The importance, role and promise of endophytic bacteria in horticulture

The article highlights current research that discusses the importance, role and application potential of endophytic bacteria in industrial horticulture. A review of national and foreign publications on the prevalence, taxonomic composition and function of endophytic bacteria in agricultural and horticultural plant objects is presented. Key endophytic bacterial phyla and genera associated with agricultural plants have been previously characterised. The authors consider the main plant organs and tissues that harbour endophytic bacteria, routes of bacterial colonisation and host-to-host transmission, endophyte relationships with the host species, as well as the genotype, seasonal period, environment, taxonomic and varietal composition of host plants. The host-microbiome relationship is intimate and mutually beneficial. Endophytic bacteria positively impact organogenesis and embryogenesis in agricultural plants, transforming phosphorus and atmospheric nitrogen into plant-absorbable forms and producing hormones that stimulate plant growth. Endophytic flora are able to produce vitamins, siderophores, phytohormones, antibiotic like-substances and phytopathogen-antagonistic exoenzymes, which play a role in enhancing a plant’s resistance to disease and stress, while simultaneously increasing its yield. Current evidence indicates the ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from garden crops to produce indolyl acetic acid, solubilise phosphates, potentially stimulate plant growth and suppress antagonistic phytopathogens. Endophytic bacteria are important regulators of growth, development and fruiting in garden crops, sustaining their reproduction and thus having a strong potential for use in biopreparations in industrial horticulture.

In vitro micropropagation and ex vitro rooting of some potato varieties

The article presents the results on selection of optimal concentrations of nutrient media components and nutrient solution at the stages of clonal micropropagation of potato varieties Lyubava, Kemerovochanin, and Tuleevskiy (actual reproduction, rooting in vitro, adaptation to ex vitro conditions). The influence of some components of the nutrient medium (sucrose, agar-agar, growth regulators, namely α-naphthyl acetic acid, β-indolyl acetic acid, and β-indolyl propionic acid) was studied at the stages of reproduction and rooting in order to obtain regenerants of the studied potato varieties. The best development of plants on nutrient medium with addition of 4 g L-1 of agar-agar was revealed. The addition of sucrose in the concentration of 3-5% contributed to the formation of more internodes. The influence of naphthyl acetic acid, β-indolyl oil, and β-indolyl propionic acids in different concentrations on the rhizogenesis of regenerating plants of three potato varieties at the stages of reproduction and establishment of different types and concentrations of auxins was studied. The researches have shown that a one-stage method of adaptation of Solanum tuberosum L. varieties of Lyubava, Kemerovochanin, and Tuleevskiy to the conditions of ex vitro cultivation with the use of hydroponic installation is characterized by efficiency and allows to receive plants with well-developed root system. The efficiency of using the hydroponic plant for adaptation of potato regenerants at the final stage of micropropagation is shown.

A chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer for the determination of indolyl acetic acid using luminescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots as acceptors

A CRET method was fabricated for the determination of IAA using Ce(iv)–Na2SO3 as the donor and N-CDs as the acceptor.

Callus and Root-System Formation in Cherry Rootstock Gisela 5

In our trial we concentrated on propagation possibilities for the currently most used cherry-tree rootstock GiSelA 5 in intensive fruit orchards. We compared four sampling dates in which we evaluated the callus and the root system formation with and without the use of a growth stimulator. As a growth stimulator, the Stimulax I (0.06% indolyl-acetic acid, 0.06% alpha-naphtyl acid, 0.05% naphtyl-butyric acid) in powder form was used. We reached non-significant results in the variants with the use of the growth stimulator and in the variant without the growth stimulator in each sampling date. The best results in callus and root system formation were achieved on the last sampling date, which was October 23rd, 2012. Zero callus and root system formation was achieved on July 23rd and August 23rd, 2012. The minimum basal width of the cutting must be at least 3 mm.

The chemistry of Brazilian Leguminosae. LX. Indolylacetic acid from Tachigalia paniculata

The ethanolic extract of trunk wood of Tachigalia paniculata Ducke (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) was found to contain substantial quantities of 2-(3-indolyl)-acetic acid.