scholarly journals Vegetable and Herbal Extracts: A Way towards Preventive and Therapeutics Regimen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Sharma ◽  
Vinika Tyagi ◽  
Megha Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Preventive Activity

The traditional and herbal medicines play significant role in the treatment of several diseases. These medicines are the outcome of extensive research on therapeutic and preventive activity of various plant species and their specific parts. Administration of various plant parts, vegetables, fruits and other herbal constituents have significant impact on reduction of clinical, carcinogenic and genotoxic effects of various environmental toxicants. Various parts of plant such as wood, bark, stem, leaf and pod are rich in antioxidants which are known for their free radical scavenging activity. Currently, the treatment options rely significantly using natural anti-oxidants which are extracted from plant products because these are largely available, cost effective and non-toxic as compared to the synthetic drugs. Some potent natural anti-oxidants include tocopherol, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, quercetin, carotene, cinnamic acid, peptides and phenolic compounds which are extensively available in various herbal extracts. The present chapter will focus upon availability of various antioxidants in vegetables and other medicinal plants and their potential activities against xenobiotics.

Antihyperglycemic, Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Properties of Smilax wightii A.DC. : an Endemic Plant of Western Ghats

2020 ◽  
pp. 584-589
Author(s):  
Athira V. Anand ◽  
T. S. Swapna
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Viability Percentage

Phytotherapy is an inevitable companion of human civilization. Smilax wightii is an ethnomedicinal plant in Smilacaceae, with unexplored scientifically therapeutic potential. The antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and hepatoprotective capabilities of the methanolic extract of leaf, stem, rhizome and root of S. wightii were inspected in the present study. Hyperglycemia is a manifestation of the prevalent metabolic disorder, Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Inhibitors of α –glucosidase and α – amylase could be efficiently employed in diabetes mellitus therapy as hypoglycemic agents. In the α –glucosidase and α – amylase inhibitory assays, root and rhizome extracts recorded better antihyperglycemic activity. DPPH radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity were the parameters employed to determine the antioxidant activity. Hepatoprotectivity determines the capability of samples to safeguard the hepatocytes from damage. Novel hepatoprotective agents are in demand since the incidence of liver impairment is on a high among global population. The rhizome extract showed comparatively superior hepatoprotectivity followed by the leaf, stem and root extracts. Rhizome, at 100μg/ml guaranteed a cell viability percentage of 77.43 in the Chang liver cell line treated with Carbon tetrachloride. So the root and rhizome of S. wightii are the therapeutically significant plant parts with hypoglycemic, free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective potentialities.

Evaluation of Anti-oxidant and Anti-pyretic activity of fruits of Garcinia pedunculata

2021 ◽  
pp. 2635-2638
Author(s):  
Mrinmoy Basak ◽  
Moksood Ahmed Laskar ◽  
Priyanka Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Most of the synthetic drugs used at present as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents cause many side effects and toxic effects. Many medicines of plant origin with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity have been used since long time without adverse effects. The purpose of the study was to explore the anti-pyretic and anti-oxidant activity of fruits of Garcinia pedunculata. The fruit of G. pedunculata was collected from Shillong, Meghalaya and extraction is done by using methanol as a solvent. The methanol extract shows the presence of carbohydrate, glycoside, alkaloids, phenol and flavonoids. Acute anti-pyretic activity for the extract was investigated in pyrexia rat. Temperature level was determined after 1hours, 4 hours, 8 hours and 12 hours after giving the extract dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight, and it was found to produce a significant reduce in fever. DPPH radical scavenging activity (In-vitro anti-oxidant activity of G. pedunculata) of methanolic extract shows 38.31 as IC50 (µg/ml) whereas Ascorbic acid as standard in the same concentration shows 34.81 IC50 (µg/ml). The obtained result justified the traditional use of G. pedunculata as anti-pyretic and antioxidant purpose.

Identification and Detection of Undeclared Herbal Slimming Adulterants

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1 and 2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kamil
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Artery Disease

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is advising consumers to stop using multiple weight-loss products that contain the undeclared drug ingredients e.g. sibutramine, which was removed from the market in 2010 for safety reasons and may present significant risks for those with coronary artery disease and other heart issues. Sibutramine and similar undeclared ingredients in herbal medicines are a real challenge for the public health and safety. In recent years, the need for quality assurance tools to ensure the identity, purity, and quality of botanical material has risen dramatically. HPTLC has emerged as a versatile, high throughput, and cost-effective technology, that is uniquely suited to meet these requirements. Most separation techniques do not allow parallel analysis of numerous samples at the same time and they often face problems in separating complex mixtures of substances. However, visual evaluation of HPTLC plates allows for convenient comparison of many samples side by side, where similarities and differences can clearly be seen. The quality of raw materials is rapidly and easily determined by HPTLC. For the identification of herbal drugs and other naturally derived materials standardized HPTLC is the method of choice and recommended by pharmacopoeias worldwide, furthermore adulterated samples are reliably identified. The main objective of the present study is to check pharmaceutical analogue adulteration of nonprescription and prescription slimming products in the laboratory using chromatographic techniques and to discuss its side effects in the interest of consumers and public health safety. Since intentional adulteration of “natural herbalmedicines” with unknown synthetic drugs or chemicals is a common and dangerous phenomenon of alternative medicine, it is important to modify and validate analytical tools to monitor and evaluate these herbal drugs.

