LIFE AFTER DEATH-THE HUMAN ORGANS TRANSPLANTATION ACT A REVIEW

ABSTRACT: - We all have been hearing, reading and seeing many issues regarding organ transplantation, but many people are not aware and serious regarding Human organ transplant. Many patients struggle for life after failure of functioning of some major organs. A patient with a case of renal failure can survive for some period with the help of advance technique Viz. Dialysis, but patients with failure of function of liver or Heart etc. have no substitute for Human Organ Transplant. It is a small effort to encourage and create awareness in people to promote organ transplant. In last 10 years people are much aware regarding organ donation and organ transplant. The person certified as brain dead can only donate his healthy organs to a needy and increase his life span [2]. In India we can see advancement in the field of transplantation. The law regarding Human Organ Transplant was passed in the year 1994 it came into force in 1995[1]This law includes Regulations regarding removal, preservation and transplantation of organ for treatment purpose and prevention of commercialization of human organs[1

Guidelines Regarding §16 of the German Transplantation Act – Initial Experiences with Structured Reporting

Purpose To transfer the report sheet from the guidelines regarding the German Transplantation Act to a standards-compliant report template and to evaluate it in the clinical routine. Materials and Methods The template was developed using the freely available software brackets.io. It was implemented in the clinical routine using a reporting platform developed in-house. Interfaces to the department RIS and PACS allowed for integration into the usual reporting workflow. The evaluation period was 70 days. Results Developing the template for implementation of the guidelines was possible without any difficulties. The content of the report sheet provided in the guidelines was transferred one to one. Additionally, a text field was included to allow for further remarks. In the period under review, 7 radiologists performed 44 evaluations in line with § 16 of the German Transplantation Act. Users of the template, referring physicians and the employees of the transplantation office reported a high degree of satisfaction. Conclusion Implementing report sheets that are required by law (e. g. in the guidelines regarding § 16 of the German Transplantation Act) in the clinical routine electronically is easy and achieves a high degree of acceptance. The standard supported by the German Radiological Society (IHE – "Management of radiology report templates") allows for a quick response to the growing demand for structured and standardized reporting. Key Points Citation Format

Knorpelläsionen und Knorpeltherapie des Schultergelenks

ZusammenfassungDie Inzidenz von Knorpelläsionen, wie sie im Rahmen von Schulterarthroskopien beobachtet wird, liegt zwischen 5 und 46 %. Meist liegen klinisch führende weitere Pathologien wie Schulterinstabilitäten oder Rotatoren-manschettenläsionen vor, so dass eine typische klinische Symptomatik nicht beschrieben ist. Die radiologische Diagnostik ist schwierig, am besten eignet sich eine Arthro-MRT. Die Therapie erfolgt nach Ausschluss weiterer Pathologien zunächst konservativ. Bei Beschwerdepersistenz bzw. Vorliegen einer primären OP-Indikation aus anderer Indi-kation kommt bei kleinen Defekten ein arthroskopisches Debridement, gegebenenfalls mit einer Mikrofrakturierung, zum Einsatz. Bei größeren Defekten, insbesondere bei jüngeren Patienten, kann eine Defektdeckung mittels autologer Chondrozyten-Transplantation (ACT), bei knöcherner Beteiligung durch eine osteochondrale Transplantation, erfolgen. Bei älteren Patienten oder bipolaren Läsionen kann mit einem partiellen Oberflä-chenersatz die Versorgung mit einer (Total-)Endoprothese herausgezögert werden. Der biologische Oberflächenersatz z. B. durch Fascia lata liefert sehr inhomogene Ergebnisse und ist nur sehr bedingt zu empfehlen.

Legal Regulations Regarding Transplantation - In Poland, Germany and Switzerland

Introduction. Transplantation surgery, involving transplantation of cells, tissues and organs, constitutes a common medical practice that saves the lives of a great number of patients. Aim. The purpose of the present paper is to provide a comparative analysis of the legal regulations regarding transplantation that are in practice inside three European countries: Poland and Germany - EU Member States - and Switzerland - a non-EU state. The considerations made herein are meant to find an answer to the question whether the provisions of law regarding transplantation in the specified European countries regulate the legal situation of the donor and the recipient in a similar manner. Material and methods. The paper is based on the following source documents: The Cell, Tissue and Organ Recovery, Storage and Transplantation Act of July 1, 2005; The Act on Donation, Recovery and Transplantation of Organs and Tissues of November 5, 1997 (Transplantation Act - TPG); Federal Act on Transplantation of Organs, Tissues and Cells of October 8, 2004. In our work, we applied two methods, the first being comparative, and the second being dogmatic-legal. The latter consists of analyzing the provisions regarding transplantation as found within the three selected European countries. Results and Discussion. Under Polish, German and Swiss law alike, the recovery of cells, tissues and organs is allowed from an adult, who, under the Polish and German Acts, has full capacity to enter into legal transactions, and who, under the Swiss Act - is an adult who is mentally competent. Of note is that a minor might only be a donor in ex vivo transplantation provided that precisely specified requirements are met. Of additional note is that, under the German and Swiss Acts, recovery of tissues and organs from a human cadaver donor is allowed only if this person gave consent for such recovery prior to their death; under the Polish Act, this is allowed unless the deceased person expressed their objection when alive. Conclusion. As far as ex vivo transplantation is concerned, the legal solutions regarding transplantation in Poland, Germany and Switzerland regulate the legal situation of the donor and the recipient of a transplant in a similar way, although there are a few significant differences. As for ex mortuo transplantations - the legal solutions applied in each country greatly differ.