Analysis of influencing factors of data error in chemical analysis of iron and steel materials

This paper analyzes the influencing factors of data error in chemical analysis of iron and steel materials, including sample preparation factor, sample decomposition factor, analytical instrument factor, reagent factor, analysis method factor. The purpose is to reduce the error of data measurement results and improve the accuracy of data analysis results by studying the measures of eliminating instrument application error, doing a good job in reagent selection, appropriately increasing the number of experiments, strictly following the operation specifications and reasonably using the allowable deviation table.

Analisis Kekuatan Struktur Bangunan Dermaga Kayu di Babo Teluk Bintuni, Papua Barat

Analysis of structural strength to the conditions of the jetty Port Babo of Teluk Bintuni, West Papua is important to ensure the stability of the against external loads and forces. The purpose of this research is to analyse and evaluate the strength of structures, as well as assess the durability of jetty structures. Modeling using the SAP2000 program corresponds to as built drawing. The results of the calculation of the working load include dead loads, live loads, ship berth, ship mooring force, current force, wave force, and earthquake force. Energy due to ship collision loads and vessel berthing force can be reduced using a fender designed using rubber fenders seibu V300H. The results of the structural analysis show that the number of combined variants is sufficient up to the shape mode 12. The dynamic earthquake shear forces in the x and y directions are still smaller than the static shear forces, so it needs to be multiplied by a scale factor of 2,9. The deviation that occurs in the structure is still smaller than the allowable deviation of 350 mm. Beams are designed using reinforcement with diameter 22 mm and 25 mm. The stress ratio value at the pile meets the pile capacity. It can be said that overall the Babo Teluk Bintuni wharf is safe from the working load.

METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING OF MOBILE ROBOT TRAJECTORY IN REPELLER SOURCES FIELD

The article discusses the procedure for correcting the trajectory of a robotic platform (RTP) on a plane in order to reduce the probability of its defeat/detection in the field of a finite number of repeller sources. Each of these sources is described by a mathematical model of some factor of counteraction to the RTP. This procedure is based, on the one hand, on the concept of a characteristic probability function of a system of repeller sources, which allows us to assess the degree of influence of these sources on the moving RTP. From this concept follows the probability of its successful completion used here as a criterion for optimizing the target trajectory. On the other hand, this procedure is based on solving local optimization problems that allow you to correct individual sections of the initial trajectory, taking into account the location of specific repeller sources with specified parameters in their vicinity. Each of these sources is characterized by the potential, frequency of impact, radius of action, and parameters of the field decay. The trajectory is adjusted iteratively and takes into account the target value of the probability of passing. The main restriction on the variation of the original trajectory is the maximum allowable deviation of the changed trajectory from the original one. If there is no such restriction, then the task may lose its meaning, because then you can select an area that covers all obstacles and sources, and bypass it around the perimeter. Therefore, we search for a local extremum that corresponds to an acceptable curve in the sense of the specified restriction. The iterative procedure proposed in this paper allows us to search for the corresponding local maxima of the probability of RTP passage in the field of several randomly located and oriented sources, in some neighborhood of the initial trajectory. First, the problem of trajectory optimization is set and solved under the condition of movement in the field of single source with the scope in the form of a circular sector, then the result is extended to the case of several similar sources. The main problem of the study is the choice of the General form of the functional at each point of the initial curve, as well as its adjustment coefficients. It is shown that the selection of these coefficients is an adaptive procedure, the input variables of which are characteristic geometric values describing the current trajectory in the source field. Standard median smoothing procedures are used to eliminate oscillations that occur as a result of the locality of the proposed procedure. The simulation results show the high efficiency of the proposed procedure for correcting the previously planned trajectory.

THE ESTIMATION OF ENDURANCE PARAMETERS OF THE WORK STATIONS

Complicated tasks performed by the sets of automated aids of C4I Systems for the armed forces require a higher reliability of their automated work stations (WSs). The article deals with reliability of the WSs and estimation of their endurance parameters. The author proposes the methods to estimate endurance parameters by the computation of pointwise values of maximum allowable deviation of component parts and electronic components of the WSs from the requirements specified in the technical assignment. The article provides recommendations on using the method proposed.

Pole placement and LQR implementation on longitudinal altitute holding control of wing in surface effect vehicle

The longitudinal altitude holding control system (LAHCS) of wing in surface effect (WiSE) vehicle has been developed using Simulink/Matlab. The LAHCS is designed to maintain the altitude of the vehicle stands at 1 m above the surface, with a maximum allowable deviation of 0.5 m. The purpose is to gain an additional lift generated by the surface effect to increase the aerodynamic performance. This control system is investigated using two approaches, i.e., the pole placement and the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) methods. Originally, the system shows an unstable response on the phugoid mode, indicated by the positive value of its Eigen. After the pole placement method is applied, the system is stable and capable of maintaining the reference command altitude. This method produces 0.27 of the maximum altitude deviation when the disturbance, represented by the doublet input elevator ±5° is applied. Moreover, the time needed for the system to reach the steady-state response of altitude is around 2.2 seconds. In comparison, the LQR method is also applied to the system with the same scenario. Although the settling time response is quite similar to the previous result, its maximum altitude deviation is significantly reduced by around 80 %. In conclusion, both of the methods used to design the LAHCS are capable of maintaining the altitude of the WiSE vehicle always below its maximum deviation tolerance.

