LINGUISTIC APHORISMS AS THE MEANS OF IMPROVEMENT OF THE FUTURE PHILOLOGISTS’ LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE

In the modern educational paradigm, special attention is paid to the preparation of future specialists based on the competency approach. The fundamental point of the process of professional training of students-philologists is linguistic competency as the integrated quality that includes a number of central characteristics. It is formed in the course of mastering the linguistic disciplines provided by the curriculum. Linguistic aphorisms that represent particular features of philological terms and notions in figurative form can be a significant supplement to the studied theoretical and practical material.The article deals with the essence of the notion of “linguistic competence” and its components. Taking into account the fact that linguistic competence is integral by itself, the following sub-competencies are distinguished: phonetic, orthoepic, graphic, orthographic, lexico-phraseological, lexicographic, and grammatical (its components include morphological and syntactical), punctuation and stylistic The content of each sub-competency as a linguistic subsystem has been defined in the article. Linguistic aphorisms, analyzed in the paper, represent philological notions and phenomena that are studied during the formation of every mentioned sub-competency. The interpretation of linguistic units through aphorisms is subjective, as their authors are mostly writers, scholars and philosophers. Linguistic aphorisms as individual authorial utterances cannot be treated as the ultimate source of information but rather assist in comprehending the essence of a particular linguistic phenomenon through figurative associations from the new perspective and serve as the means of its additional semantization. Having a didactic character, aphorisms can be used for educational purposes as a means of improving the linguistic knowledge of future philologists. Keywords: linguistic competency; sub-competency; linguistic aphorisms; individual authorial utterances; linguistic terms and notions; figurative associations; professional training; language personality; students-philologists.

Teaching Interpreting: Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature Experience

The purpose of this study is to suggest some effective ways of training interpreters and to share the experience of Tashkent state university of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi with the same purpose of interpreter training. More specifically, it deals with theoretical views of different scholars about simultaneous interpreting to understand what actions the process of simultaneous interpreting involves and what skills a person is required to have in order to carry out this task. Training simultaneous interpreting is very complicated and complex task because it involves a great number of objectives to be realized. The concern of our investigation is the methods of teaching interpreting, the ways to make interpreter training i more effective and efficient. The reason why we undertook this research is that even though a lot have been done in this field of study by many scholars of the world, the problems specific to training interpreters in such language pair as Uzbek- English has still remained untouched. The article shares experiences of university staff about linguistic competency of interpreters, their aptitude to work in stressful settings, deep and well-structured background knowledge, ability to anticipate the words to be used in phrases, and their ability to apply various techniques that help them in interpreting task as their career. After the establishment of Tashkent state University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navai in 2016, professor Sh.S. Sirojiddinov, its rector, and specialists interpreters training took the course towards developing special programs targeting at holding the conference for training interpreters becoming qualified in translating from Uzbek into English and vice versa. The President of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev considered this program as one of the priority tasks demanded for the administration and staff of university administrators and staff. The decision was motivated by the shortage of highly qualified interpreters who can interpret from Uzbek into English and from English into Uzbek during international conferences and forums.

Tales of Precarious Digital Empowerment

This critical cyber-autoethnography delves into the processes of adopting a wearable device, specifically a smartwatch. As I contemplate various moments during which my foreign body (by virtue of being an immigrant) relies on another foreign body (smartwatch) to feel at “home” in spaces ranging from hostile to uncomfortable, I articulate how the status of the wearable shifts from that of an accessory to an intimate interface. The narratives presented here center intersectionality by exploring the racialized and gendered dimensions of my immigrant experience in the United States by focusing on how my brown, female body processes/filters everyday microaggressions through my smartwatch. By joining my body with a digital device, that is, becoming a cyborg, I explain how my experiences of marginalization are qualitatively modified. Articulating the shifting privileges I enjoy in the form of economic stability and linguistic competency prevents fetishizing the digital and avoids technological determinism. In conclusion, this autoethnography uses the concept of the cyborg to map the connections between embodied experience; symbolic, sensory potential of digital devices; and intersectional identities.

Belizean Varieties of Spanish: Language Contact and Plurilingual Practices

The current paper focusses on Spanish (de facto second official language) in contact with English (official language) and Belize Kriol (considered to be a lingua franca). These three languages are numerically the majority languages and, as a consequence, are an important axis of study for multilingualism. Previous quantitative analysis of interviews with a cohort of Spanish speakers who use all three languages in the same utterance are examined within the context of linguistic ideologies to draw insights into the Belizean semiotic landscape and the ways in which speakers enact linguistic agency. More than linguistic competency, this analysis makes evident speakers’ plurilingual competency which entails simultaneously navigating ideological norms as well as mulitple grammatical systems.

