On Ripple Reduction of PWM Coupled Inductors

<div>This letter investigates the ripple reduction mechanisms of pulsed-width-modulated (PWM) coupled inductors based on the principles of multiphase interleaving. By adopting circuit duality and superposition analysis, the ripple reduction ratio of PWM coupled inductors is, for the first time, presented as a function of the ripple reduction ratio of multiphase interleaving and the coupling coefficient of the coupled inductor. The analysis simplifies the assumptions used in previous study, and results in concise and intuitive description of the ripple reduction mechanisms of coupled inductors. The results provide useful guidelines for designing interleaved and coupled PWM converters.</div>

On Ripple Reduction of PWM Coupled Inductors

<div>This letter investigates the ripple reduction mechanisms of pulsed-width-modulated (PWM) coupled inductors based on the principles of multiphase interleaving. By adopting circuit duality and superposition analysis, the ripple reduction ratio of PWM coupled inductors is, for the first time, presented as a function of the ripple reduction ratio of multiphase interleaving and the coupling coefficient of the coupled inductor. The analysis simplifies the assumptions used in previous study, and results in concise and intuitive description of the ripple reduction mechanisms of coupled inductors. The results provide useful guidelines for designing interleaved and coupled PWM converters.</div>

Unified Models for Coupled Inductors Applied to Multiphase PWM Converters

<div> <p>Circuit models for multiphase coupled inductors are summarized, compared, and unified. Multiwinding magnetic structures are classified into parallel-coupled structures and series-coupled structures. For parallel-coupled structures used for multiphase inductors, the relationships between a) inductance-matrix models, b) extended cantilever models, c) magnetic-circuit models, d) multiwinding transformer models, e) gyrator-capacitor models, and f) inductance-dual models are examined and discussed. These models represent identical physical relationships in the multiphase coupled inductors, but emphasize different physical aspects and offer distinct design insights. The circuit duality between the series-coupled structure and the parallel-coupled structure is explored. Design equations for interleaved multiphase buck converters based on these models are streamlined and summarized, and a simplified equation showing the relationships between current ripple with and without coupling is presented. The models and design equations are verified through theoretical derivation, SPICE simulation, and experimental measurements. <br></p></div>

Unified Models for Multiphase Coupled Inductors

<div> <p>Circuit models for multiphase coupled inductors are summarized, compared, and unified. Multiwinding magnetic structures are classified into parallel-coupled structures and series-coupled structures. For parallel-coupled structures used for multiphase inductors, the relationships between a) inductance matrix models, b) extended cantilever models, c) magnetic circuit models, d) multiwinding transformer models, e) gyrator-capacitor models, and f) inductance dual models are examined and discussed. These models represent identical physical relationships in the multiphase coupled inductors, but emphasize different physical aspects and offer distinct design insights. The circuit duality between the series coupled structure and the parallel coupled structure is explored. Design equations arising from these models are streamlined and summarized, and a simplified equation showing the relationships between current ripple for interleaved multiphase buck converters with and without coupling is presented. The models and design equations are verified through theoretical derivation, SPICE simulation, and experimental measurements. <br></p></div>

Unified Models for Multiphase Coupled Inductors

<div> <p>Circuit models for multiphase coupled inductors are summarized, compared, and unified. Multiwinding magnetic structures are classified into parallel-coupled structures and series-coupled structures. For parallel-coupled structures used for multiphase inductors, the relationships between a) inductance matrix models, b) extended cantilever models, c) magnetic circuit models, d) multiwinding transformer models, e) gyrator-capacitor models, and f) inductance dual models are examined and discussed. These models represent identical physical relationships in the multiphase coupled inductors, but emphasize different physical aspects and offer distinct design insights. The circuit duality between the series coupled structure and the parallel coupled structure is explored. Design equations arising from these models are streamlined and summarized, and a simplified equation showing the relationships between current ripple for interleaved multiphase buck converters with and without coupling is presented. The models and design equations are verified through theoretical derivation, SPICE simulation, and experimental measurements. <br></p></div>

Unified Models for Multiphase Coupled Inductors

<div> <div> <p>Circuit models for multiphase coupled inductors</p><p>are summarized, compared, and unified. Multiwinding magnetic structures are classified into parallel-coupled structures and series-coupled structures. For parallel-coupled structures used for multiphase inductors, the relationships between a) inductance matrix models, b) extended cantilever models, c) magnetic circuit models, d) multiwinding transformer models, e) gyrator-capacitor models, and f) inductance dual models are investigated and</p><p>discussed. These models represent identical physical relationships in the multiphase coupled inductors, but emphasize different physical aspects and offer distinct design insights. The circuit duality between the series coupled structure and the parallel coupled structure is revealed. Design equations linking these models are compared and unified. The models and design equations are verified through theoretical derivation, SPICE simulation, and experimental measurements.</p></div></div>

Unified Models for Multiphase Coupled Inductors

<div> <div> <div> <p>Circuit models for multiwinding coupled magnetics are summarized, compared, and unified. Multiwinding coupled magnetics are classified into parallel coupled structure and series coupled structure. For parallel coupled structure, the relation- ships between a) inductance matrix model, b) extended cantilever model, c) magentic circuit model, d) multiwinding transformer model, e) gyrator-capacitor model, and f) inductance dual model are investigated and discussed. These models represent identical physical relationships in the multiphase coupled magnetics, but show different fundamental principles and offer distinct design insights. The circuit duality between the series coupled structure and parallel coupled structure is revealed. Design equations linking these models are compared and unified. The models and design equations are verified through theoretical derivation, SPICE simulation, and experimental measurements.</p></div></div></div>