scholarly journals In VitroAntimicrobial Bioassays, DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity, and FTIR Spectroscopy Analysis ofHeliotropium bacciferum

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Ahmad ◽  
Naser M. AbdEl-Salam ◽  
Riaz Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Functional Group Analysis ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The present study deals with the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and functional group analysis ofHeliotropium bacciferumextracts. Disc diffusion susceptibility method was followed for antimicrobial assessment. Noteworthy antimicrobial activities were recorded by various plant extracts against antibiotic resistant microorganisms. Plant flower extracts antioxidant activity was investigated against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl radical by ultraviolet spectrophotometer (517 nm). Plant extracts displayed noteworthy radical scavenging activities at all concentrations (25–225 μg/mL). Notable activities were recorded by crude, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts up to 88.27% at 225 μg/mL concentration. Compounds functional groups were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies. Alkanes, alkenes, alkyl halides, amines, carboxylic acids, amides, esters, alcohols, phenols, nitrocompounds, and aromatic compounds were identified by FTIR analysis. Thin layer chromatography bioautography was carried out for all plant extracts. Different bands were separated by various solvent systems. The results of the current study justify the use ofHeliotropium bacciferumin traditional remedial herbal medicines.

scholarly journals Role of antioxidants in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: Integrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e46310112028
Author(s):  
Claudriana Locatelli ◽  
Joyce Kelly Busolin Jardim ◽  
Vilmair Zancanaro
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Rate Dependent

Theorical framework: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a unique cancer that typically arises in the setting of chronic liver disease at a rate dependent upon the complex interplay between the host, disease, and environmental factors. Unfortunately, with contemporary management, patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma have few treatment options, and the prognosis is poor. Objective: Evaluate the role of antioxidants in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methodology: It is an integrative review, with a qualitative approach. Based on research on ScienceDirect and PubMed databases, 12 articles were selected that were consistent with the theme and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, through the association of descriptors and keywords. Results: Studies in vivo demonstrated a positive correlation of antioxidants in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. The antioxidants were able to promote inhibition of development tumor through promotes decrease of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-6 and changes the ratios of Bax/Bcl2 that supports apoptosis. In oxidative stress, may be able to direct free radical scavenging activity. Among the main antioxidants with advanced preclinical evidence in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma is curcumin with tests in humans, and gallic acid, quercetin and resveratrol with several tests in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: This study highlights that antioxidants can be a promising therapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Annona Muricata Plant Parts Cultivated in Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-815
Author(s):  
OMOTOSHO OMOLOLA ELIZABETH ◽  
IHEAGWAM FRANKLYN NONSO ◽  
NOIKI IFEOLUWA ADEBOLA ◽  
OMINI JOY JOHN
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Annonamuricata plant parts possess a broad range of medicinal and biological properties. This research compared the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Annonamuric at aparts. Proximate, mineral, total phenol and total flavonoid content as well as invitro antioxidant activity were examined. Results revealed the leaves contained significantly(p<0.05) higher composition of moisture (8.69±0.22%), ash (4.60±0.02%), protein (14.53±0.11%), crude fat (10.28±0.03%),chromium (0.38±0.05 mg/100g), nickel (1.75±0.04mg/100g), total phenol (1.01±0.03mgpyrocatechol/mL) and total flavonoid (1.12±0.03mgGAE/mL)compared to the respective values for root. Carbohydrate (9.29±0.24%), lead (0.13±0.02mg/100g) and cobalt (1.93±0.02mg/100g) composition was significantly lower(p<0.05) in the leaves compared to the respective compositions in the root. The leaf and root extract exhibited a concentration-dependent increase in hydroxyl radical scavenging activity with no observable(p<0.05)difference in their EC50 value. This study suggests the leaves of A. muricata found in Covenant University had better chemical composition when compared to the root. Nonetheless, these plant parts may be further exploited for not only their nutritive composition and mineral content but also a natural source of antioxidant agents.