The practicability of proverbs in teaching Arabic language and culture

This empirical case study has two objectives. First, it reports on the pedagogical applicability and practicability of proverbs in teaching Arabic language and culture at the novice level and up according to guidelines of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL). Second, it examines how the use of proverbs in teaching inspires active learning and stimulates students’ intercultural perception. The empirical activities presented in this article demonstrate that the constructive integration of Arabic proverbs in language teaching helps improve learners’ linguistic competency, intercultural awareness, and cross-cultural communication. The article also shows that proverbs constitute an important repository of authentic materials that can provide educators with new instructional ideas and strategies in teaching Arabic as a foreign or second language. The study’s findings also mirror ongoing pedagogical discussions about teaching Arabic as a foreign and strategic language. Such is the case with approaches and theories, textbooks, the role of culture in learning, the use of authentic materials, and Arabic diglossic disposition.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-СЕТЕВАЯ КОММУНИКАТИВНАЯ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЬ КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТ ЦИФРОВОЙ ГРАМОТНОСТИ ПОКОЛЕНИЯ Z

Рассматриваются ключевые подходы к концептуализации понятия «цифровая грамотность» в зарубежном и российском исследовательском дискурсе. Отмечается дефицит подходов к анализу компетенций, связанных с эффективной коммуникацией и адаптацией к социально-сетевой коммуникативной культуре молодежи. Предлагается новая концептуализация социально-сетевой цифровой грамотности как элемента сетевой цифровой культуры и общей цифровой грамотности поколения Z. На основании оценок и мнений представителей цифрового поколения, выявленных в результате проведения серии полевых исследований в рамках исследовательского проекта, посвященного изучению сетевой культуры поколения Z, описывается содержательное наполнение комплекса следующих лингвистических, коммуникативных и прагматических компетенций, образующих социально-сетевую цифровую грамотность: лингвистической компетенции по продуцированию разножанрового социально-сетевого контента и эффективной обратной связи; коммуникативной компетенции по организации контекстов социально-сетевой коммуникации с различными аудиториями пользователей; практиконормативной компетенции по соблюдению этических норм и требований этикета и поддержанию бесконфликтного социально-сетевого общения; компетенции социальносетевой самопрезентации. The key approaches to the conceptualization of the concept of digital literacy in foreign and Russian research discourse are considered. Along with the classical interpretation of P. Gilster of digital literacy as the understanding and use of information using a computer, the author analyzes functionalistic and cognitive approaches to the interpretation of digital literacy. There is a shortage of approaches to the analysis of competencies associated with effective communication and adaptation to the social network communication culture of youth. New conceptualization proposed social and network digital literacy as an element of network digital culture and digital literacy of generation Z. Based on the estimates and opinions of representatives of the digital generation identified as a result of a series of field studies in the framework of a research project devoted to the study of the network culture of generation Z, the content of the following complex is revealed, communicative and pragmatic competencies that form social network digital literacy: linguistic competency in the production of multi-genre social network content and effective feedback; communicative competencies in organizing contexts of social network communication with various user audiences; practical and normative competencies to comply with ethical standards and etiquette requirements and to maintain conflict-free social network communication; the competencies of social network self-presentation. It is concluded that a discussion of the need to educate and acquire competencies related to adaptation to generation Z network communication culture can serve as a key to bridging the digital divide between generations.

Are all automation-resistant skills rewarded? Linguistic skills in the US labour market

Skills that are difficult to automate are expected to increase in demand and reward according to skill-biased technological change advocates, who have identified high rewards for cognitive and social skills. However, such broad skill categories involve numerous essential competencies that can be differentially rewarded or go simply unrewarded. Using US data, this article analyses the demand for and payment of linguistic competency, a cross-cutting kind of skill that is basic for both cognitive and social work in the new economy and is one of the human capacities that is most difficult to automate. While human capital theory predicts an increase in wages as the demand for linguistic skills rises, from cultural/institutional perspectives, it can be theorised that communicative abilities and foreign-language knowledge are socially undervalued because of their association with feminised activities, ethnicity, and low-status service jobs. We analyse the demand and reward for linguistic skills through a two-step analysis of occupational and individual data derived from two sources: the Occupational Information Network and the Current Population Survey. Results show that while ‘hard’ verbal-reasoning skills are associated with high average salaries, as is predicted by neoclassical theory, the potentially undervalued linguistic skills – interactive and multilingual skills – are unrewarded and even penalised. This evidence requires further political attention, given its implications for large number of workers, especially in feminised, low-status service jobs. JEL Codes: J01, J23, J24, J31, J38

"A Mountain of Words"

This article presents an interdisciplinary approach to archival research on records produced by children that survive in family archives. It corresponds with the aims of education specialists who investigate patterns in language learning to understand how young minds absorb influences concurrently from familial, religious, and social circles across disparate cultural settings. Drawing upon the concept of syncretic literacy, the article interprets French archival evidence of children’s development of linguistic competency and sensitivity to language use in context. It argues for the need to advocate both the conservation of children’s archives and the design of educational programs that enable children to discover the role of archivists and the purposes of recordkeeping in society.