A Case of Ovarian Dysplasia and a Vaginal Fibroleiomyoma in a Young Golden Retriever

This case demonstrates a unique ovarian congenital anomaly that likely contributed to the development of a rare fibroleiomyoma in the cranial vagina of a young bitch. A 13 month old intact female Golden Retriever presented to the veterinary teaching hospital for urinary incontinence, hematuria, and persistent vaginal discharge. Physical examination revealed a mucopurulent serosanguinous malodorous vulvar discharge, and after further diagnostics was reclassified as persistent estrus. Abdominal palpation and ultrasound revealed uterine thickening and poorly visualized ovaries. The reproductive tract was removed during an ovariohysterectomy, revealing small ovaries and a white anterior vaginal mass. Histopathology revealed dysplastic ovaries with hyperplastic granulosa cells and a benign vaginal fibroleiomyoma. These morphologic changes are consistent with elevated estrogen levels. It was thus concluded that her persistent estrus and the fibroleiomyoma were both secondary to persistent estrogen production by the hyperplastic granulosa cells.

A Case of Pseudopregnancy in a Bitch

A case of pseudopregnacy was presented to Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria. Eighteen (18) months old bitch weighing 15kg was presentedclinical signs suspected to be pseudopregnacy, which was observed four weeks after the bitch came on heat (estrus). The clinical signs observed were restlessness, anorexia, aggression, nesting behaviour and licking of mammary gland. On clinical examination it was observed that bitch had enlarged mammary glands and milk secretion. The physiological parameters were found to be within the normal range. Abdominal palpation, ultrasonography and vagina cytology were carried out to confirm pregnancy. Due to absence of foetuses on abdominal palpation and ultrasonography and presence of scanty epithelial cells in vaginal cytology, it was confirmed and concluded to be a case of pseudopregnancy. Causes, treatment and other associated factors with pseudopregnancy were further discussed.

NOTES ON AN ARTIFICIAL ROOST OF Myotis albescens (CHIROPTERA, VESPERTILIONIDAE) IN SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Myotis albescens has a wide distribution, occurring from southern Mexico to central Argentina and Uruguay, where it is usually caught near streams or flooded areas. M. albescens roosts during the day in cavities such as hollow logs, rock cavities, and buildings. Here, we describe a group of M. albescens roosting in a highway underpass in an Atlantic Forest area in Rancharia, southeastern Brazil. The group was found inside a culvert with a shallow stream passing through it. The animals left the roost and were mist-netted in the first hours of the night. The M. albescens group was composed of 18 individuals, eleven males and seven females. In October, all males had descended testes and two females were pregnant, as confirmed by abdominal palpation. Morphological characters of the specimens fell in the known variation for the species. Our data show that highway underpasses can be important day roosts for bats, especially if riparian areas are preserved

Clinical Evaluation of Mifepristone along with Cabergoline in the Treatment of Close Pyometra in Labrador Bitch-A Case Report

Pyometra is one of the most common diseases in intact bitches. The aim of the present communication was to evaluate the effectiveness of medical treatment for the close pyometra in a bitch. The diagnosis of pyometra was made by correlating the history and clinical signs with the findings of abdominal palpation and ultrasonography. The physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated before and after treatment. Treatment of canine pyometra using a combination of progesterone receptor blocker (Mifepristone), anti-prolactin (Cabergoline) along with supportive therapy showed very efficacious alternative option over traditional ovario-hysterectomy (OHE) or which are critical for operative procedure.

Estimation of Fetal Weight by Clinical Methods and Ultrasonography and Comparing With Actual Birth Weight

Introduction: Assessment of fetal weight is a vital factor in antenatal care, not only in the management of labor and delivery but also in identifying fetal weight disorders. Objective: This study compares the accuracy of clinical methods and ultrasonography in Estimating Fetal Weight (EFW) with Actual Birth Weight (ABW) in term pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This diagnostic test evaluation study was performed on 247 single-term pregnant women admitted to an educational, therapeutic hospital in Rasht City, Iran. In this study, abdominal palpation, Johnson’s formula, Insler’s formula, and ultrasonography were used to estimate fetal weight. One-sample t-test, the Chi-square, and the Bland-Altman plot were used to compare the diagnostic value of fetal weight estimation methods. The accuracy of tests was estimated based on sensitivity and specificity in fetal weight groups (below 2500 g, 2500- 4000 g, and above 4000 g) by the Bland-Altman plot. Results: The participating pregnant women had a Mean±SD age of 28.86±4.24 years, body mass index of 32.98±6.0 kg/m2, and gestational age of 39±1.04 wk. Their Mean±SD actual birth weight was 3343.352±432.799 gr, Also, the Mean±SD birth weight found by abdominal palpation was 3371.053±345.561 gr, Mean±SD birth weight by Johnson’s formula 3041.206 ±411 gr, by Insler’s formula 3556.316±531.567 gr, and by ultrasonography 3294.28±380.09 gr, Based on the one-sample t-test, the abdominal palpation had the lowest (P=0.261), and the Insler’s formula (P=0.001) had the highest difference with the actual birth weight. Regarding the fetal weight groups, Insler’s formula (96.33%) was highly accurate in Low Birth Weight (LBW), but abdominal palpation (91.09%) was more accurate in normal weight and macrosomia (94.72%) groups. There was a significant difference between clinical methods with ABW (P=0.026). Conclusion: Clinical methods are accessible, affordable, and available and can estimate fetal weight in developing countries, especially in our country.

