CURRENT TREND IN RESEARCH ABOUT INVISALIGN® SUCCESS OUTCOME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW USING PRISMA GUIDELINE

ABSTRACTBackground: While some researches have claimed that Invisalign® is successful in creating meaningful tooth movement, there is still no comprehensive literature review that summarizes them using one valid and reliable parameter. American Board of Orthodontics-Model Grading System (ABO-MGS) is an objective measurement for the success of orthodontic treatment. This systematic review is determined to provide scientific pieces of evidence to prove the truth of the claim using ABO-MGS. Method: English-based health sciences journal databases were searched using "Invisalign" and "Model Grading System". The databases included in this study were Pubmed, Ebscohost, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and MEDLINE. Inclusion criteria were clinical cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control study using human subjects who finished Invisalign treatment. Two independent authors summarized the data from the obtained articles using predefined data fields and discussed the data result together. Result: Out of 60 studies found during the identification process, only 6 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. Only one of them studied the efficacy of Invisalign® by using ABO-MGS to measure the pre- and post-treatment model. Invisalign® mostly successful in creating change for alignment, overjet, and interproximal contact. Other categories were not that successful to be treated with Invisalign. Conclusion: Invisalign®‘s success is mostly pursued by correcting the malocclusion in the anterior region. Given the scarce amount of reliable evidence available, it is suggested that more studies are required to be able to draw a further conclusion.

Smile Attractiveness Evaluation of Patients Selected for a U.S.-Based Board Certification Examination

Objectives The aims of the study were to assess smile attractiveness of a collection of 68 smiling photographs of successfully treated cases submitted to the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) clinical examination and identify variables that influence the assessment. Materials and Methods A panel of 81 non-Caucasian assessors from various clinical disciplines were instructed to score the smile attractiveness on a visual analog scale from 1 (least attractive) to 10 (most attractive) and to select which components contributed to a lesser attractive smile. The mean, standard deviations (SDs), and quartiles of the smile attractiveness were obtained with descriptive statistics. Multilinear regression analysis was performed to investigate the scores of the perceived quality of smile attractiveness when the clinical disciplines and gender of the assessors were the factors taken into consideration. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to establish the relationship between smile attractiveness and the achievement of a perfect smile. Results The mean (SD) rating of each clinical photograph of the anterior occlusion on smiling ranged from 3.11 (1.47) as the least attractive smile to 7.59 (1.45) as the most attractive smile. The overall mean (SD) score for smile attractiveness was 5.30 (1.10). Problems associated with teeth, gingiva, and lips corresponded with a reduction of the smile attractiveness score by 1.56, 1.82, and 1.47, respectively. Gender was not associated with smile attractiveness ratings. Orthodontists, periodontists, and prosthodontists demonstrated no difference in the ratings, while plastic surgeons were more critical than orthodontists regarding smile attractiveness. Conclusions The study suggested that only 2 out of 68 AOB validated treatment finishes had a perfect and attractive smile.

A User-Friendly Protocol for Mandibular Segmentation of CBCT Images for Superimposition and Internal Structure Analysis

Background: Since cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) technology has been widely adopted in orthodontics, multiple attempts have been made to devise techniques for mandibular segmentation and 3D superimposition. Unfortunately, as the software utilized in these methods are not specifically designed for orthodontics, complex procedures are often necessary to analyze each case. Thus, this study aimed to establish an orthodontist-friendly protocol for segmenting the mandible from CBCT images that maintains access to the internal anatomic structures. Methods: The “sculpting tool” in the Dolphin 3D Imaging software was used for segmentation. The segmented mandible images were saved as STL files for volume matching in the 3D Slicer to validate the repeatability of the current protocol and were exported as DICOM files for internal structure analysis and voxel-based superimposition. Results: The mandibles of all tested CBCT datasets were successfully segmented. The volume matching analysis showed high consistency between two independent segmentations for each mandible. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis on 20 additional CBCT mandibular segmentations further demonstrated the high consistency of the current protocol. Moreover, all of the anatomical structures for superimposition identified by the American Board of Orthodontics were found in the voxel-based superimposition, demonstrating the ability to conduct precise internal structure analyses with the segmented images. Conclusion: An efficient and precise protocol to segment the mandible while retaining access to the internal structures was developed on the basis of CBCT images.

