To Avoid Unnecessary Red Tape: Vasily Tatishchev’s Proposals on Streamlining Court Proceedings

Vasily Tatishchev is known not only as an outstanding statesman, but also as a scientist who stood at the origin of many sciences. He gained fame as a legal scholar, an expert on the legislation of foreign countries and his homeland. Unlike any of his contemporaries, he reflected on the role of laws in the development of a country, formulated requirements for their content, raised the question of their codification, took the initiative to draft bills, and identified and prepared important legislative documents for publication. The previously unknown document presented in this article makes it possible to talk about Tatishchev’s attempt on behalf of the state to resolve another important issue, the remuneration of judges and clerical officers by introducing payments dependent on the total amount of the claim, the volume of prepared court documents, and their varieties. The author proves Tatishchev’s authorship in the development of such proposals, explaining the reasons for their appearance in terms of the upcoming reform of the plant management system based on bills developed by Tatishchev between 1734 and 1735: these were meant to regulate the relationship between the state and owners of private factories and the powers of the crown administration in state enterprises. The document adds to the existing idea of Tatishchev as a connoisseur of Russian legislation, his deep understanding of problems connected with the activities of judicial institutions, and his attempt to introduce remuneration principles enshrined in Swedish and German legislation into Russian legal practice. The implementation of these proposals would help expedite the adoption of judicial decisions and guarantee judges and clerical servants decent pay. The significance of the proposals formulated by Tatishchev cannot be overemphasised: there was hardly anyone else in Russia who was capable of offering a whole system of monetary compensation for those involved in organising court trials and drawing up documents, demonstrating deep detailed knowledge of judicial documentation.

Blockchain for Integrated Nuclear Power Plants Management System

In nuclear power plants, plant management systems are not only very important for operation and maintenance of the facilities, but also play a very important role in analyzing and reporting the events to the authorities when a failure or accident occurs in the facility. In addition, it is also important to ensure that event records are managed transparently so as not to cause any attempt to cover up events. Therefore, this paper proposes a tamper free plant operation system by applying blockchain technology to the integrated plant management system of Korea hydro and nuclear power (KHNP). As a result, this paper will contribute to improving public acceptance by eliminating distrust in safe operation of nuclear power plants.

New Vision on Invasive Alien Plant Management System

Since the creation of the European Union’s (EU) Biodiversity Strategy, increased attention has been drawn to the spread of invasive non-native species, their impact on biodiversity, and the economic losses caused. Ensuring compliance with the regulation on the eradication of invasive species requires financial means, therefore a new vision on invasive plant management system is proposed. With a new system, invasive alien plant (IAP) control is ensured as well as a new source of lignocellulosic biomass for product production, that could result in financial gains is presented. This article provides current alien plant situation visualization by Sankey diagram showing invasiveness of alien species and establishment, after which invasive and potentially invasive species are directed further to pre-assessment. A total of 157 invasive plant species are evaluated by multi criteria decision analysis TOPSIS, the case on the national level (Latvia) is presented and a new concept for a IAP management system is provided. The research results and the new concept provide a contribution to policy makers, land owners affected by invasive species and municipalities.

An Earthquake Emergency Alarm System for Power Plants Based on Programmable Automation Controller

To avoid or relief the fatal damage of an earthquake, a seismic automatic alarm system was put forward to meet the needs of power plant. Both a digital accelerometer AKE392B and a programmable automation controller SC200AD-1 were introduced to compose the earthquake emergency alarm system. The AKE392B converts the acceleration of ground motion into a series of digital signal, and this digital signal is transferred to the SC200AD-1 by the field bus EIA485. The PAC in the system is applied to collect the ground motion data, remove the non-seismic interrupts, access an earthquake’s intensity, carry out emergency auto-handling actions by ON/OFF values, and generate emergency alarm to its parent system, power plant management system. Through theory and experiment analysis, the earthquake emergency alarm system could be easily built to measure the ground motion acceleration in accuracy, and generate the seismic emergency alarm rapidly.