Role of Family Communications in Adolescent Personal and Social Identity

This study examines the relationship between family communication patterns (involving two dimensions of conversation and conformity) and the personal-social identity of adolescents. This study uses a survey technique involving 214 adolescents from intact families and single-parent families in one school in Bandung, by providing two scales of the Family Communication Pattern Revised (FCPR) from Ritchie and the scale of Social Identity-Personal Identity (SIPI) from Nario-Redmond. Data analysis to test three hypotheses in this study using Pearson product-moment correlation and regression analysis to find moderation of the measured variables. The findings indicate that the dimensions of the conversation are significantly positively related to social identity and personal identity. While the dimensions of conformity are negatively associated with social identity and positively associated with personal identity. After controlling for family status and sibling position in the family, the dimensions of conformity moderate significantly positive relationships between dimensions of conversation and social identity.

PARENTAL ATTITUDE TOWARDS CHILDREN OF DIFFERENT SIBLING POSITION

One of the core tasks for parents is maintaining their children’ optimal functioning and mental health. The differential perception of siblings depending on their birth oder appears to be a precursor of their future well-being. The purpose of the study is to present theoretical and empirical analysis of the differences in parental treatment of the children of different birth order. Thirty married couples with children completed questionnaires to measure the specific features of their parental characteristics. The study covers theoretical and empirical analysis of the modern scientific approaches and theories concerning parental attitude towards siblings. Statistic analysis was held using IBM SPSS Statistics 20. The findings of the study revealed that parents of “the only child” tend to have higher level of attachment, control, demands, anxiety and inconsistency in upbringing comparing to the other sibling position of the “younger” child. The parents of the only child are more satisfied with their parent-child relationships. The investigation of the differences in attitude towards senior siblings proved parents to be more cooperative, demanding, inconsistent and rigorous. They provide children with higher level of autonomy psychological distance. The younger siblings are less controlled, demanded and independent. The study summarizes significant differences of parental treatment towards children of different birth order. It highlighted the importance of early significant relationships in shaping human being’s personality.

Multigenerational Transmission Process in Tennessee Williams’s Cat on a Hot Tin Roof

This paper explores the concept of multigenerational emotional process in Tennessee Williams’s Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. This concept is derived from the psychiatrist Murray Bowen’s theory that is called Bowen family systems theory and it includes eight interlocking concepts: differentiation of self, triangles, nuclear family emotional system, family projection process, sibling position, multigenerational emotional process, emotional cutoff, and societal emotional process. The concept of multigenerational emotional process expands the emotional system from the circle of the nuclear family to a larger circle of grandparents and extended family. Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is the distinctly multigenerational play in Williams’s drama. Cat on a Hot Tin Roof signifies two noticeable generations representing the transmission of the Southern heritage intergenerationally on both emotional and cultural levels.

Girls’ Emotional and Meaningful Attitude to Motherhood

We carried out the conditions analysis of the development of emotional and meaningful attitude to motherhood among student-age girls in connection with low fertility and ambiguous attitude of young people to parenting — a pressing problem in present-day Russia. The presented results of the empirical study (N=230) identify five types of girls ‘ attitude to motherhood and show their relationship with the peculiarities of parent-child interaction in the parent family. The unfavorable tendency of negative and ambivalent attitude to motherhood was revealed in a significant part of the sample. The formation of positive emotional and meaningful attitudes towards the birth of children in girls is facilitated by parental acceptance, cooperation, closeness, consent, as well as the authority of parents and satisfaction with relations with them. Disharmonious child-parent relationships are more often found in girls that reject a mother’s role. The role of a sibling position is considered, as well as a factor of girls’ living together with parents or separately.

REPOSISI KEDUDUKAN SAUDARA DALAM HUKUM WARIS ISLAM

Islamic inheritance law makes three categories of siblings with different parts. This difference shows that the position of siblings, siblings of one father and siblings of one mother is not the same. This is understood from the explanation of the different inheritance of the brother in the Qur'an, namely verse 12 and verse 176 surah an-Nisa '. This reading leaves a problem because in reality there is no significant importance in the distinction except the attempt to reconcile the two verses. By using a systematic reading of the theme of kalalah followed by the theory of the primary and secondary heirs, it is found that the difference in the brother's part as the heir is more to the difference of his position as the primary or secondary heir, not the difference as a sibling, siblings of one father and siblings of one mother. Therefore the repositioning of sibling position in Islamic law of inheritance should be applied.