The Utility of GIS for Identifying Areas of Recreation Conflict for Targeted Interpretive Messaging

Past research has extensively studied interpretive messaging and visitor conflict within parks and protected areas. However, comprehensive understanding of how to identify trailside interpretive sign locations is lacking. The purpose of this study was to introduce an approach using geographic information systems (GIS) that supplements decision-making regarding sign placement. The study site was Grand Canyon National Park’s Rim to Rim (R2R) corridor. To identify sign placement locations, two analytical phases were conducted. First, GPS data loggers were distributed to visitors and their travel patterns were analyzed for spatial behaviors and spatial interactions that are known to influence the likelihood of recreation conflict. Specifically, locations with a high variance of visitor travel speeds and locations with concentrated visitor use were identified. Second, geographic data were analyzed to identify locations for a combination of features that together influence the likelihood of recreation conflict. Specifically, popular bidirectional trail segments with significant elevation change were identified. We reported these locations and areas using GPS coordinates for evaluation by future research. This research was a necessary step towards comprehensively understanding how to identify locations for interpretive signs.

Konstruksi Hermeneutika Tafsir Sufi

The debate of scholars on Sufi interpretation is caused by differences in the methods and sources of interpretation used. Some scholars think that the Sufi interpretation does not have a theoretical method. It is only based on the findings of the Sufis when reading the Qur’an. In fact, the 'urafā' are considered to have violated the rules or regulations that apply in the realm of interpretation in general. Some others consider that the Sufi interpretation does not ignore the interpretive signs that have been agreed upon by the commentators. This interpretation only tries to explain the various dimensions of the meaning of the Qur'an. This paradigm difference necessitates a methodological study of the methods and steps of the Sufi interpretation in an effort to explain esoteric meaning of the Qur'an. This study uses an analytical-comparative method. The research found that that Sufi interpretation has a hermeneutic construction that is different from other methods of interpretation. The differences can be seen from the sources and methods used. Apart from using linguistic instruments, sufistic interpretation uses ‘irfān (intuitive knowledge) which is obtained through kasyf (inspiration). For Sufis, knowing God’s intention as stated in His Kalām can only be done by using knowledge that comes directly from Him, not by looking at the context of the text.

Selection of informative features to highlight areas of waste disposal on high spatial resolution satellite imagery

The paper deals with the problem of integrated interpretation of waste disposal facilities according to satellite imagery and ground truth monitoring, features of space images of landfills from various points of view: texture analysis, statistical properties, fractal analysis, color features, and the possibility of using machine learning methods. The main visual interpretive signs of landfills on optical and radar images of high spatial resolution are given. The fractal dimension of landfills was calculated for high resolution images using two models.

Interpretationspotenzial der deutschen Lexika, die in ihrer Struktur die Bezeichnung der Farbe enthält

We analyze of German lexis with color definition in its structure and consider the secondary importance of the lexical categories of “plants” and “animals”. The relevance is due to the continuous interest of linguists to the study of the processes of interpretation and conceptualization, which is confirmed by numerous works in this field of research. The purpose of this research should be considered the analysis of lexical units objectifying the areas of “plants” and “animals” within the framework of their color realization on the material of German, Russian and English. The main methods in the work are the method of conceptual analysis, the method of component analysis. We describe in detail the implementation in languages of the “color” attribute of interpretive knowledge formats based on lexical categories representing the areas “plants” and “animals”. In the course of the study of the actual material, interpretive signs of the perception and observation format, characteristic of the categories of this field, were revealed. We analyze a number of lexical units included in the “plants” and “animal” areas, and make conclusions on updating the color scheme in the language using the interpretation of lexical categories.

Tailoring Signs to Engage Two Distinct Types of Geotourists to Geological Sites

Interpretive signs are the silent ambassadors of geosites and serve a diverse audience. The primary aim of this study is to develop signs for geosites targeted at two unique groups of geotourists. A conceptual multidisciplinary geotourist typology is formulated to identify two main classes of geotourists comprising the audience. Latent and archetypal geotourists inhabit various roles at geotourism sites depending on their expectations for the event, affecting the visitor experience via fluid contextual factors. Principally, latent geotourists arrive seeking novel touristic experiences while archetypal geotourists seek knowledge-building opportunities. Because signs represent one fragment of the multi-dimensional visitor experience, an approach that offers a palette of options is advocated. After the unified typology to identify the audience is presented, a multi-layered technique that offers both interpretation and a link to augmented information on signs is suggested. Some best practices in sign design are described and preliminary plans for testing are shared. The author’s overriding goal is to refine the mechanics and format of signs to garner maximum attracting and holding power, ensuring that the message is read and the target outcome is achieved. By providing tools to visitors to geological sites that enable them to create narratives that are compatible with their expectations, we facilitate a multi-dimensional constructive experience that engages everyone.

Evaluation of the attention capture and holding power of interpretive signs among visitors to a self-guided trail in the High Tatras National Park (Slovakia)

Nature trails have become very popular and have become the most widespread method of interpreting natural and cultural heritage. This paper presents the result of evaluation research of a nature trail in the High Tatras National Park (Slovakia). The holding power and attention capture of the individual panels were assessed by observation including further analysis of other factors related to the interpretive quality or location of the panels. Evaluation shows that the trail is overloaded with text and does not adequately link the communicated content with the surroundings. The individual trail panels have a relatively low degree of holding power and attention capture. The evaluation reveals the importance of good quality and thoughtful interpretation of natural heritage. Overall, the study also shows the difficulties associated with the use of statistical methods to analyze the effectiveness of selected trail features.