EFFICIENCY OF USE CREZACIN AND ZIRCON GROWTH STIMULANTS ON SOWING QUALITIES OF SEEDS AND BIOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF SPROUTS OF KHINGAM FIR (ABIES NEPHROLEPIS)

The article presents the study of the stimulating effect of aqueous solutions of growth stimulants Crezacin and Zircon, and the identification of doses that activate the germinative energy, laboratory germination of seeds and the growth of biometric parameters of sprouts along the length and weight of Khingam fir (Abies nephrolepis). The greatest stimulating effect on the sowing qualities of Khingam fir seeds by the Crezacin and Zircon shown in the concentrations of solutions of 1∙3∙10-3–1∙6∙10-3 ml/l. Germinative energy and laboratory germination of seeds exceeded the control group by 84.8-293.9, 106.4-273.4% and 112.1-203, 59.6-187.2%, respectively. The seed quality class increased from the third to the second and first ones. The growth stimulator Crezacin had a more positive effect on the growth of sprouts along the length and weight at solution concentrations of 1∙2∙10-3–1∙6∙10-3 and 1∙2∙10-3–1∙7∙10-3 ml/l (excess to control group – 7,7–41,7 and 6,1-61,4%). Zircon is less effective. Its positive effect on the growth of the length and mass of sprouts was noted at concentrations of 1∙4∙10-3–1∙5∙10-3 and 1∙2∙10-3–1∙7∙10-3 ml/l (excess to control group – 8,3–25 and 6,1-46,5%).

Effect of fungicidal agents on the initial growth of spring wheat plants

This study provides a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of active ingredients of fungicidal preparations and in a mixture with organomineral fertilizers on reducing the infection of seed and the germination of spring wheat plants in the initial phases of ontogenesis. For the research, on 8 different combinations of active ingredients fungicides in pure form and in a mixture with organomineral fertilizer. The application of fungicide did not affect the seed growth energy, but in most cases the germination rate increased by 4%. Seed dressing had a retardant effect on germination of the plant’s organs, and the fertiliser stimulating effect was shown in Variant 1 (Protioconazole + Tebuconazole + fertiliser). The efficiency of disinfectants against seed diseases reached 96% against general contamination and 56-93% against pathogenic microflora, and in a mixture with organomineral fertilizer, the efficiency is reduced by 13%. High and stable efficiency was manifested in drugs based on the active substances Tebuconazole + Flutriafol (80 + 80 g/l). Protioconazole + Tebuconazole (250+150 g/l) with net efficiency of 83-93%. As a result of the research, the effect of pickling with fungicides was determined on the basis of various combinations of active substances in pure form and with the addition of organomineral fertilizer as a growth stimulator.

Growth stimulators and mineral fertilizers influence on Sudan grass growth, development and productivity

The article considers the results of research on the influence of seeding rates, fertilizers and growth stimulator on the development and productivity of the Sudan grass of the Julia variety in the conditions of chestnut soils of the Volgograd region. In the field two-factor experiment, we studied: factor A - the three seeding rates 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 million germinating seeds per hectare; factor B - fertilizers and growth promoters: 1. Control without fertilizers; 2. N60 P60 K45 + N30; 3. Growth stimulator Raikat Start; 4. N60 P60 K45 + Raikat Start + N30. The use of mineral fertilizers increased the leaf surface area by 0.3-0.5 thousand m2/ha, the use of growth stimulators increased the leaf surface area by 0.1-0.2 thousand m2/ha, the combined use of mineral fertilizers and growth stimulators increased the leaf surface area by 0.9-1.2 thousand m2/ha. It was found that the highest yield of green mass of Sudan grass, 28.6 t/ha, was formed on the variant with a seeding norm of 1.5 million tons of germinating seeds per ha with the complex application of mineral fertilizers and the growth stimulator Raikat Start.

Influence of a growth stimulator on the sowing traits of wheat

Wheat is the main and most important food crop in most countries of the world. It is cultivated in more than 80 countries. The purpose of the work was to study the effect of the growth stimulator Agrostimulin on the sowing traits of wheat seeds. The growth regulator Agrostimulin promotes accelerated division of plant cells, the development of a more powerful root system, an increase in the leaf surface area and chlorophyll content, reduces the phytotoxic effect of pesticides, has an antimutagenic effect, improves the quality of grown products, increases productivity, plant resistance to diseases, stress factors, resistance to adverse environmental factors (hypothermia, overheating, lack or excess of light and moisture). Its use makes it possible to reduce the rates of application of pesticides when using the drug 3–5 times during the vegetation period. The use of the growth stimulator Agrostimulin in the cultivation of spring wheat Omskaya 36 has been reflected in the article. Studies on the sowing traits of spring wheat seeds, phenological observations have been carried out. The yield of wheat Omskaya 36 variety with the use of the growth regulator Agrostimulin was 20 c/ha, which was by 2,1 c/ha or 11,7 % higher compared to the previous year. It has been revealed that the length of the vegetation period in wheat treated with the growth regulator Agrostimulin was 89 days, which was by 7 days less compared to the control. Thus, it has been experimentally proved that the treatment of spring wheat seeds Omskaya 36 with the growth regulator Agrostimulin shortens the growing season and increases its yield.

