Advanced Applications of Industrial Robotics: New Trends and Possibilities

This review is dedicated to the advanced applications of robotic technologies in the industrial field. Robotic solutions in areas with non-intensive applications are presented, and their implementations are analysed. We also provide an overview of survey publications and technical reports, classified by application criteria, and the development of the structure of existing solutions, and identify recent research gaps. The analysis results reveal the background to the existing obstacles and problems. These issues relate to the areas of psychology, human nature, special artificial intelligence (AI) implementation, and the robot-oriented object design paradigm. Analysis of robot applications shows that the existing emerging applications in robotics face technical and psychological obstacles. The results of this review revealed four directions of required advancement in robotics: development of intelligent companions; improved implementation of AI-based solutions; robot-oriented design of objects; and psychological solutions for robot–human collaboration.

Digitalization in the system of methods of scientific knowledge

The study aims to clarify the methodological status of digitalization in the framework of the philosophical theory of knowledge. The subject of the study: explication of the instrumental and methodological nature of digitalization. The problem is solved by employing the categorical and conceptual apparatus of philosophy of science, particularly in paradigm analysis. A comparative analysis of the concepts of “information” and “digitalization” is carried out. Information within the framework of classical scientific rationality coincides with the phenomenon of absolute-relative knowledge. In non-classical rationality, it represents a movement of meaning and expresses the value-valued nature of information technology. In postnonclassical science, the phenomenon of information is associated with intrasystemic communications. Digitalization as a mode of data transmission is incorporated into the deductive and inductive logic of classical science and leads to an essential limitation of the source base. In modern science, data selection entails the creation of systematic factual meaning, and digitalization coincides with analytical activity. In addition to general logical functions, digitalization points to new perspectives on such types of systems methodology as modeling and design. In relation to the information as a methodology, digitalization acts as a meta-methodology. That is, the digital world is defined as an observing reality. In the framework of digitalization, information is identical to knowledge in its postnonclassical meaning. In digitalization, the process of cognition is incorporated into reality itself, forming an intersubjective field of meaning. In this context, digitalization serves as an inter-paradigmatic method of scientific knowledge. Digitalization refers to the rational side of cognition and is a type of systematic methodology and general logical methods.

On the Issue of the Baptism of Princess Olga

Introduction. More than once researchers will address this issue and related subjects. Where, how and why did Princess Olga receive holy baptism? When and in what capacity did she travel to Constantinople? What was the meaning of Olga’s baptism for Rus? Was the blessed princess the ruler of a pagan state? The author proposes to share his thoughts on this subject in this article. Methods. The method of considering this issue ultimately comes down to finding the best option for reconciling conflicting testimony of sources, taking into account extensive historiography, but also in the context of a particular historiographic and theoretical paradigm. Analysis. The opinion about the official nature of Olga’s trip to Constantinople as the full-fledged ruler of the Russian land can be successfully opposed by the opinion that the visit of the princess to the capital of the empire is a private event in the life of the widow of the Russian prince. Doubts were justified that she could be equal in status to her late husband and fully take control of his princely duties and government powers. Most likely, her political position was ambivalent. It is difficult to deny the baptism of Igor’s widow in Constantinople, because all the sources talking about him, not coinciding in the dating of this event, nevertheless, unanimously localize him there. Results. Christianity, adopted by Princess Olga in 957 in Constantinople during an unofficial trip there as part of a trade caravan, from the very act of baptism to the end of the princess’s life, remained only her personal affair. After baptism, Olga completely refused to participate in government activities. The latter circumstance allows emphasizing that aspect of her Christian feat that researchers did not pay attention to: conscious self-removal from power (even symbolic) in pagan society in order to follow Christian commandments and adhere to Christian values.

Welfare Detection and Legal Effectiveness: Country Institutions Which the Authority is Regulated in Law in the Disputes of Authority

Institutional design of the state with separation of powers and checks and balance give birth to the intersection of authority. This condition has the potential to create a power dispute between state institutions. Provisions regarding the resolution of disputes over state institutions are inseparable from issues concerning subjectum and objectum litis which have become jurisprudential and the institution is independent and is not subordinate to other institutions, so there are several state institutions that cannot resolve disputes in the Constitutional Court, namely state institutions that regulate them outside the Constitution, whether regulated by law or under the law. The purpose of this study is to describe the provisions of dispute resolution for the authority of state agencies which the authority is regulated in law. This journal research uses a qualitative paradigm with a phenomenological approach in the translation. The results obtained in this study are: 1) Detection of Welfare which will be realized in maximum when all state agencies effective in operation; 2) Paradigm: Analysis of Dispute Authority of State Institutions. On the basis of a modern legal state, disputes over the authority of state institutions that are formed based on the law, need to be channeled to settle so that they remain based on due process of law and there are no rules in the process of resolving disputes over the authority of state institutions in the law.