PENGARUH DUKUNGAN ORGANISASI DAN KEJELASAN TUGAS SERTA LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP MOTIVASI DAN PROFESIONAL KERJA PERAWAT DI RSUD JARAGA SASAMEH BUNTOK

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Dukungan Organisasi, Kejelasan Tugas, Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Motivasi Kerja Perawat dan Profesional Kerja juga untuk menganalisa pengaruh Motivasi Kerja terhadap Profesional Kerja Perawat di RSUD Jaraga Sasameh Buntok. Model path analysis digunakan untuk menganalisis pola hubungan antar variabel dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh langsung dan pengaruh tidak langsung seperangkat variabel bebas (eksogen) terhadap variabel terikat (endogen). Model path analysis yang dibicarakan adalah pola hubungan sebab akibat atau “a set of hypothesized causal asymmetric relation among the variables”. Kata Kunci : Dukungan Organisasi, Kejelasan Tugas; Lingkungan Kerja; Motivasi dan Profesional Kerja. Abstract: This study aims to analyze the influence of organizational support, clarity of tasks, work environment on employee motivation and work professionalism as well as to analyze the effect of work motivation on professional work employees of RSUD Jaraga Sasameh Buntok. The path analysis model is used to analyze the pattern of relationships between variables in order to determine the direct and indirect effect of a set of independent (exogenous) variables on the dependent variable (endogenous). The path analysis model discussed is a pattern of causal relationships or "a set of hypothesized causal asymmetric relations among the variables". Keywords: Organizational Support, Clarity of Tasks; Work environment; Motivation and professional.

Types of Complex Fuzzy Relations with Applications in Future Commission Market

In this paper, we introduce types of relations on complex fuzzy sets such as the complex fuzzy (CF) inverse relation, complex fuzzy reflexive relation, complex fuzzy symmetric relation, complex fuzzy antisymmetric relation, complex fuzzy transitive relation, complex fuzzy irreflexive relation, complex fuzzy asymmetric relation, complex fuzzy equivalence relation, and complex fuzzy-order relation. We study some basic results and particular examples of these relations. Moreover, we discuss the applications of complex fuzzy relations in Future Commission Market (FCM). We show that the introduction of CF relations to applications of FCMs can give a significant method for describing the temporal dependence between parameters of a Future Commission Market.

Remoteness, islands and islandness

Through an explorative overview of a number of approaches to what remoteness is, in terms of language, discourse, and fantasy, how it is established spatially and temporally by movements and perspectives, by how connections are set up, and by how boundaries are drawn and crossed, this paper argues that remoteness is a) produced rather than discovered; b) an asymmetric relation between two parties from which emanates certain features, practices, and affective modes; c) a category to think with rather than an object for such thinking; d) a device that frames and structures the positioning and experiencing of time and place; and e) a part of the logic that organises the world in terms of power and control. Of longstanding concern in island studies is what constitutes ‘the island’. Much of the discussion is built on an undertheorised and broadly accepted dichotomisation between ‘literal’ and ‘metaphorical’ understandings of islands. What the overview suggests is a third position: ‘the island’ as an intensively multirelational phenomenon constituted by the constant sliding between islands as physical places and all the figures of thought attached to such places.

WORDPLAY IN DICKENS’S NOVELS AND WAYS OF THEIR TRANSLATION

The article deals with the general problem of wordplay and its translation. The relevance of the problem is accounted for by the powerful role of wordplay or puns in creating in special artistic atmosphere of any belle-letter sample and difficulties in its translating. The novels by Ch. Dickens have drawn attention of hundreds, if not thousands, researchers. A greater part of them pays attention to the literary side; the papers dealing with his language are quite versatile as well. But we have not yet met the comprehensive description and classification of Dickens’s puns. The aim of our paper is to classify cases of wordplay in the novels by Ch. Dickens and some possible ways of their translation. To achieve this aim we solved the following tasks: a) to choose a reliable definition of wordplay, or pun; b) to create a set of examples taken from Dickens’ novels and their translation into Russian and Ukrainian which are available at the site Gutenberg Project (https://www.gutenberg.org); c) to classify the puns; d) to analyze ways of their translation. The translation of puns is a really great problem and there exist different ways of solving it. Having analyzed Dickens’ puns and wordplay we can summarize that these ones can be subdivided into personal and common; alphabetical, morphemic and word; homonymic, patronymic and polysemantic. The correlation between puns in the original and translation can be described as their direct relation (pun – pun), asymmetric relation (pun – no pun; no pun – pun) and extralinguistic additions. The prospects of our investigation are connected with the study of Dickens’ art of creating individual manner of speech.