Serum Progesterone profile of pregnant Ettawa crossbred does at day-0, -21, -42, -63 and -84

This study aimed to determine the progesterone concentrations of Ettawa crossbred does at day-0, -21, -42, -63, and -84 after mating. Five Ettawa crossbred does were injected with PGF2α twice with an interval of 11 days for estrous synchronization followed by natural mating on day-3 after the second PGF2α injection. Blood was collected through the jugular vein for the measurement of serum progesterone concentrations using ELISA, whereas pregnancy was diagnosed at 90 days after mating by abdominal palpation. The results showed that all does were on estrus onthethird day after the second PGF2α, three of them diagnosed to be pregnant following mating. The progesterone concentration at day-0 was 1.52 ± 0.33 ng/mL, increased (p <0.05) to 7.08 ± 1.02 and 5.50 ± 2.82 ng/mL at day-21 and day-42, and increased (p <0.05) again to 12.01 ± 5.30 and 12.04 ± 0.30 ng/mL at day 63 and day 84, respectively. There was no significant difference in progesterone concentrations between day 21 and day 42 and between day 63 and day 84. It could be concluded that there was a biphasic increase of progesterone concentrations of the pregnant Ettawa crossbred does, i.e. from day-0 to day-21/day-42 and from day-21/day-42 to day-63/day-84.

Methodical abdominal palpation: the history of the development of the method

Despite the development of instrumental and laboratory methods, objective examination of a patient is an important diagnostic doctors tool, especially at the first contact with the patient and in outpatient practice. The physician Frantz Glnard (18481920) [France] and russian professors Vasily P. Obraztsov (18511920) and Theodor Georg (Fyodor) Hausmann (18681944) developed methodical abdominal palpation, which entered clinical practice a little more than a hundred years ago. Their brief biographies and scientific achievements are review, and the contribution of each of them to the creation of the abdomens palpation is discussed in the article. For the first time, some aspects of F.O. Hausmanns biography from archival sources are present and clarify.

Non-functional neuroendocrine tumor with multisystemic metastasis in a cat

An eight-year-old castrated female feline was referred for necropsy with a history of apathy, inappetence, abdominal distension, hypersensitivity to abdominal palpation, and evidence of abdominal neoplasms on ultrasound. Macroscopically, multifocal to coalescent, yellowish-white, firm and infiltrative nodules were observed on the surface of the parietal peritonium and in abdominal and thoracic organs. Microscopic characteristics of the neoplasm suggested a neuroendocrine origin, but did not allow a definitive diagnosis and determination of the origin. Immunohistochemistry revealed that neoplastic cells expressed vimentin, CD56, neuron specific enolase, and PGP 9.5 and were negative for biogenic amines and hormonal peptides. Based on anatomopathological and immunohistochemical findings, diagnosis of metastatic non-functional neuroendocrine tumor was confirmed.

622 Potential Application of Electrocardiographs (ECG) to Diagnose Breech Presentations of Fetuses

Breech presentation, i.e. the abnormal lie of a foetus longitudinally with the buttocks closest to the mother’s cervix, is a common issue affecting up to 5% of women during delivery resulting in poor outcomes such as traumatic labour, infection and increased neonatal mortality. Currently, abdominal palpation is the screening method of choice for breech presentation; however, 15,000 breech presentations remain undiagnosed across England annually. While routine ultrasonography has been suggested, its cost-effectiveness and scalability remain concerning, especially in low/middle-income countries. Various algorithms have been applied to maternal trans-abdominal ECGs to obtain foetal ECGs, but current applications only allow heart rates, congenital heart defects, hypoxia, and foetal distress to be identified. The use of ECG is proposed to determine foetal position as breech foetuses tend to display QRS complexes in a similar pattern to the maternal trace, whereas cephalic foetuses would demonstrate inverted QRS complexes. ECGs are cost-effective, safe and do not require highly skilled technicians to operate, which makes it an ideal starting platform for the development of a device with high sensitivity and reasonable diagnostic speeds to identify breech foetuses. Future considerations include the use of artificial intelligence to increase diagnostic accuracy and development of a patient-facing mobile application.