Operational-investigative counteraction to crime: another concept or terminological features

The article discusses a number of terms used to denote the activities of the state to combat crime. It is indicated that at present the term counteraction has begun to be widely used in legislation, which requires clarification of this concept. Arguments are given about the relevance of the term “counteraction”, its meaning and relationship with other terms, primarily with the concepts of “fighting crime” and “crime control”. The meanings of the words “counteraction”, “struggle” are considered, it is concluded that it would not be correct to identify the counteraction of crime with its prevention, exactly as with preventive activity. Analyzing the concept of crime control, the author states that it is being put forward in the form of a new strategy in the ORD, although its development is not very intensive today. It is concluded that measures to counter crime, such as the detection and disclosure of crimes, should also be supplemented by a system of preventive measures, such as influencing organized criminal groups and communities in order to separate them, undermining the economic foundations of organized crime, depriving the organizers of organized crime groups and OPS of authority, etc.

Vegetable and Herbal Extracts: A Way towards Preventive and Therapeutics Regimen

The traditional and herbal medicines play significant role in the treatment of several diseases. These medicines are the outcome of extensive research on therapeutic and preventive activity of various plant species and their specific parts. Administration of various plant parts, vegetables, fruits and other herbal constituents have significant impact on reduction of clinical, carcinogenic and genotoxic effects of various environmental toxicants. Various parts of plant such as wood, bark, stem, leaf and pod are rich in antioxidants which are known for their free radical scavenging activity. Currently, the treatment options rely significantly using natural anti-oxidants which are extracted from plant products because these are largely available, cost effective and non-toxic as compared to the synthetic drugs. Some potent natural anti-oxidants include tocopherol, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, quercetin, carotene, cinnamic acid, peptides and phenolic compounds which are extensively available in various herbal extracts. The present chapter will focus upon availability of various antioxidants in vegetables and other medicinal plants and their potential activities against xenobiotics.

CONCEPTUAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF BIBLIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FIELD OF COUNTERACTION TO CRIMINAL OFFENSES IN THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY

The article specifies that systematic and complex scientific researches on problems of the use of bibliometric technologies in preventive activity regarding detection and neutralization of threats to entities-facilities of air transport, companies staff, institutions and organizations which work in this field have not been considered yet. The results of researches and scientific papers of representatives of the Ukrainian forensic community had been analyzed, which determined the need for theoretical-legal and forensic research in the field of identification and verification of a person with the use of biometric technologies to solve tasks of counteraction to crime and civilian tasks of managerial and controlling content. The article purpose is to define current problems of the development of the newest directions of biometric technologies use in counteraction to criminal and other types of offenses; formation of theoretical principles of algorithmization of the use of biometric technologies in preventive activity. The use of the complex of general and special research methods has made it possible to identify factors and content of reasons and conditions for solving the present day tasks with the use of biometric technologies in security and preventive activities. Such approach has helped to draw the conclusion that the most promising directions of biometric technologies application are: security guaranteeing and ensuring access control to certain areas and space activity facilities; creation of a person identification systems; introduction of reliable and economic means of delimitation of access to the territory of facilities, buildings and internal premises of space activity entities; efficiency and personnel management; information protection of multifunctional user identification systems in information networks, operating systems, various add-ons for typical software.

On the expenditure of distinctioning the concepts of «preventive measures» and «preventive measures» in the activities of the National police of Ukraine.

The article emphasizes that today one of the main vectors of the National Police 'businesses are aimed at preventing offenses, the so-called preventive or preventive activity. In view of this, the terms «preventive activity» and «preventive activity» were investigated in detail, which is carried out by the employees of the National Police of Ukraine. And the purpose of the article is an analysis of preventive measures and preventive measures in the activities of the National Police of Ukraine through the prism of modern legislation, retreating and providing definitions. Thus, having analyzed the current legislation and scientific revision of modern scientists, the author provides author's definitions of these terms. Preventive measures This is a narrower concept under which it is understood clearly defined in the Law or Complex of Police Actions applicable in accordance with the current legislation to ensure the implementation of the requirements that restrict certain rights and freedoms of man and the use of which do not is always associated with an unlawful behavior of specific individuals. In turn, preventive measures are the actions of the police aimed at preventing the offenses and preventing their teaching, eliminating their reasons and conditions that cause them. And concluded that speaking of any prevention measures that are used by policemen to prevent / prevent any kind of offenses it is expedient to use the very term «preventive measures», and the term «preventive measures» is used only in case when it comes to events provided by the Law of Ukraine «On National Police». Because, preventive police and prophylactic measures of the police are different concepts. And in its daily activities, representatives of the National Police of Ukraine must use them appropriate and not confused with each other. Given the fact that this can complicate the daily police officer directed to crime prevention.

