Attitudes of nursing degree students towards end of life processes. A cultural approach (Spain-Senegal)

Introduction The concept of death is abstract, complex and has a number of meanings. Thus, its understanding and the approach taken to it depend, to a large extent, on aspects such as age, culture, training and religion. Nursing students have regular contact with the process of death and so it is of great interest to understand the attitudes they have towards it. As we live in a plural society it is even more interesting to not only understand the attitudes of Spanish students but, also, those of students coming from other countries. In the present article, we seek to identify and compare the attitudes held by nursing degree students at Hekima-Santé University (Senegal) and the University of Huelva (Spain) about end of life processes. The study identifies elements that condition attitudes and coping with death, whilst considering curricular differences with regards to specific end of life training. Method A descriptive, cross-sectional and multi-center study was conducted. The overall sample (N = 142) was divided into groups: Hekima-Santé University (Dakar, Senegal) and the University of Huelva (Huelva, Spain). The measurement instruments used were an ad-hoc questionnaire and Bugen´s Coping with Death Scale. Results Statistically significant differences (p = 0.005, 95%CI) were found in relation to overall Bugen Scale scores. We can confirm that specialized end of life training (University of Huelva, Spain) did not lead to better coping when compared with a population whose academic curriculum did not provide specific training and who engaged in more religious practices (Hekima-Santé University, Senegal). Conclusions In cultures where religion not only influences the spiritual dimension of the individual, but acts in the ethical and moral system and consequently in the economic, educational and family sphere, the accompaniment at the end of life transcends the formative plane. Considering the plural society in which we live, the training that integrates the Degree in Nursing with regard to the care of the final process, must be multidimensional in which spirituality and faith are integrated, working emotional and attentional skills, as well as cultural competence strategies in this process.

The acquisition of ICT skills at the university level: the case of the Faculty of Business Studies and Tourism of the University of Huelva

The acquisition of skills in ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) has a relevant role in the training programs of educational institutions, since these skills are among the most demanded when companies decide to look for workers. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the training in ICT skills that the students of the Faculty of Business Sciences and Tourism of the University of Huelva (Spain) possess according to their professors and the importance that these professors give to their acquisition for the future professional performance of their students, and observe if these two variables differ from the opinion of the students, to know if corrective measures should be taken in the training programs when transmitting said skills. This research is carried out through a questionnaire carried out to 46 professors of said Faculty and concludes that, in general, the study plans have been able to promote the learning of these ICT skills and to relativize the acquisition of these for the future job performance of their students.

Percepciones del alumnado sobre diferentes tipos de violencia. Adaptación y validación del CUVE3 -ESO al contexto universitario

La mayoría de los estudios sobre violencia escolar centran sus análisis en las etapas de la educación primaria y secundaria, siendo escasas las investigaciones de esta temática en el ámbito universitario. Partiendo de esta realidad y apoyándose en una metodología de tipo encuesta, se presenta un trabajo que indaga en la percepción del alumnado universitario en lo referente a la frecuencia con la que consideran que aparecen diferentes tipos de violencia escolar, protagonizada por los estudiantes o por el profesorado universitario. En concreto, los resultados tienen como punto de partida la adaptación del CUVE3-ESO al contexto universitario y su aplicación a una muestra constituida por 337 alumnos y alumnas de la Universidad de Huelva. Se han analizado sus propiedades psicométricas y se han efectuado análisis descriptivos de las variables estudiadas. A modo de discusión y conclusiones, por una parte cabe resaltar la identificación de determinadas conductas de tipo disruptivo en el aula, así como la violencia verbal entre el alumnado y la violencia del profesorado de tipo excluyente hacia el alumnado, en cuanto a tener preferencia por ciertos alumnos/as (M=2.56), manía a algunos alumnos/as (M=2.25) e ignorar a ciertos alumnos/as (M=2.06). Estas conductas se presentan como las formas más habituales de violencia en la universidad (factores igualmente detectados en otros niveles educativos). Por otra parte, se corrobora que la adaptación del instrumento utilizado también es fiable y válida para evaluar la violencia en el contexto universitario. Most studies about school violence focus their analysis on the stages of primary and secondary education with little research being available on this subject at the university level. Taking this reality as a point of departure and making use of a survey-type methodology, this study investigates the perception of students at the University of Huelva (Spain). This study is concerned with the frequency with which they consider that different types of school violence appear, whether carried out by other students or by professors of the University. Specifically, this study is based on the adaptation of the CUVE3-ESO to a university context and its application to a sample made up of 337 students at the University of Huelva. Their psychometric properties have been analyzed. Descriptive analyses of the studied variables have also been carried out. By way of discussion and conclusions, on the one hand, it is worth highlighting the identification of certain disruptive behaviors in the classroom, as well as verbal violence between students and exclusionary teacher violence towards certain students, in terms of having a preference for some students (M=2.56), disliking some (M=2.25) and ignoring others (M=2.06). These behaviors are presented as the most common forms of violence at the University (and have also been detected at other educational levels). On the other hand, this study corroborates that the adaptation of the instrument used is reliable and valid for evaluating violence in a university context.

