Feasibility of marine renewable energies in African coastal countries

Africa has 38 coastal countries with a population of 895,609,564 persons with potential to harness energy from ocean. These coastal countries are: Madagascar, South Africa, Mozambique, Angola, Namibia, Mauritius, Republic of Congo and Democratic Republic of Congo in Southern Africa with 25.31% population; Somalia, Eritrea, Tanzania, Sudan, Kenya, Seychelles, Comoros and Djibouti in Eastern Africa with 17.58% population; Egypt, Morocco, Libya, Tunisia and Algeria in Northern Africa with 20.96% population; Cape Verde, Gabon, Nigeria, Mauritania, Liberia, Ghana, Senegal, Cote d’Ivoire, Cameroon, Sierra Leone, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe, Benin, Gambia and Togo with population of 35.15%. Offshore wind, offshore solar, Tidal power, Wave energy, Salinity gradient, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) are discussed with opportunities and challenges.

Electrocorticographic patterns dominated by low-frequency waves in camphor-induced seizures

Camphor is an aromatic terpene compound found in the essential oils of many plants, which has been used for centuries as a herbal medicine, especially in children. However, many studies have shown that camphor may have major side effects, including neurological manifestation, such as seizures. In the present study, we investigated the electrocorticographic patterns of seizures induced by camphor in male adult Wistar rats. Each rat received 400 mg/kg (i.p.) of camphor prior to monitoring by electrocorticography. The application of camphor resulted a rapid evolution to seizure and marked changes in the electrocorticographic readings, which presented characteristics of epileptiform activity, with an increase in the total power wave. The decomposition of the cerebral waves revealed an increase in the delta and theta waves. The analysis of the camphor traces revealed severe ictal activity marked by an increase in the polyspike wave. Our data thus indicate that camphor may cause seizures, leading to tonic–clonic seizures. Clearly, further studies are necessary to better elucidate the mechanisms through which camphor acts on the brain, and to propose potential treatments with anticonvulsant drugs that are effective for the control of the seizures.

Incorporating IEEE 1609.2-2016 Standard with Internet of Things-Based Low Power WAVE Devices

The integration of low-power devices in different aspects of life has increased the challenges of mitigating the impact of the heterogeneity of different related technologies. Accordingly, the Internet of Things context is an umbrella that diffuses different proprietary protocols into standardized forms to overcome the heterogeneity problem. The recent IEEE 1609.2-2016 standard is tackling the issue of wireless access security in the vehicular environment. An obstacle arose by which Internet of Things-based, low-power devices are integrated into the Internet of Vehicles cloud. In turn, the overhead of Internet of Vehicles-based protocols must be analyzed regarding the adaptability of low-power devices in the vehicular environment. This paper investigates the burden of the IEEE 1609.2 security stack on Internet of Things-based, limited-capability devices and defines the possible approaches to incorporate these low-power devices within the vehicular network under the IEEE 1609.2 standard. The proposed methodology, through the conducted simulations, demonstrates low security overhead with a 40% reduction in consumed energy over the default WAVE stack. In addition, the results show that including low-power devices within the Internet of Vehicles paradigm is possible, but still more enhancements and contributions are required to minimize the overhead of the WAVE security stack.

Analisa Kecepatan dan Karakteristik Pola Gelombang pada Kapal Bantu Hidro-Oceanography

Kapal hidro-oceanography dituntut mampu melaksanakan operasi diberbagai medan perairan, oleh karena itu penting merumuskan technical requirement yang didasarkan pada pertimbangan teknis yaitu dengan mengkaji kecepatan, power dan karaktristik gelombang permukaan yang terjadi pada kapal bantu hidro-oceanography dengan menerapkan teknik numerik untuk menghitung kecepatan, power dan menganalisa gelombang. Metode yang dipilih untuk menghitung besarnya tahanan dan power dari beberapa variasi metode. Dari metode Holtrop diperoleh tabel input untuk hullspeed, tabel output untuk hullspeed pada rentang kecepatan 12-14 KNOTS. Dari tabel-tabel tersebut dapat kita analisis gelombang untuk kecepatan 12 KNOTS dan 14 KNOTS.Keywords: speed, power, wave.