Influence of growth stimulants and microfertilizers on the productivity of Carthamus tinctorius in the steppe zone of the Saratov Right Bank

In the course of the research, it was found out that the highest rates of photosynthetic activity of Carthamus tinctorius were noted in the variant where pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a growth stimulator zircon + treatment of crops in the budding phase with siliplant microfertilizer was carried out. In this variant, the leaf area of the best variety Ershovsky 4 was 35.3 thousand m2 / ha, dry aboveground biomass - 7.49 t / ha, photosynthetic potential - 1941 thousand m2 / ha·day; net productivity of photosynthesis - 3.86 g / m2·day. On average for 2018–2020, the highest yield of safflower oilseeds of the Ershovsky 4 variety reached 1.89 t / ha. The highest (1.74 t / ha) average annual yield of safflower oilseeds of Astrakhanskiy 747 variety was also obtained using a similar option. To ensure a consistently high productivity of Carthamus tinctorius agrocenoses in the arid conditions of the steppe zone of the Saratov Right Bank, it is recommended to expand the cultivation areas of the most adapted variety Ershovsky 4, using pre-sowing seed treatment with a zircon growth stimulator (30 ml / t) and processing crops in the budding phase with siliplant micronutrient fertilization (1 , 0 l / ha).

A Search of the Efficient S-Hetarylsuccinate Landscape Design Plant Growth Stimulators

The 4-thioquinolinic succinate derivatives with potential growth-stimulating activity has been investigated. The monitoring of carbohydrate concentration has confirmed its stimulation of the metabolism in saffron and sugarbeet. This lets us conclude that it may be an excellent growth stimulator.

MARINE MACROALGAE: PLANT GROWTH STIMULATORS

The modern agricultural sector is mainly dependent on synthetic fertilizer for enhancing the growth of crop improvements but a burden of inorganic and chemical-based fertilizer currently created a serious threat to human health as well as the soil environment. Fertilizer research is therefore focusing on an alternative to chemical fertilizer by exploiting natural sources such as marine macroalgae or seaweed. The use of seaweed will be an eco-friendlier approach to sustainable agriculture. Marine macroalgae or seaweed widely applicable in plant growth enhancements due to the presence of biological active phycocompounds such as proteins, phenolic compounds, amino acids, polysaccharides, plant-growth-promoting hormones, and some growth factors, etc. Several research studies have been carried out on the applicability of seaweed or the effect of marine algae or its components on plants and its quality. These types of constituents play their role in improving the morphological as well as biochemical characteristics of plants. The present review study focuses on the applicability of marine macroalgae as a biofertilizer or plant growth stimulator in agricultural applications. This study further helps to improve the nutritional quality of crops which prove to be useful in further investigations and applications. KEYWORDS: Seaweed, Marine Macroalgae, Biofertilizer, Growth stimulator, Agriculture

The effect of weed management method on weeds infestation, yield, storage ability and nutritional value of leek (Allium porrum L.)

In the years 2012–2014, at The National Institute of Horticultural Research in Skierniewice, research was carried out on determining the impact of various methods of weeding on leek yield, its storage stability and nutritional value after harvest and storage. In the field experiments the following methods were compared: mechanical treatments, mechanical treatments + growth stimulator, soil mulching with polypropylene and black foil and hand weeding. After harvest the leek were storage at the temperature 0°C for 124–150 days depending on the year and after the storage it was sorted as: marketable leeks and plants with diseases symptoms and rotten plants, and also leek’s natural weight loss was determined. After harvest and after storage, the content of dry matter, total sugars and soluble phenols in leeks was determined. The highest marketable yield immediately after harvest was obtained from plants mulched with black materials. After storage, the most marketable leeks were obtained from the control and hand weeded during cultivation. Chemical composition of leek was analysed after harvest and after the storage period. After harvest the highest yield from leek grown in black mulch were obtained and after the storage from control and hand weeding. Chemical analyses showed that the highest dry matter and total sugars contents were found in leek weeded by hand, and after storage mulched with black and polypropylene foil. After harvest, the highest content of soluble phenols was recorded in leek weeded mechanically and treated additionally with a growth stimulator, and after the storage – in mechanically weeded leeks.