Causal Non-Symmetry

Causation is a non-symmetric rather than asymmetric relation. Different bases of causal non-symmetry include an asymmetry of overdetermination, the independence condition, and agency. Causal non-symmetry can be rooted in one or more of these three while also recognizing a fourth non-symmetry appealing to a primitive non-symmetric chance-raising. Each counts as an appropriate basis for causal non-symmetry because it is a (partial) realization of non-symmetric chance-raising. Key moves involve a refinement of how to understand the way in which the asymmetry of overdetermination works, and how it interacts with the revised similarity weighting, the contribution of the independence condition to a proper understanding of the transition period, the role that appeals to primitive non-symmetric chance-raising should play in the treatment of problem cases, the circumstances in which an appeal to an interlevel non-symmetry of agency may be appropriate, and the priority ordering of these various realizations of causal non-symmetry.

Asymmetric Distribution Measure for Few-shot Learning

The core idea of metric-based few-shot image classification is to directly measure the relations between query images and support classes to learn transferable feature embeddings. Previous work mainly focuses on image-level feature representations, which actually cannot effectively estimate a class's distribution due to the scarcity of samples. Some recent work shows that local descriptor based representations can achieve richer representations than image-level based representations. However, such works are still based on a less effective instance-level metric, especially a symmetric metric, to measure the relation between a query image and a support class. Given the natural asymmetric relation between a query image and a support class, we argue that an asymmetric measure is more suitable for metric-based few-shot learning. To that end, we propose a novel Asymmetric Distribution Measure (ADM) network for few-shot learning by calculating a joint local and global asymmetric measure between two multivariate local distributions of a query and a class. Moreover, a task-aware Contrastive Measure Strategy (CMS) is proposed to further enhance the measure function. On popular miniImageNet and tieredImageNet, ADM can achieve the state-of-the-art results, validating our innovative design of asymmetric distribution measures for few-shot learning. The source code can be downloaded from https://github.com/WenbinLee/ADM.git.

Impact of US Economic Policy Uncertainty on Geopolitical Risk. Evidence from BRIC Economies

This paper estimates the relationship between US economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk in the BRIC economies.1 Due to the assumption of a non-linear and asymmetric relation between US economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk of BRIC countries, a nonparametric estimation technique, Quantile on Quantile approach has been used for empirical analysis. The empirical results revealed that the relationship between the US economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk of BRIC economies is heterogeneous in nature. We noted that economic policy uncertainty in the US is negatively related to geopolitical risk in Chinese and Russian economies. However, for Indian and Brazilian economies US economic policy uncertainty is positively related to geopolitical risk. The outcomes of the study will be helpful for the investors and financial market players for taking investment decisions. It will also benefit the legislators and policymakers in making policies that could make their respective economies insulated from foreign policy risks.

Working Capital Management in Indonesia: An Analysis on Over-investment and Under-investment Firms

This study aims to examine the existence of excess working capital in Indonesian firms and its effect on the firms’ performance and risk. The sample includes 425 firm-year observations of Indonesian manufacturing firms for the period 2010 – 2014. To account for the potential asymmetric relation between excess Net Working Capital (NWC) and firm performance, an asymmetric regression model is employed, allowing the slope coefficient of the excess NWC to be different for positive and negative excess NWC. The results indicate (i) the existence of an optimal level of working capital, (ii) higher excess working capital leads to lower performance and risk, (iii) additional investment in working capital reduces firms’ performance for those with positive excess working capital. It is also documented that (iv) additional investment in working capital reduces firms’ risk for those that have working capital deficiencies. The findings have important implications for corporate managers in determining the optimal level of working capital.