Managing Safety and Ensuring Asset Integrity Through Judicious PFP Application

Passive fire protection (PFP) is applied to steel structures in process plants to delay temperature rise and maintain structural integrity until active firefighting methods are deployed and fire is contained. Our largest gas plant was developed in several phases spanning over 25years with fireproofing designed and applied as per existing philosophy during respective execution phases. During recent Risk Management Survey, potential gaps in fireproofing were observed and survey recommended a campaign to review and identify similar gaps across entire Plant. This paper highlights the approach for gap identification, assessment and optimal recommendations which ensure safety and asset integrity while avoiding high OPEX. Fire hazard evaluation is carried out based on risk assessment of fire and hydrocarbon leakage scenarios in process plant, and recommendations for fire prevention, protection and firefighting measures are provided. Requirement of fire protection is dependent on fire source and resulting fire influence zone (fireproofing zone drawings, FPZ). Structures which are located within the FPZ are then evaluated as per identified criteria in a sequential approach (e.g. whether sudden collapse will cause significant damage, structure supports equipment containing toxic material etc.). Further detailed assessment of structural members and their impact on overall structural stability and integrity is carried out for identified structures to determine fireproofing needs. Based on the outcome, fireproofing is applied for identified members. The scope involved assessment of structural steel fireproofing in the entire complex comprising of over 40 numbers process units and 12 numbers utility units. Several teams conducted physical site survey to identify the actual fireproofing based on zone drawings across the entire plant. Desktop assessment and identification of gaps were carried out primarily based on Project fireproofing specifications, fireproofing zone drawings, fireproofing location drawings, fireproofing schedule, structural design calculations and 3-D models wherever available for respective areas. Study revealed that actual fireproofing at site in each phase of plant is consistent within all process units installed as part of that particular project, however inconsistencies were observed when compared across the different phases, probably due to different interpretation of requirements. To ensure consistency a common criteria was established considering fire source, equipment supported by structure, criticality of member and industry standards. Optimized solutions was recommended to avoid high OPEX while ensuring asset integrity and safety. Fireproofing criteria are general guidelines susceptible to various interpretations by respective users. Establishment of common criteria and elimination of ambiguities in specifications enables consistent application of fireproofing, resulting in optimization while ensuring asset safety and integrity. The approach adopted by ADNOC Gas Processing can be shared with other group companies to enable each organization be prepared to justify the actions in case of any external / internal audits.

The Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Halyomorpha halys Stål.) Influences Pungent and Non-Pungent Capsicum cultivars’ Pre- and Post-Harvest Quality

Halyomorpha halys is an important invasive pest that causes severe damage to fruits and vegetables. Peppers are susceptible to infestation by H. halys, resulting in yield losses. Plants respond to the insect infestation with a metabolic response. With this study, we attempted to determine the intensity of the metabolic response of infested peppers, how pungent and non-pungent peppers react to the infestation, and how the H. halys affects the post-harvest quality of both cultivars. The shelf life of the infested peppers did not change compared to the control treatments. We observed a drastic decrease in metabolite levels after storage in all three treatments in both cultivars, especially capsaicinoids, with an approximate decrease of 30% in the pericarp and 95% in the placenta of the pungent ‘Eris F1’. In some cases, the accumulation of metabolites was not limited to the fruit exposed to the H. halys infestation, but to the entire plant. We observed a 15-fold increase in capsaicinoid content in the infested fruits of cultivar ‘Eris F1’ and a 4-fold increase in the pericarp of cultivar ‘Lombardo tago’, which could lead to a possible further study on the defensive function of capsaicinoids and their use against H. halys.

Hop-like alfalfa as an object of introduction into culture

It was found that the most promising strains of nodule bacteria XM1 and 412b are the most promising for inoculation of the Mira variety, the former increased the collection of dry matter by 96%, the latter by 81%, seeds by 115 and 73%. Strain XM1 was isolated from the nodules of the same wild population of alfalfa in the hop-like Moscow region from which the variety Mira was formed by the method of chemical mutagenesis. Strains 412b and XM 1 can be recommended for pre-sowing inoculation of the Mira variety when cultivated for feed and seeds, and the XM6 strain - when cultivated for seeds. The latter increases the seed yield by 84%, and the green mass by only 31%. Strains XM2, XM5 and XM6 shift the metabolism of the alfalfa-rhizobial system towards an increase in the number of seeds. The proportion of seeds increases to 24-31% of the mass of the entire plant, in other symbiotic systems this figure is 19-22%. A promising breeding number of hop alfalfa VIC 26 has been created, which is 58% more productive than the Mira variety when grown in the traditional way and by 65% when inoculated with the A2 strain.

