Acute Dystonic Reaction in a 14-Year-Old Boy after Accidental Overuse of Nasal Metoclopramide

We present the case of a 14-year-old boy who developed an acute dystonic reaction 5 h following the overuse of a nasal metoclopramide spray that his mother gave him thinking it was a nasal decongestant. The patient had torticollis and intense motor restlessness, while he was fully conscious and hemodynamically stable. All laboratory investigations were normal. He was treated with a single dose of biperiden intravenously with direct disappearance of the symptoms. Children are particularly susceptible to the extrapyramidal side effects of metoclopramide that can occur irrespective of the route of administration.

Hypnic headache

Hypnic headache (HH) is a rare primary headache disorder. Its main clinical features are strict sleep-related headache attacks that awaken patients from sleep. As headache attacks often occur at the same time at night, HH has also been referred to as ‘alarm clock headache’. Currently, 225 cases have been reported in the literature. Patients are generally older than 50 years of age at headache onset, but occurrence in younger patients and even children has been described. More women than man are affected. The headache may be bilateral or unilateral. Some migrainous features, such as nausea or photophobia, or mild cranial autonomic symptoms, such as lacrimation, may accompany HH and create diagnostic uncertainty. While most patients display some motor activity during the headache attacks, the agitation and motor restlessness that is characteristic of cluster headache does not appear. The pathophysiology of HH is still enigmatic. Hypothalamic involvement has been considered on the basis of the circadian rhythmicity, relationship with sleep, and imaging evidence of a decrease in grey matter volume within the posterior hypothalamus. Caffeine, lithium carbonate, and indomethacin may be effective for the prevention of attacks, but randomized, placebo-controlled trials are not yet available.

Nocturnal Activity Is Not Affected by a Long-Duration, Low-Intensity Single Exercise Bout

The aim of the current study was to examine whether prolonged low-intensity aerobic exercise could affect nocturnal activity in healthy individuals. Twenty-one healthy adults (24 ± 3.7 years; 9 females) were enrolled in this study. All participants participated in a 3-h low-intensity walking exercise protocol. Standard biochemical indices were assessed before the exercise protocol and at 72 h. Nocturnal activity and various indices of health were recorded for five consecutive days. The score of muscle pain peaked the night after the exercise protocol (p < 0.05) and returned to baseline two days after. No statistical differences were found in any of the parameters examined, including nocturnal activity. Prolonged low-intensity exercise does not affect nocturnal activity. The anecdotal reports suggesting that exercise or/and physical activity could worsen symptoms of motor restlessness during sleep in sleep disorders, such as restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements, are not supported by this study. However, these findings need to be verified in clinical populations, as well as by using protocols with different forms of exercise.

A SHORT REVIEW ON UNNMAD W.S.R. TO ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD)

Unnmad is one type of mansik-vyadhi which is most common form of mental disorder. Unnmad can be co –related with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Today’s modern era day to day psychosomatic disorder affected children are increased in pediatric clinics, out of that Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) one of them. Due to increased distractibility and difficulty sustaining attention; poor impulse control and decreased self-inhibitory capacity; and motor over activity and motor restlessness. etc leads to this disease. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) neurobehavioral disorder of childhood and one of among the most prevalent chronic health conditions affecting school-age children. In modern medicine except presynaptic dopaminergic agonists, there is no other treatment for this disease While traditional life science Ayurveda has most effective solution over this. The present article is an attempt to highlighting on details of unnmada with co-relating with ADHD.