Assessment of probabilistic characteristics of complex radiotechnical systems depending on quantity and quality of electronic elements within them

The article describes possible ways of improvement of assessment means of probabilistic characteristics of various complex radiotechnical systems. These ways are presented as practical examples of application of the methodology of assessment of a probability of failure of a given number of electronic elements within a complex radiotechical system depending on a maxi-mum likelihood of failure of one electronic element and the overall number of elements within the system. In actual practice, the proposed methodology is implemented through the software «Analysis and assessment of probabilistic characteristics of systems»

Parametric oscillation and amplification with gate controlled capacitor-within-capacitor

Parametric oscillators and parametric amplifiers are known for their ‘quiet’ operation and find new applications in quantum circuitry. A Capacitor-within-Capacitor (CWC) is a nested electronic element that has two components: the cell (e.g., the outer capacitor) and the gate (e.g., the inner capacitor). Here we provide analysis and experiments on diode-interfaced, CWC that exhibit parametric oscillations and parametric amplifications. By replacing the diode with a doped nano-graphene junction, we demonstrated a new structure whose doping may be electronically and chemically controlled. Advantages of these elements are in their simplicity, large relative capacitance change (of the order of 50%), separation of pump and signal channels and possibility for large integration.

A Complete Flow of Miniaturizing Coil Antennas Based on Matching Circuit

This paper proposes and verifies a complete design flow of miniaturizing a coil antenna and widening its impedance bandwidth for near-field application, such as NFC, RFID and WPT. The proposed scheme based on mature electronic element matching technology is interpreted in detail by two equivalent circuit models in theory. For convenience, only the series equivalent circuit and its matching circuit are respectively established in the circuit simulator ADS and ANSYS HFSS to assess the scheme proposed from two aspects. The parallel equivalent circuit can be optimized by a similar approach. Then, a WPT system is established in HFSS to further verify the feasibility of miniaturization. Finally, the dimension of the coil antenna can be reduced by about 70%, and its impedance bandwidth can be increased by approximately 40% after two electronic modules are integrated.

Memristors: Understanding, Utilization and Upgradation for Neuromorphic Computing

The next generation of artificial intelligence systems is generally governed by a new electronic element called memristor. Memristor-based computational system is responsible for confronting memory wall issues in conventional system architecture in the big data era. Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) compatibility, nonvolatility and scalability are the important properties of memristor for designing such computing architecture. However, some of the concerns, such as analogue switching and stochasticity, need to be addressed for the use of memristor in novel architecture. Here, we reviewed a number of important scientific works on memristor materials, electrical performance and their integration. In addition, strategies to address the challenges of memristor integration in neuromorphic computing are also being investigated.

Unsharpness of Thermograms in Thermography Diagnostics of Electronic Elements

Work temperature is a factor, which has a strong influence on the work of a semiconductor electronic element. Operation of an electronic element in an excessive temperature causes the element not to work correctly. For this reason, monitoring the temperature of the element is necessary. One of the methods, which allows the monitoring of electronic element temperature is thermography. This non-contact method can also be used during the operation of the electronic element. The reading of a thermal camera depends on several factors. One of these factors is the sharpness of the registered thermograms. For this reason, research was carried out to develop a simple tool that allows a clear classification of thermograms of electronic elements into sharp and unsharp thermograms. In the research carried-out, the sharpness of the registered thermograms of electronic elements was determined by different sharpness measures. In the research, it was shown that in the case of thermograms classified as sharp, a smaller error of temperature measurement was obtained with the use of a thermal imaging camera.

Programming of Memristive Artificial Synaptic Crossbar Network Using PWM Techniques

Memristor resembles an artificial synapse and is considered to be basic electronic element for realizing neuromorphic circuits. In this work, a systematic investigation was conducted on memristor-based resistance-programming circuits to write analog data into a memristor utilizing pulse width modulation techniques. The high-frequency sinusoidal signal was utilized to read the data in the form of its electronic resistance. An optimum circuit configuration demonstrated multilevel stable resistive states, which are analogous to the connection weights in the human synapse. In order to modulate these memristive weights for representing the learning activities in human brain synapse, it was identified that the pulse width modulation technique is superior as compared to spike-timing-dependent plasticity. Further, the above analysis was utilized in training the memristor to update its resistive weights in consonance with its learning, analogous to that in a neural network. Further, the memristive crossbar architecture was utilized to implement a real-time application in Econometrics, where an array of memristors were utilized to learn and update the purchase trends of an [Formula: see text] matrix of customers. The proposed circuits possess the advantages of high packing density, low power consumption and nonvolatility, and also pave the way for developing future neuromorphic circuits.

A computer-assisted stand for testing transistors used in the automotive industry

The article discusses the transistor as an electronic element increasingly used in the automotive industry. The types, types and ways of selecting and diagnosing transistors in terms of automotive applications are presented. The most important features of the transistor in automotive applications are indicated. Methods of measuring the most important transistor parameters for automotive applications, including the use of computer measuring technology in quickly obtaining significant transistor characteristics are shown.

Live Electronic Music

Defining live electronic music is a problematic and increasingly difficult critical task (Emmerson, 2007, 89–90; see also Collins, 2007, 38–54; Radford, 2008, 158–166). Attempts at pinning down the term are marked by the "plurality and hazy definitions" generally encountered in the analysis of electronic music (Peters, 2012, 3). The term and the musical concepts that it entails are moving targets: new developments in technology and organology continue to redefine the genre. For the purposes of this article, live electronic music is performance in which the electronic element influences or is influenced by the performers in some interactive way. This definition is informed by the notion that live electronic music can best be understood as a performance strategy rather than a compositional technique.

Multi-ferroic and magnetoelectric materials and interfaces

The existence of multiple ferroic orders in the same material and the coupling between them have been known for decades. However, these phenomena have mostly remained the theoretical domain owing to the fact that in single-phase materials such couplings are rare and weak. This situation has changed dramatically recently for at least two reasons: first, advances in materials fabrication have made it possible to manufacture these materials in structures of lower dimensionality, such as thin films or wires, or in compound structures such as laminates and epitaxial-layered heterostructures. In these designed materials, new degrees of freedom are accessible in which the coupling between ferroic orders can be greatly enhanced. Second, the miniaturization trend in conventional electronics is approaching the limits beyond which the reduction of the electronic element is becoming more and more difficult. One way to continue the current trends in computer power and storage increase, without further size reduction, is to use multi-functional materials that would enable new device capabilities. Here, we review the field of multi-ferroic (MF) and magnetoelectric (ME) materials, putting the emphasis on electronic effects at ME interfaces and MF tunnel junctions.