Visual Counts of Acorns of California Black Oak (Quercus kelloggii) as an Indicator of Mast Production

In 1995, acorn production of California black oak(Quercus kelloggii) was measured on 20 mature trees located in two stands in Placer County, California. Acorn production of each tree was measured using three 0.8 m² cone traps and a single 30 sec visual count. Visual counts were compared with trap data to develop statistical relationships between the two methods because visual counts have some advantages over traps, and we desired an efficient measure of the amount of acorns available as food for wildlife. Visual counts were positively correlated (P < 0.020) with several trap measures including wet acorn weight, weight of sound acorns, dry acorn weight, and total number of sound acorns. Linear regression of square-root transformed data found that visual counts could be used to predict total weight of sound acorns and total weight of dry acorns (P < 0.003). These results indicate that visual counts are adequate surrogates for more detailed measures of acorn production. West. J. Appl. For. 13(1):27-31.

The Genera and Species of the Nearctic Dolerini (Symphyta: Tenthredinidae: Selandriinae): Classification and Phylogeny

The Dolerini consist of two genera (Dolerus Panzer and Prionourgus Goulet). Prionourgus consists of one species. Dolerus is subdivided into one species group and seven subgenera (nitens group, Neodolerus Goulet, Achaetoprion Goulet, Oncodolerus Goulet, Loderus Konow, Dicrodolerus Goulet, Dolerus s. str. Panzer, and Dosytheus Leach), and consists of 72 Nearctic species.Described as new are one genus [Prionourgus (type species: Dolerus salmani Ross)], four subgenera [Neodolerus (type species: Dolerus sericeus Say), Achaetoprion (type species: Dosytheus maculicollis Norton), Dicrodolerus (type species: Dosytheus apricus Norton), and Oncodolerus (type species: Loderus acidus MacGillivray)], 23 species [Dolerus abstrusus (type locality: Moose Factory, Ontario), Dolerus acer (type locality: Merritt Creek, Klamath County, Oregon), Dolerus aeneiceps (type locality: Robson, British Columbia), Dolerus alutaceus (type locality: Seymour, Illinois), Dolerus californicus (type locality: 1 mi. E Emigrant Gap, Placer County, California), Dolerus columbianus (type locality: Robson, British Columbia), Dolerus comatus (type locality: Pullman, Washington), Dolerus crinitus (type locality: Forestville, California), Dolerus decussatus (type locality: Chaffeys Locks, Ontario), Dolerusfaber (type locality, 25.5 mi. W Lakeview, Oregon), Dolerusfalcatus (type locality: Cheltenham, Pennsylvania), Dolerus fulgens (type locality: Huntingdon, Pennsylvania), Dolerus hebes (type locality: Marmora, Ontario), Dolerus incisus (type locality: Reindeer Depot, Northwest Territories), Dolerus inermis (type locality: Moscow, Idaho), Dolerus interior (type locality: Pullman, Washington), Dolerus laevis (type locality: Glacier Point, Yosemite National Park, California), Dolerus maritimus (type locality: Chase Lake, Snohomish County, Washington), Dolerus mimus (type locality: Gatineau Park, Quebec), Dolerus recurvans (type locality: Strawberry, California), Dolerus rossi (type locality: Fredericton, New Brunswick), Dolerus tacoma (type locality: Mount Rainier, Washington), and Dolerus urustus (type locality: Tuscarora, Nevada)], and two subspecies [Dolerus elderi pacificus (type locality: Sumas Prairie, British Columbia) and Dolerus konowi glacialis (type locality: Yakutat, Alaska)]. A new name, Dolerus sayi, is proposed for D. collaris Say, a junior secondary homonym.Treatment of each taxon includes synonymic list, diagnostic combination, descriptions, taxonomic notes, origin of new epithet, host and/or habitat, geographic distribution, and notes on affinities. In addition, under each species there is a discussion of geographical variation. Important character states are illustrated and geographical distribution is mapped for all species. Relationships between species of Dolerini are reconstructed from the analysis of structural characters using principles of cladistic systematics. Finally a classification is proposed for higher taxa of the Dolerini based on the reconstructed phylogeny.