The substantiation of measures to optimization of nutrition for teenagers studying at residential educational establishments

Purpose: to study the actual nutrition and to prove measures for its optimization at the disabled children of middle school age living in residential school of 8th type.Materials and methods: 29 pupils of residential school of the 8th type at the age of 12-13 years are examined. Calculations of the chemical composition and energy value of diets ware made with use of the program of the analysis of a condition of food of the person, version 1.2.4 registered by the Russian Agency of Patents and Trademarks 09.02.2004 No. 2 004 610 397 of Federal State Budgetary Institution Scientifi c Research Institute of Food of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. Th e statistical analysis of data was carried out by means of the Statistica 6.0 program.Results: among children with day stay in school (the 1st group) persons with defi ciencies of consumption of energy and the main nutrients meet considerably more oft en (from 50.0% to 90.0%), than among peers of the 2nd group (round-the-clock stay in school) (from 0.0% to 26.3%). At boys of the 1st group the trend of relative defi ciency in a diet on energy, protein, fats and carbohydrates is revealed (from 10.3% to 28.8%), and at girls relative defi ciency of energy, protein and carbohydrates was noted (from 5.6% to 26.3%; on fats – excess for 21.4%). On the contrary, at boys of the 2nd group the excess on energy and, especially, fats (for 46.2%) was noted and at girls the excess on indicators of energy, protein, fats and carbohydrates was observed (from 23.4% to 88.3%).Conclusion: the revealed violations defi ned the list of measures for optimization of food of children who have to be realized within sanitary and educational work with parents.

Deconstruction of a taboo: press coverage of sexual violence against children in pedagogical institutions in Germany 1950–2013

In 2010, Germany was shattered by a cluster of scandals concerning child sexual abuse in residential educational institutions. Previous attempts to broach the issue of child sexual abuse in institutions have repeatedly failed. This article investigates the historical preconditions that led to the immense awareness of child sexual abuse as raised by the media during this particular time. In order to create a holistic picture of the preconditions and awareness potential of the scandal, a database based on searching using a semantic field approach was created. The results were analyzed with respect to published discourses on child sexual abuse generally and in institutions in particular. Quantitatively, until the beginning of the 1990s, search results show a low but stable level of publication activity. This level increased strongly in the 1990s and, after a slight decrease in the new millennium, reached its peak in 2010. Qualitatively, the way violence against children in institutional settings was framed in the media coverage changed from emphasizing the motives of the perpetrator only (until the 1990s) to including more and more institutional and structural conditions that contribute to child sexual abuse.

Trends in the provision of residential educational placements available for young people with learning disabilities/autism in England

Purpose Little is known about the characteristics of residential educational settings for young people with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) in England. Previous research has focussed on the characteristics and experiences of the young people attending such settings rather than the setting itself; therefore, an overview of national provision is needed. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach As part of a larger project, data were collected for all residential schools and colleges in England. Data relate to settings offering residential provision for at least 4 nights per week for 30 weeks per year, either at the school/college itself, or in an associated residential home. Due to the remit of the main project, settings offering placements only to young people aged under 16 were excluded. Data were collected from a range of sources, including school/college websites, Ofsted and Department for Education resources, and liaison directly with the setting. Findings In total, 342 residential educational settings were identified with 57 of these offering post-16 provisions only. A range of data is presented about these settings, including location, placement numbers and types available, age range catered for, special educational needs categories registered for, governance arrangements (e.g. LA maintained, privately owned, and charitable organisation), and Ofsted educational ratings. Originality/value These data provide a national overview of residential educational settings for young people with IDD. This enables a clearer picture of the location and type of provision offered and allows comparisons both within and between areas.

Treatment of Obesity Among Youth With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: An Emerging Role for Telenursing

Childhood obesity is a serious health issue, associated with medical comorbidity and psychosocial impairment that can persist into adulthood. In the United States, youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities are more likely to be obese than youth without disabilities. A large body of evidence supports the efficacy of family-based treatment of childhood obesity, including diet, physical activity, and behavior modification, but few interventions have been developed and evaluated specifically for this population. We highlight studies on treatment of obesity among youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities, including both residential/educational settings as well as outpatient/hospital settings. All interventions were delivered in-person, and further development of promising approaches and delivery via telenursing may increase access by youth and families. Nursing scientists can assume an important role in overcoming barriers to care for this vulnerable and underserved population.

Impact of Contractors’ Bidding Strategies on Bid Success in the Nigeria Construction Industry

Several types of researches have been carried out prior to the new millennium on the subject of bidding strategies in the construction industry. Today, organizations are faced with a very complex decision of bid/no-bid because it requires the assessment of large number of highly inter-related variables. The study aims at examining different types of Contractors’ Bidding Strategies (CBS) with a view to determining their impact on bid success. In line with the aim, the study objectives include; evaluation of different types of CBS and; assessment of the success rate of contractors’ bid. The method of approach elicits information on the number of projects bided and successes recorded over a period of time. A total of one hundred and seventy-one useable responses were retrieved from questionnaire administration. Descriptive statistics, tables and percentages as well as mean item score (MIS) were used for data analysis. The study showed that lowest bid, public relations and joint venture bidding strategies have great impact on contractors’ bid success especially on residential, educational and administrative projects in the Nigeria Construction Industry (NCI). Therefore, the study concluded that relationship exists between contractors’ bidding strategies and equivalent successes recorded over a period of time. It is important to also know that lowest bid strategy still remains the most effective bidding strategy for public works contracting in the NCI.