Phytochemical composition of different plant parts of Acacia nilotica (L.) and their medicinal values

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Mansi Srivastva ◽  
Gargi Singh ◽  
Laxmi Parwani ◽  
Jaspreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Antiplatelet Aggregation

Plant-derived medicines are long being used for the prevention and treatment of various human ailments. For the last few decades, plants are widely being explored for their active ingredients due to their immense potential in the treatment of critical illnesses. Thus, in recent years, exponential growth can be seen in the field of herbal medicines. Medicinal plants are a unique source of valuable phytochemicals. Their use in different medicine systems is gradually increasing due to their cost-effectiveness, easy availability and natural origin with fewer or no side effects. Acacia nilotica (L.) is a member of the family Fabaceae, commonly found in tropical and sub-tropical regions and the plant is widely known for its enormous medicinal values. Every plant part of A. nilotica is a source of many bioactive important secondary metabolites that are widely useful for the cure of various human diseases and the development of new drugs. An exhaustive literature survey revealed that tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, fatty acids and carbohydrates are present as major classes of phytochemicals in different plant parts of A. nilotica. These phytochemicals exhibit significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiarrheal, antihypertensive, antispasmodic, anthelmintic, antiplatelet aggregation, anticancer and antiviral activities. The present review is aimed to organize the comprehensive information available on phytochemical composition and medicinal properties of different plant parts of A. nilotica viz. leaves, bark, flowers, seeds, pods, gum and roots. The study is useful to explore the therapeutic potential of different plant parts of A. nilotica which will further help in the development of new promising, safe, cost-effective drugs with a high therapeutic index from the different parts of the Acacia plant.

scholarly journals Anti-oxidative Activity of Nepalese Traditional Anti-diabetic Medicines

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
HP Devkota ◽  
A Adhikari-Devkota ◽  
S Yahara ◽  
P Basnet
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Oxidative Property ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Chronic overproduction of free radicals in human body has a role in numerous disease states including diabetes. Proper use of antioxidants may help in the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes. For the management of diabetes, a combination of herbal drugs is being practiced traditionally in Nepal. These herbal medicines might have a good correlation to anti-oxidative properties. Anti-oxidative property was evaluated with the methanolic extracts of nineteen common traditional anti-diabetic medicines by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Among the evaluated herbal medicines, Phyllanthus emblica, Punica granatum, Syzygium cumini, Terminalia bellirica and Terminalia chebula showed potent radical scavenging activity. The activities of P. emblica, T. bellirica and T. chebula were more potent than that of ascorbic acid. Some of the reported popular hypoglycemic herbal drugs did not show strong activity. Therefore strong anti-oxidative herbal drugs in combination with hypoglycemic drugs might have better results in the management of diabetes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v14i2.10429   Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 2 (2013) 151-154

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF PTEROCARPUS SANTALINUS L.F. PLANT PARTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
BHARATHI B ◽  
PRASAD NBL
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Pterocarpus Santalinus ◽  
Synthetic Standard ◽  
Β Carotene

Objective: Oxidation is a normal process in many biological metabolisms in living beings, but in this technology era radiation, pollution, irregular life style, and unhealthy diet leads to excessive oxidation resulting in imbalance between antioxidants and free radicals in body called oxidative stress, which may result in cardiac problems, diabetes, and carcinogenic diseases. Therefore, exploration of natural antioxidants in flora and fauna is becoming important. In this motive a phytochemical study was taken up on various parts of Pterocarpus santalinus L.f. plant belonging to Leguminosae family to check the presence of antioxidant activity (AA). Methods: The leaves, flowers, fruits, and roots of this plant were extracted with six different organic solvents from polar to non-polar. To estimate the AA of these extracts, four types of antioxidant tests were done on them, namely, α, α – Diphenyl – β – Picryl - Hydrazyl free radical scavenging activity (DPPH RSA) assay, relative reducing power (RRP) assay, Ferric thiocyanate (FTC) assay, and β - carotene bleaching assay with Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) as synthetic standard. Results: In extraction, Me extracts showed highest yields. Qualitative phytochemical screening has revealed many bioactive components in the Me and Et extracts of plant parts majorly. In DPPH RSA assay, Me extracts of leaves showed RSA activity almost equal to reference standard. In RRP assay, Me floral extracts showed AA higher than standard. FTC and β – Carotene assays showed that Me sample extracts possess good AA than BHT. In FTC assay, lower absorption values specify high AA, whereas in β – Carotene assay, high absorption values indicate high AA of the sample extracts. Conclusion: Among six solvents methanol showed highest extraction efficiency and also revealed highest number of phytochemicals in its extracts. These four AA assays revealed that the methanol extracts of all plant parts, that is., leaves, roots, fruits, and flowers possess better AA compared other solvent extracts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document