Influence Of Al203 Particle Mixed Dielectric Fluid on Machining Performance of Ti6Al4V

In this research work, an attempt was made to machine Ti6Al4V titanium alloy utilizing AA6061/10Gr composite tool. The composite tool was fabricated using stir casting technique and Al2O3 particles of size 5µm were incorporated in the dielectric fluid to enhance the machining performance. Experiments were conducted by varying Al203 concentration, pulse on time, current, and pulse off time, and the responses Material Removal Rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate (TWR), and Surface Roughness (Ra) were recorded. Experiments runs were planned using Taguchi orthogonal array. The results revealed that adding powder increases MRR and TWR owing to the excessive heat generation and bridging effect respectively. The best surface finish was attained due to the increase in spark gap and complete flushing of machined debris. Coating of materials over the machined specimen was observed when the parametric value of Ton was higher than 60s under PMEDM conditions. Pits, craters and cracks were observed on the machined topography which was eliminated when 5g/l of Al2O3 particles were added to dielectric fluid. MEIOT technique was utilized for optimization and it was observed that Ton 15µs, Toff 4µs and current 7A and powder concentration of 10g/l results in best machining performance.

Dorset Harpoon Endblade Hafting and Early Metal Use in the North American Arctic

Composite tool hafting research has touched upon almost every era and region of human history. One aspect that has seen little attention is how those traces of hafting strategies might reflect the raw material of the endblade that an organic handle would have held. This aspect is particularly important for clarifying the scope and scale of novel raw material use in contexts that have concurrent use of different lithic, bone, and metal materials. This article analyzes harpoon heads from the Canadian Arctic in Dorset cultural contexts and identifies three different hafting techniques employed across time. For roughly one millennium, Dorset groups used a single harpoon endblade hafting technique. After AD 500, new hafting techniques were developed, corresponding with the emergence of metal use. Some of these methods are not compatible with common chipped stone materials and signal an increase in metal endblade production. However, surviving metal objects are underrepresented in museum collections because of various taphonomic processes. By recognizing the materials of the harpoon endblade and the specific constraints of some hafting techniques, it is possible to identify what these endblade materials may have been and expand the known extent and intensity of early metal use by observing the hafts alone.

Managing consumer behaviour through social communications

The article examines the issues of using social communications as an integral part of marketing technologies for managing and modifying consumer behaviour. The motivating determinants influencing the formation of consumer behaviour are analyzed; the current role of communications in the field of marketing technologies is considered.The communication process itself is considered both from a socio-psychological point of view and from the standpoint of the effectiveness of using marketing tools. The points of influence of social communications on consumer decision-making processes have been determined. The article also proposes a methodology for the complex formation and use of social communications as a composite tool for managing and influencing consumers.In practice, an example of the implementation of this technique has been analyzed, in case of the need to increase the loyalty of customers of an unprofitable company that has encountered difficulties in expanding its customer base and the need to transform the negative opinion of consumers about their own brand.

Performance Comparison of Al2O3 Cutting Tool with and without Reinforcement of Graphene Nanoplatelets

Al2O3 is a commonly used cutting tool material for machining cast iron and hard steels. However its low fracture toughness has been its potential drawback to use it for wider applications. In order to improve the fracture toughness, graphene nanoplatelets has been used as the reinforcement. The Al2O3 -TiCN composite have been made by powder metallurgy. The present work compares the performance characteristics of Al2O3 -TiCN with and without graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) in CNC machining. The machining performance of the prepared cutting tools is tested in terms of temperature generated, flank wear, cutting force and surface finish. It is observed that the prepared composite tool with GNP has much improved machining performance over the Al2O3 cutting tool that has no GNP reinforcement. The work has the unique novelty of using GNP as the reinforcement in Al2O3 cutting tool material

Novel multi-zone self-heated composites tool for out-of-autoclave aerospace components manufacturing

In this paper, a multi-zone self-heating composite tool is developed to manufacture out-of-autoclave complex and high-quality business jet lower wing stiffened composite panel. Autoclave manufacturing is regarded as a benchmark for manufacturing aerospace-grade composite parts. However, high accruing operational costs limit production rates thereby not being practical for smaller-scale companies. Therefore, significant work towards developing out-of-autoclave manufacturing is underway. In this study, a production line tool is developed with embedded heating fabric that controls temperature at the desired zones, replacing the need for autoclave cure. It investigates and identifies the optimal design parameters of the self-heating setup namely the placement of the heating fabric, zones, thermal management system, temperature distribution, heating rate and thermal performance using a thermal FEA model. The associated thermal characterisation of the tooling material and the part are measured for accurate simulation results. The design developed in this study will be used as production guideline for the actual tool.