Optimizing Feedback Frequency in Motor Learning: Self-Controlled and Moderate Frequency KR Enhance Skill Acquisition

The purpose of this study was to compare the relative effects of self-controlled knowledge of results (SCKR) to other KR schedules of varying relative frequency (25%, 50%, and 100% of acquisition trials) on motor skill learning. Participants received basic instructions on the soccer overhead throw and then performed 50 acquisition trials, during which KR was provided according to the assigned schedule, followed by a retention test, during which no KR was provided. Retention scores were highest for the SCKR and 50% KR frequency groups who shared comparable absolute KR frequency and distribution relative to successful versus unsuccessful trials. These results indicated that both self-control and moderate frequency feedback enhanced learning, supporting an inverted U-shaped effect of feedback frequency on skill acquisition.

Associations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity with psychological problems and suicidality in Chinese high school students: a cross-sectional study

Background The body of literature regarding the associations between physical activity and psychological problems lacks consensus. Moreover, the role of gender has been scarcely investigated. The present study sought to fill the gap in the data by examining the associations, if any, between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), psychological problems, and self-harm behaviors based on different biological genders (male–female). Methods A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure MVPA and multiple psychological problems, including depression and anxiety; general emotion, behavior, and social problems; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD); Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD); conduct problems; and self-harm behaviors. Participants were a nationally representative sample of Chinese high school students (N = 13, 349). A multiple logistic regression analysis of MVPA, stratified by gender, was conducted on the risk of psychological problems and self-harm behaviors in the total sample. Results For boys, a high frequency of MVPA was associated with a lower risk of depression (OR = 0.68, 95% CI [0.57–0.81]) and anxiety (OR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.53–0.96]) compared to the reference group. The moderate frequency of MVPA was associated with a lower risk of ADHD (OR = 0.73, 95% CI [0.56–0.94]) compared to the reference group. For girls, both MVPA groups were associated with a lower risk of depression (moderate MVPA: OR = 0.81, 95% CI [0.70–0.94]; high MVPA: OR = 0.67, 95% CI [0.54–0.83]) compared to the reference group. High MVPA was associated with a lower risk of ADHD (OR = 0.58, 95% CI [0.37–0.89]) compared to the reference group. Only moderate frequency of MVPA was associated with a lower risk of ODD (OR = 0.79, 95% CI [0.64–0.97]). Conclusion MVPA was associated with a lower risk of depression, anxiety, ADHD, and ODD in a gender-specific and MVPA frequency-specific manner. This implies that for specific psychological issues, PA interventions that are modified based on gender and frequency of MVPA may be more effective than PA interventions without these considerations.

The Microvariable Activity of BL Lacertae

We report on seven nights of optical observation taken over a two-week period, and the resultant analysis of the intermediate-frequency peaked BL Lac object (IBL), BL Lac itself, at redshift z = 0.069. The microvariable behavior can be confirmed over the course of minutes for each night. A relativistic beaming model was used in our analysis, to infer changes to the line of sight angles for the motion of the different relativistic components. This model has very few free parameters. The light curves we generated show both high and moderate frequency cadence to the variable behavior of BL Lac itself, in addition to the well documented long-term variability.

Retrieving L2 word stress from orthography: Evidence from word naming and cross-modal priming

In this paper we investigated how L1 word stress affects L2 word naming for cognates and non-cognates in two lexical stress languages, Brazilian Portuguese (BP, L1) and American English (AE, L2). In Experiment 1, BP-AE bilinguals named a mixed list of disyllabic moderate frequency words in L1 (Portuguese) and L2 (English). In Experiment 2, Portuguese-English bilinguals named English (L2) disyllabic target words presented simultaneously with auditory Portuguese (L1) disyllabic primes. It is concluded that word stress has a task-dependent role to play in bilingual word naming and must be incorporated in bilingual models of lexical production and lexical perception and reading aloud models.

P3392Potential of imaging-guided PCI for event suppression in Japanese acute myocardial infarction patients: J-MINUET substudy

Background Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has been widely used in clinical settings. Although favorable results of imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared with angio-guided PCI were observed in several studies, impacts of institutional-based usage frequency, about imaging-guided PCI, have not been well elucidated. Methods To elucidate the impact of imaging-guided PCI and the effects of frequency of its usage, we analyzed data of the Japanese registry of acute Myocardial INfarction diagnosed by Universal dEfiniTion (J-MINUET). This was a prospective and multicenter registry consisting of 3,283 AMI patients, who were hospitalized within 48 hours of onset from July 2012 to March 2014. Clinical follow-up data was obtained for 3 years. In this sub-study, a total of 2,788 patients who underwent urgent PCI having detailed procedural information were enrolled. We analyzed the differences of utilization rates of imaging-guided PCI among the participating institutions and the impacts for the clinical events. The participating institutions were divided into 3 groups by the frequency of IVUS usage: low frequency institutions: under 50%; moderate frequency institutions: 50% to 90%; and, high frequency institutions: over 90%. Results In this cohort registry, patients were enrolled from 28 institutions. The utilization rate of coronary imaging varied widely depending on each institution from 15.4% to 100% (mean 85.7%±24.3, median 97.4%). When the institutions were divided into 3 groups by the frequency of intravascular imaging usage, four low frequency institutions enrolled 295 patients, five moderate frequency institutions enrolled 624 patients, and 19 high frequency institutions enrolled 1,491 patients. Although the incidence of MACE (death, MI, stroke, cardiac failure, or revascularization for unstable angina) decreased stepwise (33.2%, 23.7%, and 19.7%) (gray bar in the Figure), the event rates of the imaging-guided PCI cases among the 3 groups were comparable (21.6%, 21.9%, and 19.6%) (white bar in the Figure). On the other hand, a gradual event reduction between the 3 groups was observed in the angio-guided PCI cases (black bar in the Figure). In comparison of MACE rate between imaging-guided and angio-guided PCI, there were statistically significant differences in the low frequency and moderate frequency institutions (p=0.001 and p=0.012, respectively). In contrast, comparable event rates were observed in the high frequency institutions (p=0.441). MACE rate by imaging usage frequency Conclusions In Japanese ACS patients treated with imaging-guided PCI, better suppression of clinical events during 3-year was found in the institutions with the more frequent use of intravascular imaging, mainly due to stepwise event suppression in the cases of angio-guided PCI. On the other hand, the clinical benefit of coronary imaging was obtained independently of the frequency of use and its experience.

Terapi Musik Untuk Pasien Hipertensi : A Literatur Review

<p><em><em>H</em></em><em>ypertension and its complications can be minimized by using pharmacological and non- pharmacological therapy. One of the non-pharmacological therapies is musical therapy. This literature review aims to find out how music can affect blood pressure. This literature review follows the method of analyzing PICO (problem, intervention, comparison, outcome) from 20 articles obtained from Google Scholar, Science Direct, and OAJSE from 2001-2018 using the following keywords: 'Musical Therapy', 'Music for Hypertension', and 'Hypertension Therapy'. From 20 articles, the musical therapy showed effective outcome to decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension, including by using classical music, instrumental music, and moderate frequency music. The result of this literature review recommends the application of musical therapy to decrease blood pressure for patients with hypertension. </em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>musical therapy, hypertension, blood pressure</em><strong></strong></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>