Disaster Preparedness and Associated Factors Among Emergency Nurses in Guangdong Province, China: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of disaster preparedness and to explore associated factors among emergency nurses in Guangdong Province, China. Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, the mainland China version of the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool was used to collect data from 633 nurses working in 26 emergency departments, in August 2018. Descriptive analyses were used to examine the disaster preparedness, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate associated factors. Results: The perceived disaster preparedness of emergency nurses was at a moderate level. Among the 5 dimensions, the score for disaster management was lowest. Emergency nurses’ disaster training (r = .26; P < 0.001) and drill experiences (r = .22; P < 0.001) were significantly correlated with disaster preparedness. Six significant factors associated with disaster preparedness were identified in this study: age, gender, disaster training experience, disaster drill experience, willingness, and educational level (R2 = .14; F = 18.20; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Hospitals and nurse managers should carry out interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary cooperation to improve emergency nurses’ disaster preparedness, especially disaster management. Organizing disaster simulation exercises, providing psychological support and safety considerations, and formulating disaster nursing training programs may be beneficial for emergency nurses’ disaster preparedness.

Pengaruh Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah terhadap Partisipasi Pelatihan Bencana Rumah Tangga

Disaster coping management is important to be well managed by the government and all stakeholders because Indonesia is a disaster-prone area. Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is needed because of the number of disasters occurring recently have serious impacts on the economy, social and environment. This study aims to look at the effect of education institution and regional disaster management institutions (BPBD) on household participation of disaster training as an effort of DRR. Literature also revealed that regional and households characteristics have an important role in implementing DRR.The design of this study uses quantitative logit regression analysis using secondary data from 297,276 household respondents from the 2017 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS). The results showed the disaster institutions at the district level, secondary education and universities has a significant impact and was able to provide an increase in probability of household disaster training participation. Abstrak: Manajemen penanggulangan bencana merupakan hal yang penting dikelola dengan baik oleh pemerintah dan semua elemen masyarakat karena Indonesia memiliki wilayah rawan bencana. Pengurangan risiko bencana (PRB) diperlukan mengingat banyaknya kejadian bencana dewasa ini berdampak cukup serius pada perekonomian, sosial maupun lingkungan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh lembaga pendidikan serta keberadaan lembaga penanggulangan bencana daerah terhadap partisipasi pelatihan atau simulasi bencana rumah tangga sebagai upaya PRB. Literatur juga mengungkapkan bahwa karakteristik daerah memiliki peran penting dalam implementasi PRB secara optimum. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kuantitatif regresi logit dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder 297,276 responden rumah tangga dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) tahun 2017. Hasil menunjukan keberadaan lembaga penanggulangan bencana kab/kota dan lembaga pendidikan di daerah berupa pendidikan menengah, perguruan tinggi memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan dapat memberikan peningkatan terhadap kemungkinan partisipasi pelatihan kebencanaan rumah tangga.

Knowledge, Attitudes, Disaster Training and Self Efficacy on Disaster Preparedness

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of knowledge, attitudes, disaster training and self-efficacy of adolescents of Sirnaresmi Village, West Java on disaster preparedness. This study uses the qualitative method with field research in Sirnaresmi. The results showed that there was a simultaneous or shared influence on knowledge, attitudes, disaster training and self-efficacy on disaster preparedness. The results revealed that there is a relationship between the four aspects in influencing disaster preparedness. Training is needed in mitigation as a short-term educational process. It needs to be conducted by using systematic and organized ways and procedures where training participants will learn practical knowledge and skills for specific purposes. By conducting disaster training, an individual will gain knowledge and skills in dealing with disasters so that with the training carried out, knowledge about disasters will increase.

Sources of Information, Training Needs, Preparation and Response to Disaster of Selected Communities in Central Luzon, Philippines

Nature has its due course and disaster is always an aftermath of a catastrophic event. The purpose of this study is to assess the sources of information, training needs, preparation, and response of the community to disaster. To achieve this purpose, the study used a descriptive design with the survey as the instrument for data gathering. For the respondents, 136 individuals took part in the survey which took two months to accommodate. The researcher created a simple survey instrument and subjected it to reliability and validity tests. In analyzing the data, the researcher used weighted mean, standard deviation, t-test, and analysis of variance. Results showed that the radio is the most common source of information to disaster. Respondents emphasized the need for disaster training in the community and they also indicated that they partially observed the preparation and response in their communities. At the same time, there were significant differences observed in the sources of information, training needs, preparation, and response to the disaster of the respondents when grouped according to their communities. Furthermore, a significant difference emerged in the training needs when grouped according to the members of the family. Based on the results, the researcher recommends a community disaster preparation enhancement program for the involved communities in the study.