Ethnomedicinal properties of orchidaceae by local communities in Lake Toba region, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Orchids are plant species with beauty and medicinal purposes, but, limited exploration has been conducted on potential utilization of Orchidaceae for medicinal purposes. This study aims to describe the local wisdom in utilization of Orchidaceae in traditional medicine and to identify the phyto-chemical content in particular orchid species which utilized for herbal medicine by local communities in the Lake Toba region. The study was conducted through exploration and in-depth interviews with 24 local communities that applied orchids in their traditional medicine in Karo, Simalungun and Toba of North Sumatra during 2020 to 2021. This study also reviewed various phyto-chemical content and safety issues of orchids utilization. The study identified about 23 orchid species from 15 genera as a main therapeutic agent. Various parts or entire plant are various parts of plant including roots, leaves, stems, flowers or entire plant contain phytochemical compounds with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, antipyretic properties, and applied for various medicinal. Some of well-known orchids are Anoectochilus formosanus and Calanthe triplicata. The entire plants are applied in traditional medicine to smooth the liver, to treat rheumatism, diabetes, bronchitis, wound infection, tonic or detoxification. These activities are due to various bio-active compounds, mainly alkaloids, stilbenoids, dimeric phenanthrenes, flavonoids, triterpenoids, etc. These information have been illustrated the excellent potential of Orchidaceae for novel constituents of therapeutic and herbal medicine.

Standardization and Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Barleria buxifolia Linn and Barleria cuspidata Heyne Ex Nees

Standardization of herbal drugs is a significant for staying away from of adulteration and in recognizable proof of unadulterated herbal drugs. World Health Organization determined explicit rules for the assessment of the wellbeing, adequacy and caliber of herbal drugs. The current examination was attempted to the standardization of entire plant of Barleria buxifolia Linn and Barleria cuspidata Heyne Ex Nees and to assess the fundamental phytochemical investigation. Both the plants are shrub once in a while circulated in waste lands, helpless soil and along streets. In this investigation the dried entire plant of Barleria buxifolia and Barleria cuspidata were assessed for organoleptic characters, physicochemical boundaries of pH, loss on drying, ash values and fundamental phytochemical examination for distinguishing of chemical constituents. The information acquired by the current examination shows all the qualities with in the determination of WHO and all these may be accommodating in distinguishing of this therapeutic plant and may likewise supportive in forestalling its debasement.

AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF WHOLE PLANT OF HYPTIS SUAVEOLENS (L.) POIT: AN ANTI-ULCER AGENT

The aim of current experimental study was to determine anti-ulcer potential of Watery extricate of Hyptis suaveolens entire plant (AEHS) on the Wister strain albino rats. The Watery extricate of Hyptis suaveolens entire plant (in two different doses, 250mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) was allowed for anti-ulcer activity against Pylorus ligation induced model in Wistar albino rats. Omeprazole (20mg/kg) was used as standard for the evaluation of activity. Parameters like Proportion of Ulcer protection was reckoned based on Ulcer index and Digestive juice volume, pH and acidity of gastric juice, Mucus production and Pepsin estimation, tensile strength. The AEHS with 500 mg/kg dose was shown significant anti-ulcer activity when compared with the control group.

Begonia tinuyopensis (sect. Petermannia, Begoniaceae), a new species from Zamboanga Del Norte, Philippines

Begonia tinuyopensis is described and illustrated as a new species from Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. This new species resembles B. mearnsii by having a decumbent stem, scattered hairs over the entire plant, terminal inflorescence bearing 2 staminate tepals and 5 pistillate tepals. However, Begonia tinuyopensis is distinct by having sparse pilose (vs. matted with long brown hairs) stems, ovate (vs. suborbicular to subreniform) leaves and glabrous (vs. densely pubescent) ovary. We assign B. tinuyopensis as Endangered (EN) following IUCN Red List Criteria.

