Short Communication: Growth and mortality rate of Black Pomfret Parastromateus niger (Bloch, 1795) and Silver Pomfret Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) in Paloh Waters, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Damora A, Ariyogagautama D, Wahju RI, Susanto H, Wang J. 2018. Short Communication: Growth and mortality rate of Black Pomfret Parastromateus niger (Bloch, 1795) and Silver Pomfret Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen, 1788) in Paloh Waters, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2247-2251. Three species of pomfret fish were caught in Paloh waters including Parastromateus niger, Pampus argenteus, and Pampus chinensis. P. niger and P. argenteus which were more dominant than P. Chinensis. Pomfret fishing in the Paloh waters is not carried out throughout the year, but generally only in August to October every year. The main fishing gear used was drift gill net. Data on the growth parameter and mortality of the pomfret fish is required as an effort for the management of this fish. This study was aimed to estimate the growth and mortality rate of P. niger and P. argenteus in Paloh waters, located in West Kalimantan. This study was conducted from April 2014 to June 2017. The fish samples were collected by catching the fish using drift gill net used by the fishing vessels. The data were analyzed using an analytic model and run using ELEFAN 1 software and Length-converted Catch Curve on FISAT II software. The result showed that von Bertalanffy growth parameters covering growth curvature (k), asymptotic length (L∞), and the age of fish in length zero (t0) was 0.26 year-1, 46.2 cm TL and -1.85 years for P. niger and 0.53 year-1, 46.2 cm TL and -0.88 years for P. argenteus. The von Bertalanffy growth function for P. niger as Lt = 46.2[1-e-0.26 (t+1.85)] and for P. argenteus as Lt = 46.2[1-e-0.53 (t+0.88)]. These functions described the expected or average length at a time (age). Total mortality rate (Z), natural mortality rate (M) and fishing mortality (F) were 0.93 year-1, 0.29 year-1 and 0.64 year-1 for P. niger and 1.68 year-1, 0.47 year-1 and 1.21 year-1 for P. argenteus. Exploitation rate (E) was 0.68 year-1 for P. niger and 0.72 year-1 for P. argenteus. The growth of P. niger is slower than the growth of P. argenteus and the fishing mortality of P. argenteus is higher than P. niger’s. Both of the exploitation rates indicated that the fish resources are over-exploited.

Bulgarian verbal clichés as communicative acts in the Balkan time and space

The article sheds light on the Balkan and Slavic components of the Bulgarian traditional verbal clichés and their metamorphoses in the situations when the oppositions “my own / somebody else’s” are of special relevance (languages and dialects, confessions, gender, age, diaspora, etc.). The current tendencies of transforming the verbal formulae with regard to globalization and the development of Internet-communication, growth of poly-ethnic societies as a result of emigration and other factors are studied.

IMPLEMENTASI TEORI KOMUNIKASI SOSIAL BUDAYA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INTEGRASI BANGSA

Development is a process that is carried out continuously in a region over time. Development leads the improvement of the lives and well-being, both in terms of material and nonmaterial. To Indonesia, the development process is a planned activity to achieve national goals as mandated in the 1945 Constitution, which among others, to promote the general welfare, united, sovereign, fair, and prosperous. Indicators of well-being are not just limited to the economic aspect and materialistic, but also concerning aspects of harmony, unity, and integration of national life in dignity characterized by solidarity excellence. So that it is needed to consider the implementation of the theories of social and cultural communication in the development process.AbstrakPembangunan adalah suatu proses yang dilakukan secara terus menerus pada suatu wilayah dari waktu ke waktu. Pembangunan bermuara para peningkatan kehidupan dan kesejahteraan, baik dari sisi material maupun nonmaterial. Bagi Bangsa Indonesia, proses pembangunan adalah aktivitas terencana untuk mencapai tujuan nasional sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945, yaitu antara lain untuk memajukan kesejahteraan umum, bersatu, berdaulat, adil, dan makmur. Indikator kesejahteraan tidak hanya terbatas pada aspek ekonomis dan materialistis, melainkan juga menyangkut aspek keharmonisan, kebersamaan, dan integrasi hidup berbangsa secara bermartabat yang ditandai oleh adanya solidaritas yang prima. Berkenaan dengan itu, perlu dipertimbangkan implementasi teori-teori komunikasi sosial budaya dalam proses pembangunan.Keywords: Socio-Cultural Communication, Growth, Integration