Posthumous baggage. Harper Lee’s letters

The article is devoted to the epistolary legacy of Nelle Harper Lee, the author of the American cult classic To Kill a Mockingbird (1960). The researcher examines a collection of Nelle’s letters written from 1956 to 2009, provides a detailed list of sources and makes suggestions about the potential new discoveries that could shed light on the life of ‘America’s most reclusive author.’ This short study of ‘posthumous baggage,’ as Lee referred to her private correspondence, offers an insight into the interests of the author, who insisted on keeping her personal life to herself. The letters included in the study concern the writer’s relationship to her father Amasa Coleman Lee, on whom she based the character of Atticus Finch, her attitude to her own biography published by Charles Shields, and personal anxieties of her final years. The author also details Lee’s opinions of literature, from the 19th-c. classics to contemporary authors, and shows how much she valued communication with her numerous fans.

STATE OF EXCEPTION THROUGH RASISME IN GO SET A WATCHMAN IN AGAMBEN’S POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

This study aims to see racism in the novel Go Set a Watchman by Harper Lee as state of exception; a political philosophy of Agamben. Agamben's idea of ​​state of exception is used in this study as the theoretical framework. This research specifically reveals how racism becomes part of state of exception in American society around 1960s when the novel was written. The analysis focuses on issues of racism in American society as depicted in the novel. The issue of racism is taken with the aim of analyzing state of exception in USA, in dealing with racial discrimination. After analyzing the issues of racism and state of exception in the novel, this study reveals that racism in American society is politically structured. The finding of this study is the discrimination experienced by lower class citizens who are dominated by black people, as the impact of state of exception which affects their citizenship rights.

THE CHARACTER AND MORAL VALUES IN “TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD” BY HARPER LEE

<p class="Penulis">The purpose of the research is to find out the character and the moral values in the novel “To Kill a Mockingbird” by Harper Lee. This research is designed as qualitative research. The approach that the writer uses is qualitative. The data are collected by analyzing the data found in the novel. The analysis of the novel is undertaken on the dialogues. The result of the research is the form of character and moral values. 1) The character that emerges in the novel “To Kill a Mockingbird” is the protagonist, antagonist, and foil characters. The protagonist is 70 %, the antagonist is 18 %, and the foil character is 12 %. It means that the character who dominates in the novel is the protagonist. This novel's point is to lead the readers to appreciate others 2) There are seven moral values in the novel: respect, kindness, conscience, self-control, empathy, tolerance, and fairness. The moral value in the novel, respect gets 28 %, kindness is 10 %, conscience is 15%, self-control is 5 %, empathy is 15%, tolerance is 13%, and fairness is 15%. It means that moral values that dominate in the novel convey particularly to the readers is respect.</p>

“My Beloved Hal”: Harper Lee's Best Kept Secret

Writer’s dating life is an important part of his literary work. It either inspires the author to literary feats, or makes him unable to work successfully. The love life of the 1961 Pulitzer Prize winner Nelle Harper Lee has always been a subject of interest for her biographers, since information about it was carefully hidden. Ms. Lee did not give interviews, did not speak publicly, and answered “Hell, no,” for all requests to help create an authorized biography of her. In March 2018, Stuart A. Rose Manuscript, Archives, & Rare Book Library (Atlanta, USA) bought six unique letters by Harper Lee. They were written in the period from 1956 to 1961 and addressed to Harold Gray Caufield, a New York architect, whose biography has not yet attracted the attention of researchers. The author of the article, having read Harper Lee's letters thoughtfully, made his own investigation to uncover littleknown details about Harold Caufield’s personality. What kind of relationship did Nelle and Harold really have? The article reproduces photos of the probable lover of Harper Lee for the first time.

Child Narration in Harper Lee’s “To Kill a Mockingbird”

Children's stories have a significant role in American literature. Such a role is regarded as both instructive and entertaining. A child narration, to Harper Lee (1926–2016), the American novelist, reveals some hidden messages about how a child can develop and can succeed to conform to society. A narrator, to her, could or could not be a character in the events. If a child narrates the events of a novel, he/she will definitely simplify the topics he/she narrates. Hence, Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird portrays a world that is exotic to the reader. The present paper aims to explore how the novel introduces the struggles and the disadvantages of Western society through a child’s narration, which includes the point of view and language. It also tackles how the capacity of childhood innocence shows people’ behavior clearly. This study tries to find some answers to the following questions: Why did Lee use child narration? What is the aim of using first-person narration? Was the narrator successful in reflecting the truth of events as adults did? The paper also aims at shedding light on the western problems through the child’s eyes. It attempts through child narration to expose people’s deceptive appearances, racism, and class distinction.

20 lecciones que aprendí mientras vivimos confinados

Hace sesenta años, Harper Lee publicó Matar a un ruiseñor donde narra su mirada cálida de niña de diez años hacia su familia y conciudadanos en una pequeña población de Alabama. En esas páginas, que alcanzaron pronto un notable éxito, se describe con claridad la pérdida de la inocencia de unos niños en mitad de un mundo de honestidad e injusticias, de ternura y prejuicios sociales, de igualdad y desigualdad.