Optimization of Sea Defense Strategy Through Operation of the Hospital Auxiliary Vessel to Support National Defense

The dynamics of the strategic environment at the global, regional and national levels give rise to various types of threats, both military and non-military threats, encouraging to optimize the Indonesian Sea Defense Strategy (SDS) which has the characteristics of an archipelagic country. In accordance with peaceful conditions, the optimization of SDS is more appropriate if it is directed at the military operations other than war, which in this study focuses on the operation of Hospital Auxiliary Vessel (HAV). There were problems related to the ineffective HAV operation, because it was used for material transportation and border operations. Its operation doesn’t provide public health services in isolated, frontier and outermost areas. The purpose of this study is to analyze and explain the implementation and to formulate strategies to optimize SDS through the operation of HAV in order to support national defense. The research used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The data were obtained from interviews at the Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Health and Indonesian Navy Headquarters. The results of the studied that SDS through the operation of HAV was implemented quite well, but the operating time often exceeded the initial plan due to the limited number of HAV and their crew. The conclusion from this research is necessary for optimization of SDS which is emphasized on the Sea Control Strategy in accordance with the strategy development on the ends, ways and means components.

Optimization of Sea Defense Strategy Through Operation of the Hospital Auxiliary Vessel to Support National Defense

The dynamics of the strategic environment at the global, regional and national levels give rise to various types of threats, both military and non-military threats, encouraging to optimize the Indonesian Sea Defense Strategy (SDS) which has the characteristics of an archipelagic country. In accordance with peaceful conditions, the optimization of SDS is more appropriate if it is directed at the military operations other than war, which in this study focuses on the operation of Hospital Auxiliary Vessel (HAV). There were problems related to the ineffective HAV operation, because it was used for material transportation and border operations. Its operation doesn’t provide public health services in isolated, frontier and outermost areas. The purpose of this study is to analyze and explain the implementation and to formulate strategies to optimize SDS through the operation of HAV in order to support national defense. The research used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The data were obtained from interviews at the Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Health and Indonesian Navy Headquarters. The results of the studied that SDS through the operation of HAV was implemented quite well, but the operating time often exceeded the initial plan due to the limited number of HAV and their crew. The conclusion from this research is necessary for optimization of SDS which is emphasized on the Sea Control Strategy in accordance with the strategy development on the ends, ways and means components.

Diverse Threats, Diverse Responses

As the Chinese leadership became more aware of the threats to the country’s interests overseas, this chapter shows that the different agencies under their control started to change and adapt. While the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was the first to undergo significant change as great efforts were made to establish and strengthen the consular protection system, the Chinese Communist Party set up the Central National Security Commission in order to improve inter-agency coordination to respond to non-traditional security threats overseas. Even state-owned companies tried to adapt to the new situation and, in an interesting twist, they attempted (and failed) to lobby the government in order revise and expand the legislation. Naturally, the People’s Liberation Army, too, had to change. The analysis of the institutional and doctrinal evolution of the Chinese military reveals the marked sophistication of the thinking about Military Operations Other Than War overseas and the growing preparation to carry them out in the post-2011 period.

MODELING OF KOARMADA MARINE OPERATIONS II BASED ON THE THREAT PREDICTION FROM INTELLIGENCE WITH A MULTI CRITERIA DECISION MAKING APPROACH

Indonesia as archipelagic country, needs strong maritime sector security. The Indonesian Navy in Law Number 34 Year 2004 has been given the mandate to safeguard the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia. The Armada II Command as Kotamaops annually carries out Military Operations Other Than War (OMSP) which is carried out under the command of Guspurla and Guskamla. Intelligence information regarding the estimated threat / contingency that will occur is very influential on decision makers in operational planning. With the contingency provided by the intelligence staff, it is necessary to have an appropriate marine operation modeling. In a multi-operation operation, it is necessary to have a supporting attribute, that is, a base ship. The purpose of this study is to formulate an operation modeling using the selection of a headquarter ship which is preceded by the determination of contingency priorities. This study uses MCDM which consists of MCDA and MCDO which uses the integration of the Delphi method, AHP, Fuzzy weighting, Goal programming and linear Integer-Zero one programming. Based on the processing of Delphi and AHP, in determining the threat of OMSP, it is influenced by the number / intensity of incidents of 20.4%; impact of Ipoleksosbudhankam 29.4%, Capabiity 38.2% and involvement factor of 12.1% where national jurisdiction marine security operations are selected as the first priority. Meanwhile, in the selection of the headquarters ship which functions to coordinate the KRI in carrying out sector patrols, using the FWH and IGP, the KRI was chosen as the Sigma class to be the headquarters ship. This modeling uses 22 of the 24 KRI that have been allocated by obtaining an increase in the optimization of the coverage area and fuel savings.. Keywords: OMSP, MCDM, Contigency, headquarters warship and Maritime Security Operations