La Prevención del VIH/SIDA en la formación universitaria de los futuros educadores

Resumen: En esta investigación se presentan algunos de los resultados sobre los conocimientos de los estudiantes de titulaciones educativas de la Universidad de Huelva sobre el VIH/SIDA, referidos al grado y calidad del conocimiento que tienen sobre esta enfermedad. Gracias a ellos, hemos podido explorar e identificar las repercusiones derivadas de la falta o insuficiencia de información veraz y, proponer acciones educativas en el ámbito universitario, entendido como agente promotor de salud. Mediante un cuestionario aplicado a una muestra de más de seiscientos sujetos, hemos logrado averiguar que, la mitad de ellos obtienen un resultado insuficiente en la prueba de conocimiento, la desinformación de cuestiones capitales -como, las vías de transmisión del VIH- aún persisten. En definitiva, se sugiere la necesidad de elaborar y desarrollar propuestas formativas que mejoren las competencias en esta materia de estos estudiantes, que además serán futuros educadores en ámbitos escolares y sociales.Abstract: This research presents some of the results on University of Huelva Education Degrees students' knowledge towards the HIV/ AIDS, regarding the degree and quality of their knowledge of the disease. Thank to them, we have been able to explore and identify the effects of the absence or lack of veracious information and, consequently, to propose educational actions in the University sphere, which is viewed as a health promotion agent. By means of a questionnaire applied to a sample of over six hundred subjects we managed to discover that, half of them have an insufficient result in the knowledge test, the disinformation of fundamental issues – like ways of transmission of the HIV – remains. In short, our analysis evokes the need to elaborate and develop educational proposals, which would improve the students' competencies in this matter, these students being future education professionals in the school and social spheres.

The Importance of ICTs for Students as a Competence for their Future Professional Performance: the Case of the Faculty of Business Studies and Tourism of the University of Huelva

To date, the knowledge and use of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) has become an almost essential requirement when someone wants to find employment in our society. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the importance that students of the Faculty of Business Studies and Tourism of the University of Huelva (Spain) give to the acquisition of ICT skills for their future professional performance and the domain they have over them (achieved throughout their years of learning). This research is developed through a questionnaire completed by 90 students of the Faculty and concludes that in general they give these ICT skills the importance that they deserve and that their domain goes in parallel (except for some skills that show formative need), even being able to observe that in the majority of cases the dominion of these skills is tied to the importance that they give them.

OPINIÓN, VOLUNTARIEDAD Y MOTIVACIÓN DE ESTUDIANTES Y PROFESORADO UNIVERSITARIO DE PARTICIPAR EN UN PROGRAMA DE EDUCACIÓN BILINGÜE

OPINION, VOLUNTARINESS AND MOTIVATION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND FACULTY TO PARTICIPATE IN A BILINGUAL EDUCATION PROGRAMThe present research has examined the opinion, motivation and the degree of willingness from professors and students of Psychology Bachelor‘s Degree of the University of Huelva during the academic year 2012/2013, to participate in a hypothetical bilingual education (Spanish and English), according to the new teaching and learning CLIL program. As a result, it can be concluded that both groups show a relatively high degree of willingness to participate in this program, and are intrinsically motivated, while only the group of students are extrinsically motivated to participate in this program.Keywords. University Education. Bilingualism. Psychology. CLIL programs.Resumen:El presente trabajo de investigación ha examinado la opinión, la motivación y el grado de voluntad del profesorado y del estudiantado del Grado en Psicología del curso académico 2012/2013 de la Universidad de Huelva, de participar en un hipotético programa de educación bilingüe (español e inglés), conforme al nuevo paradigma de enseñanza-aprendizaje AICLE. Como resultado, se puede concluir que ambos colectivos muestran un grado relativamente alto de voluntad de participar en dicho programa, y están motivados intrínsecamente, mientras que sólo el colectivo de estudiantes está motivado extrínsecamente para participar en dicho programa.Palabras clave. Educación universitaria. Bilingüismo. Psicología. Programas AICLE.