Disaster Training following COVID-19 for Pediatric Medical Residents: Demand and Format

Objective: Assess the knowledge, confidence, and attitudes of residents towards disaster medicine education in the COVID-19 era. Methods: Survey distributed to pediatric residents at a tertiary care center, assessing confidence in disaster medicine knowledge and skills and preferred educational methods. Based on residents’ responses, virtual and in-person educational session implemented with post-survey to analyze effectiveness of education. Results: Distributed to 120 residents with a 51.6% response rate. Almost half (46.8%) of residents had less than 1 hour of disaster training, with only 9.7% having experience with a prior disaster event. However, most residents were motivated to increase their knowledge of disaster medicine due to COVID-19 and other recent disasters, with 96.8% interested in this education as a curriculum standard. Simulation and peer learning were the most preferred method of teaching. Subsequent virtual and in-person educational session demonstrated improvement in confidence scores. However, 66.7% of the virtual subset conveyed they would have preferred in-person learning. Conclusion: COVID-19 has highlighted to trainees that disasters can affect all specialties, and pediatric residents are enthusiastic to close the educational gap of disaster medicine. However, residents stressed that although virtual education can provide a foundation, in-person simulation is preferred for effective training.

Development of computer simulator ‘Kawauchi Legends’ as disaster response medical training software: overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic

Medical disaster response training is provided for international students in Kawauchi Village to share the lessons learnt from the accident at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. At present, this is difficult due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this article is to report the development of hands-on medical training software on a topic that does not require in-person attendance. The ‘Kawauchi Legends’ disaster simulator was developed as a useful tool to teach the medical response to various disasters, and this was applied in a 3-day webinar in October 2020. Fourteen students participated in the webinar and successfully learnt medical management, manipulating their avatars in the virtual environment. This software can be an effective substitute for in-person disaster training without physical involvement. Such innovative teaching methods mean that lessons from the Fukushima accident can continue to be shared, even in the COVID-19 pandemic situation.

Discovering access holes in disaster rubble with functional and photometric attributes

The collapse of buildings often result in human victims becoming trapped within rubble. This environment is dangerous for emergency first responders tasked with locating and extricating victims. Recent work in scene mapping using photometric colour and metric depth (RGB-D) data suggest the possibility of automatically identifying potential access holes into rubble interior. This capability would improve search operation by directing limited resources to be concentrated on areas where access holes might exist. This thesis presents an approach to automatically identify access holes in rubble. The investigation begins by defining access holes in terms of their functional utility, that allow for their algorithmic identification. From this definition, a set of hole-related features extracted from RGB-D imagery are proposed for detection. Experiments were conducted using data collected over a real-world disaster training facility. Empirical evaluation indicates the efficacy of the proposed system for successfully identifying potential access holes in disaster rubble scenes.

Discovering access holes in disaster rubble with functional and photometric attributes

The collapse of buildings often result in human victims becoming trapped within rubble. This environment is dangerous for emergency first responders tasked with locating and extricating victims. Recent work in scene mapping using photometric colour and metric depth (RGB-D) data suggest the possibility of automatically identifying potential access holes into rubble interior. This capability would improve search operation by directing limited resources to be concentrated on areas where access holes might exist. This thesis presents an approach to automatically identify access holes in rubble. The investigation begins by defining access holes in terms of their functional utility, that allow for their algorithmic identification. From this definition, a set of hole-related features extracted from RGB-D imagery are proposed for detection. Experiments were conducted using data collected over a real-world disaster training facility. Empirical evaluation indicates the efficacy of the proposed system for successfully identifying potential access holes in disaster rubble scenes.

The Pemberdayaan Pemuda Tanggap Bencana (PENDAB) dalam Implementasi Panduan Risiko Bencana

Bengkulu is one of the vulnerable disasters areas. Flood is one of disaster that often occurs in the Bengkulu city. The big flood that occurred at the end of 2019 which claimed the lives of 29 people and 13 people were missing. The aim was to increase the capacity of youth in disaster risk management. Activities done through socialization, disaster training, simulation and disaster risk mapping. Socialization done to stakeholders, youth and community leaders. Disaster risk training, the first aid training for youth and making of organization of Youth Responding to Disasters (PENDAB) have done using lecture, discussion, question and answer methods and doing simulation Table Top Exercise (TTX) for disaster management in the neighborhood Association (RT). The training was attended by 15 youths and was conducted in an open field for 2 days while still observing health protocols. This activity has received permission from the Bengkulu Province Covid-19 task force. The results of the training showed that there was an increase in the knowledge and skills of youth about disasters, basic life support (BHD) and first rescue (PP) actions. Youth are expected to apply the knowledge and abilities that have been acquired during the training to provide education about disaster to the community.