Case Report: Good Prognosis of Mixed Alien Hand Syndrome by Verbal-Cue Rehabilitation Exercise

Mixed alien hand syndrome is a rare disease reported in the literature. The mixed callosal–frontal variant of alien hand syndrome is associated with uncoordinated hand movements, and patients may present with an involuntary grasp reflex and intermanual conflict. There are few videos in the existing literature on the comparison of patients' condition before and after recovery of the symptoms of mixed alien hand syndrome. We presented the prognosis of mixed alien hand syndrome in the form of a video. In addition, we have included some videos on the comparison of the condition of patients before and after recovery of the symptoms of mixed alien hand syndrome. A 57-year-old woman presented with left-handed intermanual conflict and right-handed involuntary grasp reflex due to infarction of the frontal lobe and corpus callosum. She was diagnosed with a mixed callosal–frontal variant of alien hand syndrome. Her left hand counteracted the purposeful movements of the right hand. However, the intermanual conflict disappeared after 3 months of therapy, including drug treatment and verbal-cue rehabilitation, and she regained normal coordination of her hand movements. Her prognosis was good despite the large corpus callosum lesions. The uncoordinated hand movements of the patient affected her daily life and caused psychological problems. Initiating rehabilitation early was important and necessary for her to regain coordination. It is possible that the verbal-cue training method played an important role in the recovery of the patient. Therefore, this method of rehabilitation deserves consideration and can be adopted in larger cohort studies as we presented only a single case. The possible mechanisms behind the verbal-cue exercise require further studies, and this patient had a good prognosis despite severe corpus callosum injury, which may merit further investigation.

REVIEWING RARE SYNDROMES

This article is an examination of the Rare Syndromes The scientific development and subsequent “syndromes” continues to influence the researchers all over the globe today. This article examines the research done and published by researchers and scientists. Consideration of current trends and data in scientific queries and demonstrates further aspects of auto brewery syndrome, alien hand syndrome, Alice in wonderland syndrome. Additionally, this article explores options for syndrome listed with some significance. Keywords: Rare Syndromes, Autobrewery Syndrome, Alien Hand Syndrome, Alice In Wonderland Syndrome.

Alien hand and complex regional pain syndromes during rehabilitation program

Introduction: Alien hand syndrome (AHS) belongs to the group of asymmetrical movement symptoms that are a characteristic picture of neurodegenerative diseases such as corticobasal degeneration syndrome (CBS). Changes in the musculoskeletal system such as dystonia, bradykinesia and myoclonus may also occur in the subacute stage of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I. Aim: To learn about difficulties related to diagnosis and rehabilitation of a patient with AHS and CRPS type I complicated by an upper limb fracture. Case study: A case of a patient admitted to the rehabilitation department with compulsive unilateral involuntary groping and grasping movements of the left hand for about half a year is presented. The woman has been suspected of CBS. A few months after the diagnosis, the patient was admitted to the rehabilitation ward, where she suffered an elbow fracture during exercise. Two months after fracture, type I CRPS was diagnosed. Results and discussion: AHS in CBS and CRPS type I may have a similar clinical picture, which makes differentiation difficult. It is very rare that both diseases coexist with each other. They can also lead to a number of unwanted symptoms such as limb fractures. Conclusions: CRPS may increase the symptoms of dystonia due to other causes. Patients with AHS and dystonia are more likely to break because of rapid movements alone or because of immobilization and osteoporotic changes. As a result, treatment and rehabilitation cannot be based on a questionable diagnosis of a neurological syndrome.

New measures of agency from an adaptive sensorimotor task

Self-agency, the sense that one is the author or owner of one’s behaviors, is impaired in multiple psychological and neurological disorders, including functional movement disorders, Parkinson’s Disease, alien hand syndrome, schizophrenia, and dystonia. Existing assessments of self-agency, many of which focus on agency of movement, can be prohibitively time-consuming and often yield ambiguous results. Here, we introduce a short online motion tracking task that quantifies movement agency through both first-order perceptual and second-order metacognitive judgments. The task assesses the degree to which a participant can distinguish between a motion stimulus whose trajectory is influenced by the participant’s cursor movements and a motion stimulus whose trajectory is random. We demonstrate the task’s reliability in healthy participants and discuss how its efficiency, reliability, and ease of online implementation make it a promising new tool for both diagnosing and understanding disorders of agency.

New measures of agency from an adaptive sensorimotor task

Self-agency, the sense that one is the author or owner of one’s behaviors, is impaired in multiple psychological and neurological disorders, including functional movement disorders, Parkinson’s Disease, alien hand syndrome, schizophrenia, and dystonia. Existing assessments of self-agency, many of which focus on agency of movement, can be prohibitively time-consuming and often yield ambiguous results. Here, we introduce a short online motion tracking task that quantifies movement agency through both first-order perceptual and second-order metacognitive judgments. The task assesses the degree to which a participant can distinguish between a motion stimulus whose trajectory is influenced by the participant’s cursor movements and a motion stimulus whose trajectory is random. We demonstrate the task’s reliability in healthy participants and discuss how its efficiency, reliability, and ease of online implementation make it a promising new tool for both diagnosing and understanding disorders of agency.

Strangled by Dr Strangelove? Anarchic hand following a posterior cerebral artery territory ischemic stroke

Anarchic hand is a rare condition where the complex movements of one hand appear to be goal directed and smoothly executed and yet are unintended and unwanted. Unlike alien hand syndrome, the patients recognise that the affected hand is part of their own body. They know the hand is theirs, but they deny having control over its actions. The syndrome has been reported after surgery on the corpus callosum and with brain tumours, aneurysms, degenerative diseases of the brain and uncommonly with stroke. We present a case of a 74-year-old man who developed an anarchic right hand following thrombolysis for a posterior cerebral artery territory ischemic stroke.