Las competencias profesionales en Educación Física (The professional skills in Physical Education)

El planteamiento inicial desde la aparición de los nuevos grados en la comunidad universitaria, tiene en común exigir a los estudiantes ir adquiriendo a lo largo de su formación, una serie de competencias que permitan alcanzar aquellos conocimientos, actitudes y destrezas: personales, profesionales y metodológicas, que se requieren para el desempeño de cada una de las profesiones. Aunque las competencias no son de obligado cumplimiento dentro de la antigua titulación de Magisterio de Educación Física en la Universidad de Huelva, nace la curiosidad por saber qué competencias y en qué grado se están desarrollando actualmente. De esta manera, los docentes universitarios tendrán una referencia más objetiva partiendo desde la realidad del alumnado, incidiendo en aquellas competencias que menos se desarrollan y reforzando las que más se favorecen en la actualidad. La metodología utilizada fue la cuantitativa, utilizando el cuestionario como instrumento de recogida de los datos y su posterior análisis a través del programa informático SPSS versión 18. La muestra estuvo formada por alumnos/as del último curso de Magisterio de Educación Física de la Universidad de Huelva, docentes del Área de Educación Física de dicha Universidad y maestros en activo de la especialidad señalada de la provincia de Huelva. Palabra clave: formación, competencias, alumnado, Educación Física.Abstract: The aim of the new degrees in the university community has in common to require students begin to acquire over their training, a range of skills to achieve the knowledge, attitudes and skills: personal, professional and methodological required for the performance of each of the professions. Although the skills are not mandatory in the old degrade of Teacher of Physical Education at the University of Huelva, one must know what skills and to what degree are currently being developed. Thus, university lecturers have a more objective reference starting from the reality of students, focusing on those skills that are less developed and strengthening the most favored ones today. The methodology used was quantitative, using the questionnaire as a measurement instrument and subsequent analysis through SPSS version 18 program. The sample was composed of pupils of the last year of teaching Physical Education at the University of Huelva, the lectures of Physical Education Area of the University and teachers in active of the province of HuelvaKey words: training, skills, students, Physical Education.

Actitudes hacia la obesidad de los estudiantes de Magisterio de la Universidad de Huelva (Attitude toward obesity showed by the teacher-training pupils of the University of Huelva)

El presente estudio analiza la actitud hacia la obesidad y el sobrepeso que presenta el alumnado de primer y tercer curso de magisterio de la Universidad de Huelva (N=299) comparando los estudiantes de educación física (N=123) con los de educación infantil y primaria (N=176). Este planteamiento supone una réplica de la investigación efectuada por O’Brien, Hunter y Banks (2006), quienes compararon la actitud hacia la obesidad entre un grupo de estudiantes de educación física y otro de psicología. Para medir la actitud hacia la obesidad se emplearon instrumentos explícitos e implícitos. También, se aplicó un cuestionario de hábitos físico-deportivos. Los resultados confirman que todo el alumnado presenta una actitud negativa hacia la obesidad y el sobrepeso, siendo mayor en los estudiantes de educación física, y dentro de estos mayores entre el alumnado de tercer curso. Por otro lado, el alumnado que muestra más interés hacia el deporte, así como aquellos estudiantes que practican más deportes, poseen una actitud más negativa hacia la obesidad y el sobrepeso que aquellos estudiantes a los que no les interesa o no practican deporte.Palabras clave: obesidad, prejuicios, imagen corporal, deporte, educación física.Abstract: The present study analyses the attitude toward the obesity and the overweight that show the pupils of first and third course of the University of Huelva (N= 299) comparing the students of physical education (N= 123) with the students of kindergarten and primary education (N= 176). This design supposes a replication of the investigation made by O’Brien, Hunter and Banks (2006), who compared the attitude toward the obesity between one group of students of physical education and another group that studies psychology. In order to measure the attitude toward the obesity, explicit and implicit instruments, together with a questionnaire of physical-sport habits were used. The results confirm that all the pupils present a negative attitude toward the obesity and the overweight, being higher in the students of physical education, and among these higher in the pupils of third course. On the other hand, the pupils that show more interest toward the sport, and those students that practice more sports, possess a higher negative attitude toward the obesity and the overweight that those students that are not interested in or don’t practice sport.Key words: obesity, prejudice, body image, sport, physical education.