CHLOROFORM EXTRICATE OF TRIANTHEMA PORTULACASTRUM, WHOLE PLANT: AN ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC IN ATHEROGENIC DIET INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS

Hyperlipidemia is contemplated to be among the considerable risk factor that contributes to the severity as well as incidence of cardiovascular diseases. The Anti hyperlipidemic effect of Chloroform extricate of entire plant Trianthema portulacastrum has been studied in atherogenic diet induced hyperlipidemic rats. Group-I acted as controls (untreated), Group-II acted as atherogenic diet induced controls, standard Hypolipidemic drug (Simvastatin 4mg/kg) used for treating Group-III. The Chloroform Extricate of Trianthema portulacastrum were administered orally at 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg doses for Group IV and V respectively. Serum lipid levels were evaluated after oral administration of standard drug and Chloroform extricate of Trianthema portulacastrum (100mg/kg as well as 200mg/kg) respectively at experimental study’s end. With 200mg/kg of Trianthema portulacastrum Chloroform Extricate treatment, significant reduction in serum lipid parameters like VLDL, LDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol levels and increased HDL level were seen hyperlipidemic rats as compared to control statistically. From these results, it is evident that, Chloroform Extricate of Trianthema portulacastrum entire plant treats hyperlipidemia and improves the liver lipid profile.

Thermal treatment of carrot and red beet seeds

Морковь и свекла столовая – одни из самых распространенных в овощеводстве корнеплодных культур. Важный признак семян высокого качества – отсутствие болезней, передаваемых через семена. Эффективный контроль болезней растений имеет решающее значение для надежного производства овощей и потенциально может привести к значительной экономии использования воды, земли, топлива и других ресурсов в сельском хозяйстве. Присутствие в семенах патогенов, передающихся через семена, либо препятствует прорастанию, либо может привести к эпифитотиям из-за передачи возбудителя болезни от семени к растению. За последние годы отмечено увеличение числа заболеваний, вызванных фитопатогенными грибами, бактериями и вирусами. В зависимости от погодных условий и фитосанитарного состояния посевов, распространенность болезней может достигать 70-80% от всей популяции растений, а урожайность снижаться в ряде случаев на 80-98%. Цель исследований – выявить инфицированность и родовую принадлежность патокомплекса грибных болезней на семенах моркови и свеклы столовой, а также подобрать оптимальный режим обработки семян. Термическая обработка семян представляет собой жизнеспособную альтернативу химической обработке для уничтожения патогенов. Задача термической обработки – найти наилучшее сочетание продолжительности экспозиции и температуры, которое обеспечивает максимальную гибель патогенов при минимальном разрушающем воздействии на семена. Основное предположение, оправдывающее термическую обработку, заключается в том, что патоген-мишень более чувствителен к высокотемпературному стрессу, чем семена. Целевыми патогенными микроорганизмами являются в основном грибы, вирусы и бактерии, находящиеся на поверхности и внутри семян. В настоящей статье отображено влияние термической обработки семян столовой свеклы и моркови на всхожесть и их зараженность патогенами. Показана высокая эффективность термической обработки семян столовой свеклы и моркови против Alternaria. Дана визуальная оценка эффективности термической обработки на питательной среде Чапека. One of the most common root vegetables in vegetable growing are carrots and beets. One of the important signs of qualitative changes is the absence of diseases transmitted through seeds. Effective control of plant diseases is crucial for the reliable production of vegetables and can potentially lead to a significant reduction in the use of water, land, fuel and other resources in agriculture. The presence of pathogens transmitted through seeds in seeds either prevents germination, or can lead to epiphytotics of diseases due to the transmission of the pathogen from the seed to the plant. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses. Depending on the weather conditions and the phytosanitary condition of crops, the prevalence of diseases can reach 70-80% of the entire plant population, and the yield can decrease in some cases by 80-98%. The purpose of the research is to identify the infection and generic affiliation of the pathocomplex of fungal diseases on carrot and beet seeds, as well as to choose the optimal seed treatment regime. Heat treatment of seeds is a viable alternative to chemical treatment for the destruction of pathogens. The task of heat treatment is to find the best combination of time and temperature that maximizes the reduction in the survival of pathogens with minimal destructive effects on seeds. The main assumption justifying heat treatment is more sensitive to high-temperature stress than seeds. The target pathogenic microorganisms are mainly fungi, viruses and bacteria located on the surface and inside the seeds. This article shows the effect of heat treatment of table beet and carrot seeds on germination and their infection with pathogens. The high efficiency of heat treatment of table beet and carrot seeds against Alternariais shown. A visual assessment of the effectiveness of heat treatment on the Czapek nutrient medium was carried out.