Homogeneous phase synthesis of chitosan silica hybrid materials in ionic liquid medium and adsorption of Fe(III) from aqueous solutions

Two chitosan silica hybrid materials were prepared by a two-step process in 78–84% yields using the homogeneous phase reaction of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate with chitosan dissolved in 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid (∼10% w/w), which was followed by NH4OH catalyzed hydrolysis of triethoxysilyl groups and then sol-gel process. These new hybrid materials were shown to adsorb up to about 95% of Fe3+ from 5 × 10−4 M aqueous solution at room temperature in 24 h.

Effective Temperature in Active Brownian Particles

In this paper, we perform a numerical analysis of the effective temperature extracted from the deviations from the fluctuation dissipation theorem in a system of active Brownian spherical particles with excluded volume interactions. We show that, in the low density homogeneous phase at fixed Péclet number, the effective temperature decreases when the density of the system is increased. We compare this trend to the one found in the literature with simulations of other active models.