Allgemeine Pädagogik

This introduction to pedagogy establishes the principles of pedagogical action. Based on the responsibility of every human being for him- or herself, fellow human beings and the environment, the core task of pedagogy is to convincingly substantiate justified claims. Instruction, education, care, discipline and just community are derived and developed as tasks of educational activity.

Health in the Name of Justice: Does Justice Require a Right to Health

<p>Upholding and seeking justice in society has been important for philosophers and religious thinkers throughout the ages. Debates of different conceptions of justice have ranged from Plato’s conception of the just individual, to Aristotle’s just community where individuals receive what is owed to them according to their merit, to Kant’s claim that justice concerns the “… exercise of will among people; and it is concerned with the possibility and freedom of the exercise of will …” (Hudson, 2003, p. 11). Interpretations of justice and the value of justice in society vary. Fundamentally, however, theories of justice are concerned with answering the question, what do we as a society owe each other by determining the set of rights that are inalienable and vital for a just society to protect. Theories of justice hope to inform us of the rights that are essential for society to defend and uphold. The ever increasing amount of medical knowledge and sophisticated medical treatments now available raise questions of social justice in health and has prompted many to argue whether or not there is a right to health. As Charles Fried (1976) explained over thirty years ago, extending certain medical treatments to the poor seemed possible and inevitable during a period when certain medical advances in treating illness and disease, such as the introduction of antibiotics and vaccines, made a huge difference to the health of the population. He claims that in this “ ‘Golden Age’ we could unambiguously afford a notion of a general right to medical care because there were a number of clear successes available to medicine, and these successes were not unduly costly” (p. 29-30). However, as Fried recognised in the 1970s, and is even truer today with the costs associated with chronic illnesses, extending universal medical care to all in society in cases where treatment is expensive and marginally beneficial is problematic at best.</p>

Health in the Name of Justice: Does Justice Require a Right to Health

<p>Upholding and seeking justice in society has been important for philosophers and religious thinkers throughout the ages. Debates of different conceptions of justice have ranged from Plato’s conception of the just individual, to Aristotle’s just community where individuals receive what is owed to them according to their merit, to Kant’s claim that justice concerns the “… exercise of will among people; and it is concerned with the possibility and freedom of the exercise of will …” (Hudson, 2003, p. 11). Interpretations of justice and the value of justice in society vary. Fundamentally, however, theories of justice are concerned with answering the question, what do we as a society owe each other by determining the set of rights that are inalienable and vital for a just society to protect. Theories of justice hope to inform us of the rights that are essential for society to defend and uphold. The ever increasing amount of medical knowledge and sophisticated medical treatments now available raise questions of social justice in health and has prompted many to argue whether or not there is a right to health. As Charles Fried (1976) explained over thirty years ago, extending certain medical treatments to the poor seemed possible and inevitable during a period when certain medical advances in treating illness and disease, such as the introduction of antibiotics and vaccines, made a huge difference to the health of the population. He claims that in this “ ‘Golden Age’ we could unambiguously afford a notion of a general right to medical care because there were a number of clear successes available to medicine, and these successes were not unduly costly” (p. 29-30). However, as Fried recognised in the 1970s, and is even truer today with the costs associated with chronic illnesses, extending universal medical care to all in society in cases where treatment is expensive and marginally beneficial is problematic at best.</p>

DAKWAH DAN PENGEMBANGAN MASYARAKAT

Community development is an effort to improve the social strata of community life from education, economy and social culture. If we relate it to da'wah, then community development is part of da'wah's work. Why does the writer say part of preaching work? Because preaching work is broader than just community development. Da'wah is to invite people to the goodness (all goodness). What is good is improved to be better. The point of preaching is to make multi-dimensional improvements. The dimension of the relationship between the servant and his Lord and the dimension of the relationship between the servant and the servant. And the relationship between the servant and himself. Like the dimension of monotheism, knowledge, economy, health, law, human rights and culture. If we observe the things done by community development activists, then we can conclude that the concepts that are carried out in the efforts of community development are part of the concept of da'wah. If so, then the concept of community development is the concept of da'wah.

Model Just Community Untuk Mengembangkan Karakter Anak Binaan Hukum

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektifitas model Just Community terhadap pengembangan karakter Anak Binaan Hukum (ABH) di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA). Subjek penelitian ini adalah ABH yang berusia 14 sampai 18 berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan telah berada di LPKA selama 1 bulan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksprimen model randomized pretest-posttest control group design yaitu dua kelompok kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Berdasarkan pengolahan data didapatkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara karakter ABH pada kelompok eksperimen dengan karakter ABH pada kelompok kontrol. Rata-rata gain score karakter ABH pada kelompok eksperimen sebesar 0,302 lebih besar dari rata-rata gain score karakter ABH kelompok kontrol sebesar 0,165. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model Just Community dapat meningkatkan karakteristik ABH di LPKA