Development of low-cost serological immunoassay to detect antiviral antibodies to Sars-Cov-2 Spike protein

Seroconversion to Sars-cov-2 has been widely studied to evaluate infection spreading for epidemiological purpose, or even in studies of protective immunity in convalescent or vaccinated individuals. The viral particle has an envelope harboring the SPIKE glycoprotein, which can be used as an antigen for assay development, to detect antiviral antibodies to Sars-CoV-2. Since several vaccines encode a SPIKE subunit, the full length spike-based immunoassay should be a universal tool to evaluate seroconversion. In this manuscript, we propose a low-cost assay that can be used to detect antiviral IgG to Sars-Cov-2 in human serum.

Development and multi-use applications of dengue NS1 monoclonal antibody for early diagnosis

Swift and early diagnosis of dengue is important for case management and epidemiological purpose.

Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need of Patients undergoing Orthodontic Treatment at BPKIHS, Dharan

Introduction: Measurement of the severity of malocclusion is assessed with various indices among which Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) is widely used for clinical and epidemiological purpose. Objective: To find out the treatment need of patients who are undergoing orthodontic treatment.Materials & Method: 207 patients (71 male, 136 female) fulfilling the inclusion criteria were assessed for the dental health component (DHC) and aesthetic component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) by a single investigator. DHC was assessed with study models, whereas AC with intraoral frontal photograph.Result: Examination of DHC showed that 1 patient (0.5%) had no need; 20 patients (9.7%) had mild/little need; 50 patients (24.2%) had moderate/borderline need; 97 (46.9%) had severe need; 39 patients (18.8%) had extreme treatment need. Similarly, 7 patients (3.4%) had AC 1; 18 patients (8.7%) had AC 2; 13 patients (6.3%) had AC 3; 32 patients (15.5%) had AC 4; 34 patients (16.4%) had AC 5; 25 patients (12.1%) had AC 6; 18 patients (8.7%) had AC 7; 35 patients (16.9%) had AC 8; 15 patients (7.2%) had AC 9; 10 patients (4.8%) had AC 10.Conclusion: Among the patients who were undergoing orthodontic treatment, majority were in severe/extreme treatment need, however few with no treatment need were also found.Orthodontic Journal of Nepal, Vol. 6 No. 1, June 2016, pp.23-26