Analysis of Yield of Eleutherosides B and E inAcanthopanax divaricatusandA. koreanumGrown with Varying Cultivation Methods

An analysis of the yield of eleutherosides B and E inAcanthopanax divaricatusandA. koreanumwas performed using high performance liquid chromatography to evaluate production by different cultivation methods. InA. divaricatusandA. koreanum, the total content of eleutherosides B and E was 2.466–7.360 mg/g varying by plant section, 3.886–11.506 mg/g by pinching site, 3.655–10.083 mg/g by planting time, and 3.652–10.108 mg/g by fertilizer ratio. Thus the total content of eleutherosides B and E inA. divaricatusandA. koreanumdiffered depending on cultivation methods. These results present useful information for high eleutheroside content applications inA. divaricatusandA. koreanum. This information can affect selection of plant section and cultivation methods for nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical material development.

The chemical synthesis of 1-O-(indol-3′-ylacetyl)-β-d-glucopyranose. The higher activity of the glucoside in comparison with exogenous indol-3-ylacetic acid in plant-section elongation tests

1. The synthesis of 1-O-(indol-3′-ylacetyl)-β-d-glucopyranose via the fully benzylated 1-O-(indol-3′-ylacetyl)-d-glucopyranose is described. The configuration of the free ester glucoside was confirmed by complete hydrolysis with β-glucosidase and by the n.m.r. spectrum of the tetra-acetyl derivative. 2. The growth-promoting effect of the glucoside in Avena coleoptile- and pea stem-section tests distinctly exceeds the responses stimulated by equimolar amounts of indol-3-ylacetic acid or equimolar mixtures of indol-3-ylacetic acid and glucose at all concentrations investigated. Time-sequence experiments revealed that the sections stimulated by the glucoside exhibit a markedly greater rate of elongation than those promoted by indol-3-ylacetic acid. 3. 1-O-(Indol-3′-ylacetyl)-β-d-glucopyranose was isolated from intact Avena coleoptiles. 4. According to the results, the conjugation of indol-3-ylacetic acid with glucose could not be considered merely as a detoxication mechanism for indol-3-ylacetic acid in plant tissues.