BRPO: Batch Residual Policy Optimization

In batch reinforcement learning (RL), one often constrains a learned policy to be close to the behavior (data-generating) policy, e.g., by constraining the learned action distribution to differ from the behavior policy by some maximum degree that is the same at each state. This can cause batch RL to be overly conservative, unable to exploit large policy changes at frequently-visited, high-confidence states without risking poor performance at sparsely-visited states. To remedy this, we propose residual policies, where the allowable deviation of the learned policy is state-action-dependent. We derive a new for RL method, BRPO, which learns both the policy and allowable deviation that jointly maximize a lower bound on policy performance. We show that BRPO achieves the state-of-the-art performance in a number of tasks.

Reconstruction of Velocity Distribution in Partially-Filled Pipe Based on Non-Uniform Under-Sampling

In the process of research on the flow velocity distribution in a partially filled pipe, the under-sampling of measurement data often occurs. For the first time, this problem is solved by the improved non-uniform B-spline curve fitting approximation (NBSC) method. The main innovation of this method is to reconstruct the flow velocity distribution fitting curve with a small amount of non-uniform feature points containing flow velocity information. First, the curvature of a whole discrete sampled data is analyzed, then the weighted threshold is set, and the sampled points that satisfy the threshold are extracted as the initial velocity distribution feature points. Next the node vectors were constructed according to the initial feature points, and the initial interpolation fitting curves are generated. Secondly, by using the relative deviation between the initial approximation curve and each sampled point, new feature points were added where the curve allowable deviation exceeded the specified tolerance, and then a new interpolation fitting curve was obtained. The above procedure was repeated until the fitting curve reached expected accuracy, thus the appropriate feature points were determined. Experimental results showed that, in the case of the same approximation deviation, the proposed NBSC method can solve the problem of under-sampling of measurement data better.

Automatic Steering Control Algorithm Based on Compound Fuzzy PID for Rice Transplanter

In order to realize automatic steering controls of rice transplanters in paddy fields, an automatic steering control algorithm is essential. In this study, combining the fuzzy control with the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control and the kinematics model, a compound fuzzy PID controller was proposed to adjust the real time data of the PID parameters for the automatic steering control. The Kubota SPU-68C rice transplanter was then modified with the new controller. Next, an automatic steering control experimental with the modified transplanter was carried out under two conditions of linear tracking and headland turning in verifying the automatic steering effect of the transplanter in different steering angle situations. The results showed that the deviation with the new controller and the modified transplanter was acceptable, with maximum deviation in linear tracking of 7.5 cm, the maximum headland turning a deviation of 11.5 cm, and the average a deviation of less than 5 cm. In conclusion, within the allowable deviation range of the field operation of the rice transplanter, the proposed algorithm successfully realized automatic steering controls of the transplanter under different steering angles.

Studi Pengaruh bukaan Corewall terhadap Kinerja Lateral Sistem Struktur yang Mengalami Beban Gempa

[IN] Untuk mengurangi pengaruh defleksi yang berlebihan pada gedung akibat beban gempa, dibutuhkan struktur yang dapat mereduksi pengaruh dari beban gempa yaitu struktur dinding geser. Corewall merupakan modifikasi dari struktur dinding geser yang dapat menahan pengaruh beban lateral dan efek torsi dari adanya eksentrisitas serta juga dapat difungsikan sebagai ruang lift. Dalam perencanaannya, corewall diberi bukaan yang difungsikan sebagai pintu untuk lift. Dengan adanya bukaan dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap kekakuan pada corewall. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu melakukan analisis terhadap kinerja sistem struktur frame dan corewall dengan bukaan dalam menahan beban lateral pada gedung tidak beraturan. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis dinamik respon spektrum berdasarkan peraturan SNI 1726-2012. Tahapan awal dalam penelitian ini adalah menentukan posisi letak corewall yang yang terbaik. Setelah didapat posisi corewall yang optimal, selanjutnya dilakukan investigasi terhadap 12 tipe bukaan pada corewall untuk mengetahui model bukaan dengan kinerja deformasi akibat beban gempa. Hasil peneitian ini menunjukkan dari ke-12 tipe bukaan pada corewall, bukaan corewall pada model 11 lantai 7 untuk arah Y, kinerja simpangan antar lantai melebihi batasan simpangan antar lantai ijin sebesar 0,19%. Selain dari model 11, kinerja simpangan antar lantai pada model bukaan yang lain tidak melebihi dari batasan simpangan ijin. [EN] Structure equipped with shear wall is effective to reduce the effect of excessive deflection due to earthquake load. Core wall is a modification of shear wall that can withstand lateral loads and torsion effects due to eccentricity whilst also functioned as elevator room. Core wall is designed with openings that functioned as access path to elevators. The openings can influence the stiffness of core wall. This study discusses the analysis of irregular frame structure systems and core wall with openings against lateral loads. The method used in this paper is the dynamic response spectrum method based on Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) code 1726-2012. The initial stage of this research was to determine the position of the best core wall location. Having obtained the optimal core wall position, an investigation of 12 types of openings on the core wall was carried out to determine the opening model with the best lateral deformation performance due to earthquake load. The results of this research show the best lateral performance of 12 types of opening of core wall. The worst core wall openings model no. 11 shows the increasing inter-floor capacity by 0.19% from the requirements set by SNI 1726-2012. Meanwhile, other models show the performance of inter-floor deviation does not exceed the allowable deviation based on SNI the given code.