Time-saving scoring chart for the American Board of Orthodontics’ objective grading system

Objective grading system is indispensable in contemporary orthodontic scenario to help elevate clinical proficiency and quality of care. Simplification of the format of grading system is necessary not only for easy chair side documentation but also for comparative pre- and post treatment assessment. The aim of this article is to propose a simple, practical, and time-saving scoring chart for scoring each criterion of the objective grading system.

Relación entre la calidad de los tratamientos de ortodoncia finalizados y la satisfacción en pacientes atendidos en la Universidad Santo Tomás desde 2018 hasta 2019

Introducción: el aumento en la prestación de los servicios de ortodoncia exige resultados de alta calidad para lograr la satisfacción del paciente, pero son escasos los estudios que abordan el tema. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la calidad de los tratamientos de ortodoncia finalizados con la satisfacción del paciente en las Clínicas del Ortodoncia de una universidad colombiana. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal con una muestra de 67 pacientes que completaron su tratamiento de ortodoncia entre febrero de 2018 y junio de 2019. La satisfacción se evaluó con un cuestionario de 17 ítems. La calidad de los tratamientos de ortodoncia se analizó según los ocho criterios del Objective Grading System (OGS) de la American Board of Orthodontics sobre modelos de estudio y radiografías panorámicas tomadas al finalizar el tratamiento. Se calcularon frecuencias y proporciones para variables cualitativas y medidas de tendencia central y dispersión para las cuantitativas. Se utilizaron la prueba chi-cuadrado, exacta de Fisher y el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson según fuera apropiado. Un valor de p <0,05 se consideró estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: entre los 67 participantes, 49 (73,1%) eran mujeres, la edad promedio fue 21,4 ± 9,1 años, la duración promedio del tratamiento fue 32,3 ± 5,0 meses y el número promedio de defectos fue 28,8 ± 9,2. El 38.8% respondió que estaba muy satisfecho con los resultados. No se observó una relación entre la satisfacción del paciente y la calidad de los tratamientos de ortodoncia agrupados en excelentes, aceptables y deficientes de acuerdo con los criterios del OGS. Conclusiones: no se encontró relación entre la calidad de los resultados del tratamiento de ortodoncia según los criterios del OGS y la satisfacción del paciente. Estos resultados mostraron que es necesario proponer planes de mejora continua en el centro universitario.

Factors influencing treatment efficiency:

ABSTRACT Objectives The purpose of this cohort study was to evaluate the effect of self-ligating brackets (SB) and other related factors that influence orthodontic treatment time. Materials and Methods This was a two-armed prospective study. Consecutively treated patients who were recruited from a private practice were enrolled and asked to choose between SB and conventional brackets (CB). If the patient did not have a preference, that patient was randomly allocated. An identical archwire sequence was used, and all patients were treated by a single orthodontist. Treatment duration, number of bracket failures, poor oral hygiene, poor elastic wear, whether or not to orthodontic mini-implants (OMI) were used, OMI failure, extraction, American Board of Orthodontics Discrepancy Index, and arch length discrepancy were measured and statistically analyzed using t-tests, correlation analysis, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Stepwise regression analysis was conducted to generate an equation to predict treatment duration. Results A total of 134 patients with an average age of 22.73 years were included. The average treatment duration was 28.63 months. ANCOVA showed no significant difference in treatment duration between CB and SB. Stepwise regression analysis could explain 64.6% of the variance in treatment duration using five variables. Conclusions SB did not exhibit a significant reduction in treatment time as compared with CB. Patient cooperation, extractions, and malocclusion severity had a significant impact on treatment duration.