Dove va la COIRAG? Dove va la psicoterapia psicoanalitica?

- The question in the title gives the author the opportunity to "take stock of" the state of psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy, as, from a statutory viewpoint, COIRAG belongs to this sphere, even though it mainly focuses on the various aspects of group analysis and research. The article points out how difficult it is to define current psychoanalytic psychotherapy as such, since, according to the author, it has not satisfactorily solved the incongruities that were present in Freud's original theories. Thus, different orientations have emerged that are often intensified by such incongruities. Conflicting areas of psychotherapy where oppositions are created that - often - only make sense because they express irrelevant original theoretical defects are examined: for instance, the idea that "drive" is in contrast with "relation" or else the evaluation, or, on the contrary, the devaluation of Freudian metapsychology. Finally, the author identifies what can be allowed and developed in classical psychoanalytical tradition, presenting an outline of a practical-theoretical model for psychotherapy that he also points out as a prospect for COIRAG's development. .Parole chiave: psicoterapia, psicoanalisi, neuroscienze, scientificitŕ, relazione, sogno. .Key words: psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, neurosciences, scientificity, relation, dream.

Dove va la psicoterapia? Dove va la COIRAG?

- This note means to call attention to the present frontiers of psychotherapy based on the concepts of multiplicity, project planning, complexity, integrations, valuation, etc. Group thought and group clinic are identified as great ways of contributing significantly to the present evolution of psychotherapy in the world. Attention to theoretical models and to membership must be laicized and integrated with attention to standard procedures, working methods, the setting up of a personalized cure plan for each single patient, as well as to empirical, clinical and theoretical research. Moreover, the high potential today of adopting an analytical attitude in using and elaborating several kinds of clinical groups is highlighted. Finally, the questions raised by Claudio Merlo at the opening of the present debate are integrated and brought up again. .Parole chiave: psicoterapia, gruppo, integrazione, valutazione, ricerca, modello teorico. .Key words: psychotherapy, group, integration, valuation, research, theoretical model.

Perché la ricerca in psicoterapia non puň esaurire le peculiaritŕ della clinica. Per un'integrazione epistemologica

- After having stated that the notion of validation is wider than the notion of empirical verification, the Author stresses that psychotherapy research, though epistemologically necessary, in principle and for factual reasons cannot work as a substitute of all the particularities of clinical experience. This detailed critical analysis is not aimed at condemning empirical research, but at sharpening research methods and techniques, especially considering the dimensions of subjectivity, in order to integrate research with clinical experience. Nevertheless, the programmatic choice of empirical research to use - for reasons of "scientific objectivity" - a point of view which is external to the therapeutic relationship proposes again the gap between an empirical-objective approach (the world how it is) and a phenomenologicalsubjective approach (the world how I feel it and experience it).KEY WORDS: psychotherapy research, epistemology, integration, phenomenological approach, clinical experience