THE FREQGUENCY OF CRITICAL INCIDENTS AT PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD IN SMOKING PATIENTS

A prospective, randomized, open research was performed, including 114 patients who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy: 1 group -non-smokers (57 people), 2 group -smokers (57 people).Among smokers, both during the operation and within the near postoperative period (up to 120 minutes), the number of critical incidents increases, connected with the followingsystems: respiratory system, blood circulation system, and, especially, nervoussystem: motor excitation, fever, muscular tremors, the feeling of air lack.Research Results allow to recommend to the anesthetist to pay attention to the smoking experience, the quantity of smoked cigarettes per day and to be wary concerning the occurrence of possible critical incidents.

Self-synchronization theory of tri-motor excitation with double-frequency in far resonance system

With the rapid development of petroleum exploitation industry, vibrating screen actuated with a single frequency is unsuitable to separate cuttings from drilling fluid, since it usually results in screen blocking. Hence, for solving the above-mentioned problem, tri-motor excitation with double-frequency in far resonance system is introduced. This paper aims to explore the self-synchronization mechanism of the proposed system. First, dynamic equation is established according to physical model of the system. Then, displacement response of the system in steady state is obtained with dynamic formulas. Subsequently, synchronous condition among the three exciters is determined by small parameters method, and criterion of synchronous stability among the three exciters is derived by Poincare-Lyapunov method. Finally, in light of the differential motion equation, Runge-Kutta principle is assigned to validate the reliability of self-synchronous theory and the stability of the double-frequency system. The results indicate that electromagnetic torques of low-frequency motors are dynamically antisymmetric in synchronous operation, and synchronous ability of the system is determined by the mass ratio among the rotors. In addition, stable phase difference among the rotors is significantly influenced by the structural parameters of the system. And this study will be helpful for the improvement of separation technology.

Hypobaric epileptiform reaction in Krushinsky-Molodkina rats as a new experimental model for testing anticonvulsants

Ранее было установлено, что в ответ на резкое снижение атмосферного давления у крыс линии Крушинского-Молодкиной (КМ) возникает двигательное возбуждение, переходящее в клонико-тонический судорожный припадок - гипобарическая эпилептиформная реакция (ГЭР). Цель исследования. Подтвердить пригодность ГЭР у крыс линии КМ для тестирования антиконвульсантов. Методика. Для моделирования ГЭР крыс помещали в индивидуальную проточную барокамеру, снабженную высотомером, и «поднимали» с помощью вакуум-насоса до «высоты» 5000 метров со скоростью 50 м/с (декомпрессия). В процессе «подъема» у крыс возникала ГЭР. Антиконвульсанты карбамазепин и вальпроат натрия вводили крысам внутрибрюшинно в дозе 30 мг/кг и 200 мг/кг соответственно. Параметры ГЭР оценивали до и после введения антиконвульсантов. Результаты. Показано, что через 1-1,5 часа после введения антиконвульсантов ГЭР наблюдалась лишь у 30% и 40% крыс, при этом «высота» (в метрах) начала двигательного возбуждения увеличивалась и снижалась тяжесть припадка в баллах. У остальных крыс наблюдалось полное отсутствие ГЭР. Протекторный эффект карбамазепина исчезал через 24 часа после его инъекции, тогда как протекторный эффект вальпроата натрия через 24 часа сохранялся у 50% крыс. Заключение. На модели рефлекторной эпилепсии, вызываемой вакуум декомпрессией, установлено, что карбамазепин и вальпроат натрия одинаково эффективны через 1-1,5 часа после их введения, однако вальпроат натрия оказывал более пролонгированный протекторный эффект по сравнению с карбамазепином. ГЭР у крыс КМ может быть использована в качестве экспериментальной модели для тестирования антиконвульсантов. Previously it was found that Krushinsky-Molodkina (KM) rats responded to a sharp decline in atmospheric pressure with a hypobaric epileptiform reaction (HER), motor excitation resulting in tonic-clonic seizure. The aim of the study was to confirm that HER was suitable for testing anticonvulsants in KM rats. Methods. Carbamazepine and sodium valproate were administered to rats intraperitoneally at doses of 30 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, respectively. For modeling HER, rats were placed in an individual chamber equipped with an altimeter and “elevated” to a simulated altitude of 5,000 m at a speed of 50 m/sec using a vacuum pump. In the process of elevation, rats developed HER. The HER parameters were evaluated before and after the anticonvulsant administration. Results. In 1-1.5 hours after administration of the anticonvulsants, carbamazepine and sodium valproate, HER was observed only in 30% and 40% of rats. Furthermore, the “altitude” in meters of the motor excitation onset was increased whereas the seizure severity in scores was decreased. The rest of the rats had no signs of HER. The protective effect of carbamazepine disappeared at 24 hours after the injection while the protective effect of sodium valproate remained in 50% of rats. Conclusion. Using a model of reflex epilepsy induced by vacuum decompression, carbamazepine and sodium valproate were shown to be equally effective in 1-1.5 hours after their administration; however, the protective effect of sodium valproate stayed longer than that of carbamazepine. HER in KM rats can be used as an experimental model for testing anticonvulsants.