Analysis of Kogabwilhan II Readiness in Conducting Military Operations and Military Operations other than War, OMP and OMSP

Recently, the development of a strategic environment that changes rapidly and dynamically has a potential threat to the sovereignty of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). To respond to all potential threats and disturbances which could arise, the Indonesian National Army (TNI) carried out a significant organizational transformation by forming new organizational units. Among others are done by forming a joint force of the TNI, namely the Joint Regional Defense Command (Kogabwilhan), which was formed by Presidential Decree Number 27 of 2019 and Regulation of the TNI Commander Number 30 of 2020 as an organization having an important and strategic role in carrying out Military Operations (OMP) and Military Operations Other Than War (OMSP) synchronously. How is the readiness of Kogabwilhan II in organizing OMP and OMSP? This becomes the research question aiming to analyze the readiness of the units in the area of responsibility of Kogabwilhan II such as; Kodam XIII/Merdeka, Kodam V/Brawijaya, Korem 131/Santiago, Koarmada II/Surabaya, Lantamal VIII Manado, Sam Ratulangi Air Base, Lanud Muljono Surabaya and Iswahyudi Magetan Air Base. With a descriptive qualitative research approach using Spradley analysis techniques including place studies, actor studies and activity studies, it was found that human resources (personnel), defense equipment (logistics), software and budget aspects were still limited.

Poor PLS of Security Sector Reform and Its Impacts on Human Rights and Civil-Military Relations in Indonesia

As emerging democracy, Indonesia is facing a formidable challenge from its Parliament whose capacity in conducting Post-Legislative Scrutiny is weak; this could prevent the country from fulfilling democratic consolidation. The country’s failure in fulfilling its democratic consolidation two decades after Soeharto’s resignation can bring it back to the authoritarian era as it has experienced only two years after the first 1955 democratic election until 1998. Applying an empirical research by directly observing PLS in the Indonesian parliament and using a qualitative method of analysis, this essay discussed the causes and repercussions of the parliament’s poor capability, which have brought the country into current setback, facing resistances from the old establishment that has made the military unable to continue reform and to change its political culture. Therefore, the Indonesian military still wants to involve in civilian affairs and businesses by making a more flexible interpretation of Military Operations Other Than War, on the one side. While, on the other, TNI’s existing culture of violence has led it to many alleged cases of gross human rights violations which could not be prosecuted until recently. In fact, Indonesian Members of Parliament’s poor capability and DPR’s weak supporting system give more complexity to the country in its struggle and success to be the third biggest democracy in the world.

Strategi Komando Resor Militer 043/ Garuda Hitam dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Alam di Provinsi Lampung

The role of the Military Resort Command in disaster management is a form of implementation of the Indonesian Armed Forces’ tasks, namely the task of Military Operations Other Than War (OMSP) in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 32 of 2004 concerning the Indonesian Armed Forces (TNI). Disaster management in the regions carried out by the the Military Resort Command involvement of government agencies and other stakeholders. Between the the Military Resort Command, government agencies and stakeholders in disaster management. Related to the role of the the Military Resort Command, this research was conducted with the aim to study the the Military Resort Command 043/ Garuda Hitam’s Strategy for disaster management in Lampung Province. This research uses a qualitative method using case studies. In addition, researchers conducted interviews, observations and documentation studies to collect data and analyzed. The Military Resort Command 043/ Garuda Hitam in disaster management is by coordinating and communicating with government agencies and other stakeholders as well as facilitating Territorial Development (Binter) activities which are one of the tasks of the Military Resort Command 043/ Garuda Hitam in Lampung Province.