Digital Terrain Model Geospatial Modelling

The modelling means the world object cognition based on the analogy. This analogy presents an idea and material imitation of some properties of the existing world. It is processed by various anthropogenic objects, in which the chosen properties are presented, defined and characterised as shapes and relations of original objects. The simplified objects are created. These objects are specially created only for world study. These types of objects are called models. To edit the digital terrain model correctly, it is necessary to understand the geospatial modelling.

MODEL OF THE SYSTEM OF QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE SECONDARY EDUCATION MASTERS IN PHYSICAL CULTURE

Introduction. Under modern conditions, the issue of quality assurance for professional training of future specialists, which will guarantee their competitive-ness on the labor market, is rather topical. The aim of the article is to develop a model of a sys-tem of quality assurance for professional training of future secondary education master in physical culture. Methods of research: analysis of references and doc-uments; method of systematic analysis; method of com-parison and contrasting; method of functional and struc-tural analysis. Results. Within the research, we view a model as im-aginary or materially-realized analogue – a target peda-gogical program that recreates the object of analysis and is able to provide its replacement so that there is a possi-bility to obtain new information about this object. It has been revealed that modeling is a method of sci-entific research; a basis for elaboration of a new theory; a mechanism of defining perspectives of object cognition development. Structural blocks (target, theoretical and methodologi-cal, content, procedural, criterion and evaluation) of a model of a system of quality assurance for professional training of future secondary education master in physical culture and their content have been characterized. Scientific novelty. The model of the system of quality assurance for professional training of future secondary education master in physical culture has been theoretical-ly substantiated and elaborated; author’s interpretation of the notion of “quality assurance for professional training of future secondary education master in physical culture” has been formulated. Conclusions. Based o the scientific references and personal experience in teaching, the system of quality assurance for professional training of future secondary education master in physical culture has been elaborated.

"TRANSNOUMENALISM" AND OBJECT-ORIENTED ONTOLOGY: REAL, IMAGINARY AND CONSTITUTION OF OBJECTIVITY WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF SPECULATIVE REALISM

The article investigates place of an object in the field of speculative realism in general and objectoriented ontology in particular. It describes object’s special and ambiguous position given to it by OOO as opposed to “correlational” approach. Critics of correlational philosophy concerning objects and speculative approach opposing to it (including the one suggested by object-oriented ontologists and counter-arguments by other speculative realists) are analyzed. G. Harman’s quadruple structure taken as a basis and supplemented by imaginary object mode, whose place is on the edge of subject-object dichotomy. The author examines the dichotomy in the context of possibility to overcome it with the help of approach suggested by OOO backing. The analysis of Harman’s attempt to develop the thing-in-itself and extend understanding of object concept is about to be done. The aim of the article is to define how the imaginary intrudes basic perception leaving us with realistic (at least as consciousness sees it) picture of the world. So, throughout the article can be seen an attempt to investigate relations and/or tensions to which real and imaginable objects come between each other within the approach of speculative realism. In addition, the author had a task to determine how imaginary mode of an object is embedded in all tensions of its quadruple structure. Full transition to completely objective reality is considered impossible to be due to difficulties with its detachment from the imaginary. There was defined that imaginary object mode is organically built in all Harman’s four tensions, which are allure, causation, confrontation and theory – all of them are explained in more detail in the article. It also produces an effect on perception of constituents between which we notice those tensions, real or sensual objects and qualities. Thus, it can be argued that imaginary mode of an object is its binding component and it is necessary for complete object cognition. Besides, proceeding from the fact of how object shapes in this mode, there can be made a conclusion that cognition is not one-way process of information receiving. Imaginable becomes creative addition to it, work done by consciousness in cognition.

Visual Number Beats Abstract Numerical Magnitude: Format-dependent Representation of Arabic Digits and Dot Patterns in Human Parietal Cortex

In numerical cognition, there is a well-known but contested hypothesis that proposes an abstract representation of numerical magnitude in human intraparietal sulcus (IPS). On the other hand, researchers of object cognition have suggested another hypothesis for brain activity in IPS during the processing of number, namely that this activity simply correlates with the number of visual objects or units that are perceived. We contrasted these two accounts by analyzing multivoxel activity patterns elicited by dot patterns and Arabic digits of different magnitudes while participants were explicitly processing the represented numerical magnitude. The activity pattern elicited by the digit “8” was more similar to the activity pattern elicited by one dot (with which the digit shares the number of visual units but not the magnitude) compared to the activity pattern elicited by eight dots, with which the digit shares the represented abstract numerical magnitude. A multivoxel pattern classifier trained to differentiate one dot from eight dots classified all Arabic digits in the one-dot pattern category, irrespective of the numerical magnitude symbolized by the digit. These results were consistently obtained for different digits in IPS, its subregions, and many other brain regions. As predicted from object cognition theories, the number of presented visual units forms the link between the parietal activation elicited by symbolic and nonsymbolic numbers. The current study is difficult to reconcile with the hypothesis that parietal activation elicited by numbers would reflect a format-independent representation of number.