Recent Updates on Marine Cancer-Preventive Compounds

The natural compounds derived from marine organisms often exhibit unique chemical structures and potent biological activities. Cancer-preventive activity is one of the rather new activities that has emerged and been extensively studied over the last decades. This review summarizes the recent updates on the marine chemopreventive compounds covering the relevant literature published in 2013–2021 and following the previous comprehensive review by Stonik and Fedorov (Marine Drugs 2014, 12, 636–671). In the current article, only the molecules having an effect on malignant transformation (or related pathway and molecules), cancer stem cells, or carcinogen-induced in vivo tumor development were considered to be “true” cancer-preventive compounds and were, therefore, reviewed. Additionally, particular attention has been given to the molecular mechanisms of chemoprevention, executed by the reported marine compounds.

Protective effect of Phytochemicals against Cisplatin induced Nephrotoxicity

Cisplatin is an inorganic platinum-based oncologic medication and has a broad spectrum of uses in the therapeutic management of number of solid malignant tumour. FDA approved the clinical use of cisplatin in the year 1978. Since then, it has been used alone or in combination with other drugs in chemotherapy. Though, it has highly cured rate for the treatment of cancer, the use of cisplatin is limited due to its major dose limiting side effects such as nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. The development of cisplatin nephrotoxicity is complex and a number of interrelated factors such as transporter mediated cisplatin accumulation, conversion into nephrotoxins, formation of DNA adducts, mitochondrial dysfunction, nitrosative and oxidative stress, inflammation, signal transducers and apoptotic pathway activation are involved. A number of synthetic drugs are available for the management of cisplatin toxicity but associated with a number of serious side effects such as hypotension, ototoxicity, nausea, vomiting and decreased calcium levels. In addition, various reports show that most of these compounds show unwanted tumour protective activity. Literature review suggested that phytochemicals are reported to have preventive activity in CIRT and it is evident that these compounds showed a pronounced renoprotective activity against CIRT. Therefore, in this review, we highlight the role of the phytochemicals, which are shown to be efficacious in clinically

Preventive Activity of the Extract of the Darkling Beetle Ulomoides Dermestoides in the Diet of C57Bl/6JSTO Mice in a Neurotoxic Model of Parkinson's Disease

The effect of aqueous extracts of the biomass of the adult Ulomoides dermestoides beetle on the delayed effects of the defoliant paraquat causing parkinsonism in experimental mice was evaluated. The motor activity of the animals was analyzed in behavioral tests using a rotarod and a vertical pole. The number of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunopositive neurons in the ventral part of the substantia nigra of the midbrains of experimental and control mice was studied by immunohistochemistry. In the model in vitro system with SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma, the effect of the extracts on cell proliferation was examined in the absence and presence of the neurotoxin MPP+. The isolation of biologically active substances from raw biomass using cavitation effects made it possible to obtain extracts with protective properties in the model of an early stage of Parkinson's disease used in this study.

Preventive Activity of the Extract of the Darkling Beetle Ulomoides Dermestoides in the Diet of C57Bl/6JSTO Mice in a Neurotoxic Model of Parkinson's Disease

The effect of aqueous extracts of the biomass of the adult beetle Ulomoides dermestoides on the delayed effects of defoliant paraquat causing parkinsonism in experimental mice was evaluated. The motor activity of the animals was analyzed in behavioral tests using a rotarod and a vertical pole. The number of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunopositive neurons in the ventral part of the substantia nigra of the midbrain of experimental and control mice were studied by immunohistochemistry. In the model in vitro system with SH-SY5Y–human neuroblastoma, the effect of the extracts on cell proliferation was examined in the absence and in the presence of the neurotoxin MPP+. The isolation of biologically active substances from raw biomass using cavitation effects made it possible to obtain extracts with protective properties in the model of an early stage of Parkinson's disease used.