Elder Mistreatment: a Clinical, Social, and Legal Concern

Elder mistreatment is all activities carried out by other people towards the elderly which are classified as dangerous and causing harm, such as physical, verbal, financial or material abuse and or neglect, and violation of human rights. The incidence ranges from 3.2% to 27.5% of the elderly population, where this population is predicted to be 1.2 billion people by 2025. The main risk factors are under-reporting, individual factors, relationship factors, community factors and social factors. The diagnosis includes anamnesis of the patient, family or caregiver. Detection begins by confirming any cognitive impairment, using the Mini-Cog or Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) form. Followed by screening, which can be done using the Elder Abuse Suspicion Index (EASI) instrument, then a physical examination looks for evidence of acts of abuse or neglect. Intervention is carried out by providing medical treatment for physical injuries, temporary protection, keeping the perpetrator away from the victim, and education on patterns of mistreatment that can involve social services and law enforcement. Management includes a complete and focused examination of mistreatment, preparing a safety plan, which is providing plans to improve patient protection, as well as education on treatment goals. Patient management should use a multidisciplinary team consisting of doctors, nurses, social workers, legal representatives and administrative officers. Complete data and clear laws and regulations regarding mistreatment are needed, such as in America and Britain where absolute mistreatment is legally reported.

Some challenges in developing and implementing comprehensive crime-fighting programmes

On the basis of a systematic approach, the general problems of using the law enforcement management of the bodies of internal Affairs software method are addressed. The current state of programming is considered; in the network of general patterns of social management the main areas of improvement of this work are proposed.

Influential Women? Policing Styles in Online Recruitment Materials

This article tests the temporal relationship between the representation of females in policing and organizational change toward community-oriented policing. This mixed methods study involves secondary data analysis of the 2013 Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics survey, open-source data collection of online recruitment materials for 493 Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics agencies, quantitative content analysis of a random sample of 131 departments, and Leximancer semantic mapping of the 493 departments’ materials. The two forms of content analysis focus on the particular emphases of “legalistic,” “watchman,” and “service” styles. The quantitative content analysis results largely support the temporal model, with the percent female sworn in a given department in 2013 significantly predicting whether that department’s 2018 recruitment materials focus on service or community-oriented policing content. The Leximancer semantic mapping results provide a more ambiguous picture, including legalistic through-line language around police work.

To Adopt or Not to Adopt: Contextualizing Police Body-Worn Cameras Through Structural Contingency and Institutional Theoretical Perspectives

There has been an increase in the adoption of body-worn cameras (BWCs) by law enforcement agencies in the United States and abroad. While several studies have showed promising results in officer satisfaction, community satisfaction, and other outcomes, the rationale for the adoption and diffusion of this technology has received little attention.This article suggests that agency adoption of BWCs can be understood through two competing theoretical frameworks: structural contingency theory and institutional theory. Intended as a research note, the paper sets up a number of testable propositions and hypotheses pertaining to BWCs as contextualized through these theories and measurable through the recent Law Enforcement Management Administrative Statistics-Body-Worn Camera Supplement.

Organizational correlates of police deviance

PurposeMany examinations of police misconduct involve case study methodologies applied to a single agency, or a handful of agencies. Consequently, there is little evidence regarding the types of misconduct across agencies, or the impact of department-level characteristics on the nature and prevalence of officer deviance. The purpose of this paper is to address this research gap using statewide data of over 1,500 charges of police misconduct filed with the Arizona Peace Officer Standards and Training Board (AZPOST) from 2000 to 2011.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines variation in the prevalence and forms of misconduct across 100+ agencies based on agency type and size. Difference scores were calculated for every agency in the state to determine whether an agency’s level of misconduct was proportionate to the number of officers employed by that agency. AZPOST data were supplemented with Law Enforcement Management and Statistics data to identify organizational correlates of misconduct in agencies generating disproportionately low and high levels of misconduct.FindingsResults identify variation in officer misconduct across different types of agencies. Tribal agencies generally experience higher rates of domestic violence and drug/alcohol-related incidents. Smaller agencies have more misconduct allegations involving supervisors. Organizational characteristics including pre-hiring screening, accountability mechanisms and community relationships are associated with lower levels of agency misconduct.Originality/valueThe use of AZPOST data enables a statewide examination of misconduct while accounting for organizational context. This study identifies organizational features that might serve to protect agencies against disproportionate rates of officer misbehavior.

