of the Armed Forces (UNEFA), given in Eastern Miranda (Guarenas-Guatire), Western Miranda (Ocumare del Tuy, Los Teques, and Santa Teresa del Tuy), and Vargas State. For each location, those results are hierarchically presented in the following way: Verbal ability, numeric ability and logic-abstract knowledge. The vocational level, on the other hand, was measured with a psychometric test related to six dimensions or strengths: knowledge, courage, value, humanity, justice, temperance and level-headedness of character of the subjects in study. Thus, once the aptitudinal and vocational profiles assessment of the population, that took the diagnostic test, was consolidated, results were automatically compared with the profile criteria of the careers offered by UNEFA. By means of the percentage variance formula, it was found that the secondary school graduates of Caracas and Vargas showed an aptitudinal-vocational maturity significantly higher than those in Miranda regions and the national average results. This differed from the results obtained by the secondary school graduate students of Miranda regions whose results were lower than in relation to the national average.