Sworn Volunteers in American Policing, 1999 to 2013

This study describes changes in the use of sworn volunteers among the nation’s local law enforcement agencies and identifies those state-level certification, community, and agency characteristics associated with agencies using such volunteers in 2013. Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics data from 1999 through 2013 were analyzed to document trends in both the number of sworn volunteers and the prevalence of agencies using sworn volunteers. While there has been a modest decline in the use of sworn volunteers since 1999, in 2013, about 36% of all local law enforcement agencies used sworn volunteers; furthermore, these volunteers comprised 7% of all local sworn personnel having arrest authority nationwide in 2013. A survey of peace officer standards and training agencies found that approximately two thirds of states required state-level certification of sworn volunteers. Multivariate analyses of state-level certification standards, census data, and agency characteristics found that agencies were more likely to use sworn volunteers if they (a) are a sheriff's office, (b) serve jurisdictions with larger populations, (c) have greater levels of social disadvantage, (d) do not require recruits to have more than a high school education, or (e) are located within states offering graduated levels of sworn volunteer certifications. Agencies were less likely to use volunteer officers if they (a) hire part-time sworn officers, (b) have a greater entry-level salary, or (c) are accredited.

Análisis Conjunto de Configuraciones de Caso: una introducción al Pensamiento Configural

El presente artículo constituye la primera guía paso a paso en castellano para llevar a cabo un Análisis Conjunto de Configuraciones de Caso (Miethe, Troshynski, & Hart, 2008). Este se define como una técnica exploratoria para el análisis multivariado de datos categóricos que supone una alternativa a otros métodos tradicionales. Mediante su desarrollo lógico se pretende mostrar un método sistemático de preparación de datos que permite realizar con ellos una amplia gama de análisis, mostrando tanto las ventajas que brinda como las limitaciones que presenta. Para ilustrar claramente su proceso de aplicación se ha recurrido a dos bases de datos gestionadas por el Instituto de Investigación Social de la Universidad de Michigan: The National Incident Based Reporting System y The Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics. La interpretación de los resultados de esta técnica permite alcanzar conclusiones que pueden tener importantes implicaciones en los distintos procesos de toma de decisiones basados en evidencias.

Law enforcement policy: notion, content, purpose.

The subject of research is law enforcement policy as an integral part and form of the realizationof complex system phenomenon of legal policy.The purpose. The study of optimization of law enforcement policy as a vital task of legalscience and practice.The results and scope of it’s application. Law enforcement policy creates the strategy andtactics of law enforcement and significantly defines its social efficiency.The content of law enforcement policy is diverse. It comprises such questions as: definitionof main state priorities in the sphere of law realization; working out major goals and principlesof law enforcement activity; coordination and general law enforcement management;stimulation of scientific and other activities aimed at the improvement of forms and methodsof individual powerful actions; definition of scientifically proved criteria of its efficiency;provision of the legal regime in the country, the regime of exact abidance of the constitutionand other laws by all legal subjects; creation of necessary political and organizational guaranteesof realization of laws and personal freedom; working out basic principles of cooperationbetween state, society and person in sphere of law realization; development of legalcommunications, provision of transparency, availability of the information concerning thechanges made in law realization sphere, their goals, achieved results etc.Conclusions. Law enforcement policy is the field of interdisciplinary investigations. That iswhy both law theorists and representatives of specific juridical sciences should study it. Theenforcement policy is an important factor for the optimization of law enforcement and thepractice of realization of law in general.